Buried hole-selective interface engineering for high-efficiency tin-lead perovskite solar cells with enhanced interfacial chemical stability.

Mixed Sn-Pb perovskites are attracting significant attention due to their narrow bandgap and consequent potential for all-perovskite tandem solar cells. However, the conventional hole transport materials can lead to band misalignment or induce degradation at the buried interface of perovskite. Here we designed a self-assembled material 4-(9H-carbozol-9-yl)phenylboronic acid (4PBA) for the surface modification of the substrate as the hole-selective contact.

Establishment of potential lncRNA-related hub genes involved competitive endogenous RNA in lung adenocarcinoma.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a notable role in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. However, the associations between lncRNA-related hub genes (LRHGs) expression and the corresponding outcomes have not been fully understood in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Here, a total of 71 patients diagnosed with LUAD and 60 healthy volunteers at The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University from April, 2023 to December, 2023 were enrolled in the present study.

A deep learning approach for gastroscopic manifestation recognition based on Kyoto Gastritis Score.

Objective: The risk of gastric cancer can be predicted by gastroscopic manifestation recognition and the Kyoto Gastritis Score. This study aims to validate the applicability of AI approaches for recognizing gastroscopic manifestations according to the definition of Kyoto Gastritis Score, with the goal of improving early gastric cancer detection and reducing gastric cancer mortality.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 29013 gastric endoscopy images were collected and carefully annotated into five categories according to the Kyoto Gastritis Score, i.

Out-of-plane coordination of iridium single atoms with organic molecules and cobalt-iron hydroxides to boost oxygen evolution reaction.

Advancements in single-atom-based catalysts are crucial for enhancing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance while reducing precious metal usage. A comprehensive understanding of underlying mechanisms will expedite this progress further. Here we report Ir single atoms coordinated out-of-plane with dimethylimidazole (MI) on CoFe hydroxide (Ir/(Co,Fe)-OH/MI).

Tailoring the d-Band Center of WS by Metal and Nonmetal Dual-Doping for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction.

Tuning the adsorption energy of nitrogen intermediates and lowering the reaction energy barrier is essential to accelerate the kinetics of nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), yet remains a great challenge. Herein, the electronic structure of WS is tailored based on a metal and nonmetal dual-doping strategy (denoted Fe, F-WS) to lower the d-band center of W in order to optimize the adsorption of nitrogen intermediates. The obtained Fe, F-WS nanosheet catalyst presents a high Faradic efficiency (FE) of 22.

Mosaic ablation of pancreatic β cells induces de-differentiation and repetitive proliferation of residual β cells in adult mice.

Diabetes mellitus is induced by quantitative and qualitative decline in pancreatic β cells. Although its radical therapy has not yet been established, β cell regeneration is a promising option. We investigate here two mouse models of β cell regeneration induced after ∼80% reduction in β cell number: Cre/loxP-mediated β cell ablation and partial pancreatectomy.

Operando identification of the oxide path mechanism with different dual-active sites for acidic water oxidation.

The microscopic reaction pathway plays a crucial role in determining the electrochemical performance. However, artificially manipulating the reaction pathway still faces considerable challenges. In this study, we focus on the classical acidic water oxidation based on RuO catalysts, which currently face the issues of low activity and poor stability.

Heterostrain-Induced Zeeman-like Splitting in h-BN-Encapsulated Bilayer WSe.

Heterostrain is predicted to induce exceptionally rich physics in atomically thin two-dimensional structures by modifying the symmetry and optical selection rules. In this work, we introduce heterostrain into WSe bilayers by combining h-BN encapsulation and high-temperature vacuum annealing. Nonvolatile heterostrain gives rise to a Zeeman-like splitting associated with the elliptically polarized optical emission of interlayer K-K excitons.

miR-142-3p alleviates neuronal apoptosis in Parkinson's disease via negatively regulating C9orf72.

Although microRNA (miRNA) have important clinical prospects in the early diagnosis and treatment of PD, the functions and mechanisms of miRNAs in PD models remain poorly defined. In this study, we screened 9 miRNAs that differently expressed in PD patients and found that miR-142-3p expression was downregulated in both animal and cell models of PD. We showed that overexpression of miR-142-3p significantly alleviates the neuronal damage induced by MPP, while knockdown of miR-142-3p exacerbates the neuronal damage caused by MPP.

Effects of Vergence Eye Movement Planning on Size Perception and Early Visual Processing.

Our perception of objects depends on non-oculomotor depth cues, such as pictorial distance cues and binocular disparity, and oculomotor depth cues, such as vergence and accommodation. Although vergence eye movements are always involved in perceiving real distance, previous studies have mainly focused on the effect of oculomotor state via "proprioception" on distance and size perception. It remains unclear whether the oculomotor command of vergence eye movement would also influence visual processing.

Attention spotlight in V1-based cortico-cortical interactions in human visual hierarchy.

Attention is often viewed as a mental spotlight, which can be scaled like a zoom lens at specific spatial locations and features a center-surround gradient. Here, we demonstrate a neural signature of attention spotlight in signal transmission along the visual hierarchy. fMRI background connectivity analysis was performed between retinotopic V1 and downstream areas to characterize the spatial distribution of inter-areal interaction under two attentional states.

Whole-transcriptome sequencing of phagocytes reveals a ceRNA network contributing to natural resistance to tuberculosis infection.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major fatal infectious disease globally, exhibiting high morbidity rates and impacting public health and other socio-economic factors. However, some individuals are resistant to TB infection and are referred to as "Resisters". Resisters remain uninfected even after exposure to high load of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb).

Potential coupling of microbial methane, nitrogen, and sulphur cycling in the Okinawa Trough cold seep sediments.

The Okinawa Trough (OT) is a back-arc basin with a wide distribution of active cold seep systems. However, our understanding of the metabolic function of microbial communities in the cold seep sediments of the OT remains limited. In this study, we investigated the vertical profiles of functional genes involved in methane, nitrogen, and sulphur cycling in the cold seep sediments of the OT.

Unveiling the ventral morphology of a rare early Cambrian great appendage arthropod from the Chengjiang biota of China.

Background: The early Cambrian arthropod clade Megacheira, also referred to as great appendage arthropods, comprised a group of diminutive and elongated predators during the early Palaeozoic era, around 518 million years ago. In addition to those identified in the mid-Cambrian Burgess Shale biota, numerous species are documented in the renowned 518-million-year-old Chengjiang biota of South China. Notably, one species, Tanglangia longicaudata, has remained inadequately understood due to limited available material and technological constraints.

Regulating the frontier orbital of iron phthalocyanine with nitrogen doped carbon nanosheets for improving oxygen reduction activity.

Iron phthalocyanine (FePc) has attracted widespread attention for its tunable electronic structure. However, the Fe-N sites suffer from undesirable oxygen reduction activity due to the symmetric geometries. A suitable substrate was thus needed to induce electron redistribution around Fe-N to improve the activity.

Improving the diagnosis of active tuberculosis: a novel approach using magnetic particle-based chemiluminescence LAM assay.

Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health concern, given its high rates of morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis using urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) primarily benefits HIV co-infected TB patients with low CD4 counts. The focus of this study was to develop an ultra-sensitive LAM assay intended for diagnosing tuberculosis across a wider spectrum of TB patients.

Evaluation of Sulfasalazine as an Adjunctive Therapy in Treating Pulmonary Pre-XDR-TB: Efficacy, Safety, and Treatment Implication.

Background: The rising prevalence and limited efficacy of treatments for pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (pre-XDR-TB) underscore an immediate need for innovative therapeutic options. A combination of host-directed therapy (HDT) and anti-TB treatment presents a viable alternative for pre-XDR-TB management. Sulfasalazine (SASP), by targeting the amino acid transport system xc (xCT), potentially reduces the intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis load and mitigates lung pathology, positioning it as a promising TB HDT agent.

Profiles of visual perceptual learning in feature space.

Visual perceptual learning (VPL), experience-induced gains in discriminating visual features, has been studied extensively and intensively for many years, its profile in feature space, however, remains unclear. Here, human subjects were trained to perform either a simple low-level feature (grating orientation) or a complex high-level object (face view) discrimination task over a long-time course. During, immediately after, and one month after training, all results showed that in feature space VPL in grating orientation discrimination was a center-surround profile; VPL in face view discrimination, however, was a monotonic gradient profile.

Corrigendum: Targeting HER3 to overcome RGFR TKI resistance in NSCLC.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.