An objective quantitative diagnosis of depression using a local-to-global multimodal fusion graph neural network.

This study developed an artificial intelligence (AI) system using a local-global multimodal fusion graph neural network (LGMF-GNN) to address the challenge of diagnosing major depressive disorder (MDD), a complex disease influenced by social, psychological, and biological factors. Utilizing functional MRI, structural MRI, and electronic health records, the system offers an objective diagnostic method by integrating individual brain regions and population data. Tested across cohorts from China, Japan, and Russia with 1,182 healthy controls and 1,260 MDD patients from 24 institutions, it achieved a classification accuracy of 78.

SegRap2023: A benchmark of organs-at-risk and gross tumor volume Segmentation for Radiotherapy Planning of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Radiation therapy is a primary and effective treatment strategy for NasoPharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC). The precise delineation of Gross Tumor Volumes (GTVs) and Organs-At-Risk (OARs) is crucial in radiation treatment, directly impacting patient prognosis. Despite that deep learning has achieved remarkable performance on various medical image segmentation tasks, its performance on OARs and GTVs of NPC is still limited, and high-quality benchmark datasets on this task are highly desirable for model development and evaluation.

Airway exposure to lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide particles induces alterations in lung microenvironment and potential kidney and liver damage in mice.

With the increasing use of lithium-ion batteries, the exposure and health effects of lithium nickel manganate cobalt (NMC), a popular cathode material for the battery, have attracted widespread attention. However, the main absorption routes and target organs of NMC are unknown. This study aims to systematically investigate the main absorption routes and target organs of NMC.

Influences of Fermented Corn Straw Fiber on Performance and Nutrient Utilization in Different Breeds of Finishing Pigs.

This study aimed to explore the effects of dietary fiber level and breed on the growth performance, nutrient utilization, intestinal morphology, slaughter performance, and meat quality of finishing pigs using fermented corn straw (FCS) as the fiber source. The experiment employed a 2 × 4 factorial design, selecting 96 Songliao Black (SLB) and Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) crossbred finishing pigs (a total of 192 pigs, with an initial body weight of 60.52 ± 4.

The Stimulator of Interferon Genes Deficiency Attenuates Diabetic Myopathy Through Inhibiting NLRP3-Mediated Pyroptosis.

Background: Diabetic myopathy is characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)-mediated pyroptosis is a type of proinflammatory cell death, which can exacerbate significant muscle cell loss and adverse remodelling. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an essential molecule involved in the regulation of inflammation and immune responses across various diseases.

Identification of Secondary Metabolites by Multi-Omics Methods.

Plant natural products, also known as plant specialized metabolites (SMs) due to their lineage-specific distribution, are small molecules synthesized by plants to adapt to changing environments [...

ameliorates high-fat diet-induced obesity through modulating intestinal serotonin synthesis and lipid absorption in mice.

The consumption of high-fat diets (HFD) and an imbalance in gut microbiome are linked to obesity. However, the intricate connection between them and the underlying mechanisms involved in lipid digestion and absorption remain largely unclear. This study shows that after 12 weeks of HFD feeding, mice exhibit two distinct metabolic phenotypes with significant differences in gut microbiota composition.

Design of a three-frequency Rayleigh lidar for simultaneous temperature and wind measurements.

This study proposes what we believe to be a novel high-spectral-resolution three-frequency Rayleigh lidar for simultaneously measuring middle atmosphere temperature and wind. The temperature and wind could be retrieved without assuming an external reference temperature, as typical for a traditional Rayleigh Doppler lidar. Adopting a similar idea used in sodium temperature/wind lidar, this system alternatively emits laser pulses at three frequencies.

Exonuclease-assisted enrichment and base resolution analysis of pseudouridine in single-stranded RNA.

Pseudouridine (Ψ) is one of the most abundant RNA modifications, playing crucial roles in various biological processes. Identifying Ψ sites is vital for understanding their functions. In this study, we proposed a novel method for identifying Ψ sites with an improved signal-to-noise ratio.

Complement Receptor 1 Is a Potential Extracerebral Factor Promoting α-Synuclein Pathology.

The deposition of pathological α-synuclein (α-Syn) in the central nervous system (CNS) is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Notably, pathological α-Syn exists not only in the CNS but also in peripheral organs and body fluids in PD patients. Emerging evidence has shown the transmission of α-Syn pathology from the body to the brain.

Electro-Spun P(VDF-HFP)/Silica Composite Gel Electrolytes for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries.

This work presents a facile way to fabricate a polymer/ceramics composite gel electrolyte to improve the overall properties of lithium-ion batteries. Lithium salt-grafted silica was synthesized and mixed with P(VDF-HFP) to produce a nanofiber film by the electrostatic spinning method. After coating a layer of SiO onto the surface of nanofibers through a sol-gel method, a composite nanofiber film was obtained.

FLCMC: Federated Learning Approach for Chinese Medicinal Text Classification.

Addressing the privacy protection and data sharing issues in Chinese medical texts, this paper introduces a federated learning approach named FLCMC for Chinese medical text classification. The paper first discusses the data heterogeneity issue in federated language modeling. Then, it proposes two perturbed federated learning algorithms, FedPA and FedPAP, based on the self-attention mechanism.

Enhanced Stability of Melt-Processable Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Manganese Halides for X-Ray Imaging.

Mn-based metal halides scintillators with high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) have recently emerged as promising large-size candidates for X-ray imaging but still remains as difficult challenge in stability and high processing temperatures. Here, three manganese halides are designed by introducing branched chains into organic cations and extending the carbon chains, namely (i-PrTPP)MnBr, (i-BuTPP)MnBr and (i-AmTPP)MnBr, successfully lowered the melting point of manganese halides to 120.2 °C.

Effects of color-flavor association on visual search process for reference pictures on beverage packaging: behavioral, electrophysiological, and causal mechanisms.

The visual search for product packaging involves intricate cognitive processes that are prominently impacted by learned associations derived from extensive long-term experiences. The present research employed EEG technology and manipulated the color display of reference pictures on beverage bottles to explore the underlying neurocognitive pathways. Specifically, we aimed to investigate the influence of color-flavor association strength on the visual processing of such stimuli as well as the in-depth neural mechanisms.

Lysosomal dysfunction in α-synuclein pathology: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.

In orchestrating cell signaling, facilitating plasma membrane repair, supervising protein secretion, managing waste elimination, and regulating energy consumption, lysosomes are indispensable guardians that play a crucial role in preserving intracellular homeostasis. Neurons are terminally differentiated post-mitotic cells. Neuronal function and waste elimination depend on normal lysosomal function.

Roles of cigar microbes in flavor formation during roasted-rice leachate fermentation.

Roasted-rice leachate fermentation, a distinctive local tobacco fermentation method in Sichuan, imparts a mellow flavor and glossy texture to tobacco leaves, along with a roasted rice aroma. In order to find out the impact of roasted-rice leachate on cigar tobacco leaves, the physicochemical properties, volatile flavor profile, and microbial community were investigated. The content of protein significantly decreased after fermentation.

Alkali-Resistant Domestication of and Its Growth Kinetics in Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Solid-Free Drilling Fluids.

Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) provides a novel approach for use in addressing the instabilities of borehole walls comprising broken formations, but the highly alkaline environments of drilling fluids are unfavorable for microbial growth. Therefore, this study investigated the alkali-resistant domestication of commonly used in MICP. Using gradient domestication, was domesticated under different pH conditions (pH 8.