Development and commissioning of a broadband online X-ray spectrometer for the SXFEL Facility.

A broadband online X-ray spectrometer has been designed and commissioned at the SUD beamline of the Shanghai Soft X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility, which can deliver both SASE and seeded FEL pulses to user experiments, spanning the photon energy range of 50-620 eV. The resolving powers of the spectrometer calibrated via online measurement at 92 eV and 249 eV are ∼20000 and ∼15000, respectively, and the absolute photon energy is characterized by an electron time-of-flight spectrometer. The high energy resolution provided by the spectrometer can differentiate the fine structure in the FEL spectrum, to determine its pulse length.

Synthesis and characterization of TiO/hydrochar matrix composites for enhanced ammonia degradation.

This study explores the limitations of TiO as a photocatalyst, focusing on its narrow bandwidth and high electron-hole complexation probabilities that restrict its applications. A novel one-pot synthesis method for TiO/hydrochar matrix composites is presented, with variations achieved through control of hydrothermal temperature, time, and loading concentration. The efficacy of these composites in ammonia removal is investigated, revealing optimal performance for the composite denoted as 3Ti-160-7, synthesized with a titanium salt concentration of 0.

Multi-interfacial bridging engineering of flexible MXene film for efficient electromagnetic shielding and energy conversion.

Accompanied by the progressive development of electronic equipment, excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials display a satisfying prospect in protecting electronic devices against electromagnetic pollution/radiation, while integrating energy conversion. Heretofore, it remains a conundrum to availably construct thin films with multi-interfacial bridging engineering as multifunctional shielding devices. To effectively achieve electromagnetic wave attenuation and integrate energy conversion, a co-mixed vacuum-assisted filtration strategy is designed to synthesize Au@MXene/cellulose nanocrystal/dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid-doped polyaniline (AMCP) films.

Current progress and future perspective of microalgae biomass pretreatment using deep eutectic solvents.

Pretreatment process is considered as the most important step for effective microalgae biomass refining and has gained more interest since last decades. However, the main obstacles to commercialize microalgae products are recalcitrant cell wall and lack of cost-effective, green, and sustainable pretreatment approaches. Till now, various microalgae pretreatment approaches have been applied prior to extraction steps to enhance the accessibility of solvent inside the cells.

Properties of Mixed Crystal Coprecipitation Substances of Ammonium Nitrate and Potassium Perchlorate Prepared by the Evaporative Solvent Method.

Ammonium perchlorate (AP) has been widely used as an oxidizer in propellants and military mixed explosives in recent years. However, its high characteristic signal, environmental pollution, and poor detonation performance have prompted the industry to seek alternatives to AP. Ammonium nitrate (AN) is a suitable substitute due to its low characteristic signal, lack of pollution, and excellent detonation performance.

Design and first-round commissioning result of the SASE beamline at the Shanghai Soft X-ray FEL facility.

The Shanghai Soft X-ray Free-Electron Laser (SXFEL) is the first X-ray free-electron laser facility in China. The SASE beamline, which consists of a pink-beam branch and a mono-beam branch, is one of the two beamlines in the Phase-I construction. The pink-beam branch opened for users in 2023 after successful first-round beamline commissioning.

Noninvasive prediction of perineural invasion in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by clinicoradiological features and computed tomography radiomics based on interpretable machine learning: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: Perineural invasion (PNI) of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a strong independent risk factor for tumour recurrence and long-term patient survival. However, there is a lack of noninvasive tools for accurately predicting the PNI status. The authors develop and validate a combined model incorporating radiomics signature and clinicoradiological features based on machine learning for predicting PNI in ICC, and used the Shapley Additive explanation (SHAP) to visualize the prediction process for clinical application.

CSMOT: Make One-Shot Multi-Object Tracking in Crowded Scenes Great Again.

The current popular one-shot multi-object tracking (MOT) algorithms are dominated by the joint detection and embedding paradigm, which have high inference speeds and accuracy, but their tracking performance is unstable in crowded scenes. Not only does the detection branch have difficulty in obtaining the accurate object position, but the ambiguous appearance of features extracted by the re-identification (re-ID) branch also leads to identity switches. Focusing on the above problems, this paper proposes a more robust MOT algorithm, named CSMOT, based on FairMOT.

Transforming a Toxic Non-Ionizable Drug into an Efficacious Liposome via Ionizable Prodrug and Remote Loading Strategies against Malignant Breast Tumors.

Liposomes (lipos), one of the most successful nanotherapeutics in the clinic, have made a rapid advance over the past few years. However, still, several challenges exist for lipos for clinical practice, such as low drug loading and premature drug leakage during in vivo circulation. Paclitaxel (PTX), a commonly used first-line drug for cancer chemotherapy, was chosen as the model drug.

Density Functional Theory Study of CO Hydrogenation on Transition-Metal-Doped Cu(211) Surfaces.

The massive emission of CO has caused a series of environmental problems, including global warming, which exacerbates natural disasters and human health. Cu-based catalysts have shown great activity in the reduction of CO, but the mechanism of CO activation remains ambiguous. In this work, we performed density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the hydrogenation of CO on Cu(211)-Rh, Cu(211)-Ni, Cu(211)-Co, and Cu(211)-Ru surfaces.

Chilling injury monitoring and intensity identification of dryland maize in Heilongjiang.

Background: Accurate and timely access to large-scale crop damage information provides an essential reference for responding to agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation needs and ensuring food production security. The present study aimed to reveal the new characteristics of low-temperature cold damage to maize in the context of climate warming. Heilongjiang, one of the provinces with the highest latitude, the most significant climate change and the largest maize production in China, was taken as the study area.

Soy Protein Amyloid Fibril Scaffold for Cultivated Meat Application.

It is important to have sustainable and edible scaffolds to produce cultivated meat. In this research, three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds were developed by soy protein amyloid fibrils for cultivated meat applications. Food-safe biological and physical cross-linking methods using microbial transglutaminase and temperature-controlled water vapor annealing technique were employed to crosslink soy protein amyloid fibrils, resulting in the production of 3D scaffolds.

Concomitant posterior anchoring further reduces posterior meniscal extrusion during pullout repair of medial meniscus posterior root tears: a retrospective study.

Purpose: Transtibial pullout repair improves the clinical outcomes of medial meniscus (MM) posterior root tears (PRTs); however, reducing MM extrusion remains challenging. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the role of additional posterior anchoring (PA) during pullout repair in reducing the severity of MM extrusion compared to pullout repair alone.

Methods: Patients who underwent pullout repair with two-cinch stitches (TCS) only or TCS combined with PA (TCS-PA)-deployment of an additional suture anchor in the posteromedial corner of MM-were included retrospectively.

Cellulose Regeneration in Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids and Antisolvent Mixtures: A Density Functional Theory Study.

Cellulose can be dissolved in ionic liquids (ILs), and it can be recovered by adding antisolvent such as water or alcohol. In addition, the regenerated cellulose can be used for textiles, degradable membranes, hydrogels/aerogels, . However, the regenerated mechanism of cellulose remains ambiguous.

Clinical evaluation of suture materials for transtibial pullout repair of medial meniscus posterior root tear.

Background: There are no recommendations for specific suture materials in transtibial pullout repair of medial meniscus posterior root tears. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of transtibial pullout repair of medial meniscus posterior root tears using ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene sutures and suture tape.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 36 patients (27 women and 9 men, mean age 64.

Carbon Emission Factors Identification and Measurement Model Construction for Railway Construction Projects.

Carbon emissions have become a focus of political and academic concern in the global community since the launch of the Kyoto Protocol. As the largest carbon emitter, China has committed to reaching the carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060 in the 75th United Nations High-level Meeting. The transport sector needs to be deeply decarbonized in China to achieve this goal.

The stability of repaired meniscal root can affect postoperative cartilage status following medial meniscus posterior root repair.

Background: Transtibial pullout repair yields beneficial clinical outcomes in patients with medial meniscus (MM) posterior root tear. However, the relationship between repaired meniscal root healing status and postoperative clinical outcomes remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate changes in articular cartilage damage and clinical scores after pullout repair using two simple stitches (TSS).

Seasonal Variations in Voluntary Intake and ApparentDigestibility of Forages by Goats in the Chinese Altai Mountains.

Forage availability and quality directly impact animal performance, ultimately affecting productivity and health. This study aimed to understand the interaction between qualitative and quantitative vegetation availability and feed intake of goats on alpine pastures in the Chinese Altai Mountains. The daily grazing routes of three goats from a local herding family were monitored with GPS devices set at a logging rate of 64 s during spring and the early and late summer season in 2013 and 2014.

CTT: CNN Meets Transformer for Tracking.

Siamese networks are one of the most popular directions in the visual object tracking based on deep learning. In Siamese networks, the feature pyramid network (FPN) and the cross-correlation complete feature fusion and the matching of features extracted from the template and search branch, respectively. However, object tracking should focus on the global and contextual dependencies.

Increased cleft width during knee flexion is useful for the diagnosis of medial meniscus posterior root tears.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate changes in the cleft width, defined as the distance between the lateral edge of the medial tibial plateau and that of the medial meniscus (MM) posterior root, using open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with MM posterior root tear (MMPRT).

Methods: This study included 25 patients (20 women and 5 men; mean age: 65.2 years) who were diagnosed with MMPRT and underwent pullout repair.

Impacts of molybdate and ferric chloride on biohythane production through two-stage anaerobic digestion of sulfate-rich hydrolyzed tofu processing residue.

Biohythane production through one-stage anaerobic digestion of sulfate-rich hydrolyzed tofu processing residue has been hampered by high HS production. Herein, two-stage anaerobic digestion was investigated with the addition of molybdate (MoO; 0.24-3.

Selective Aerobic Oxidation of C-H Bonds Catalyzed by Yeast-Derived Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Oxygen Codoped Carbon Materials.

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and oxygen codoped carbon catalysts were successfully synthesized using dried yeast powder as a pyrolysis precursor. The yeast-derived heteroatom-doped carbon (yeast@C) catalysts exhibited outstanding performance in the oxidation of C-H bonds to ketones and esters, giving excellent product yields (of up to 98% yield) without organic solvents at low O pressure (0.1 MPa).