Can Machine Learning Models Based on Computed Tomography Radiomics and Clinical Characteristics Provide Diagnostic Value for Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Gastric Cancer?

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore whether machine learning model based on computed tomography (CT) radiomics and clinical characteristics can differentiate Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) from non-EBVaGC.

Methods: Contrast-enhanced CT images were collected from 158 patients with GC (46 EBV-positive, 112 EBV-negative) between April 2018 and February 2023. Radiomics features were extracted from the volumes of interest.

Radiomics nomogram based on optimal VOI of multi-sequence MRI for predicting microvascular invasion in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective: Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a significant adverse prognostic indicator of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and affects the selection of individualized treatment regimens. This study sought to establish a radiomics nomogram based on the optimal VOI of multi-sequence MRI for predicting MVI in ICC tumors.

Methods: 160 single ICC lesions with MRI scanning confirmed by postoperative pathology were randomly separated into training and validation cohorts (TC and VC).

The assessment of pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients with DCE-MRI and DWI: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced-MRI (DCE-MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in evaluating the pathological response of muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), and further indirectly compare the diagnostic performance of DCE-MRI and DWI.

Methods: Literatures associated to DCE-MRI and DWI in the evaluation of pathological response of MIBC to NAC were searched from PubMed, Cochrane Library, web of science, and EMBASE databases. The quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies 2 tool was used to assess the quality of studies.

Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features predict microvascular invasion in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Introduction: Clinical features and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-related data are commonly employed in clinical settings and can be used to predict the microvascular invasion (MVI) status of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) patients.

Aim: To generate a clinical and MRI-based model capable of predicting the MVI status of ICC patients.

Material And Methods: Consecutive ICC patients evaluated from June 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively enrolled in a training group to establish a predictive clinical MRI model.

A Multi-Parametric Radiomics Nomogram for Preoperative Prediction of Microvascular Invasion Status in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary liver cancer with increasing incidence in the last decades. Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a poor prognostic factor for patients with ICC, which correlates early recurrence and poor prognosis, and it can affect the selection of personalized therapeutic regime.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate a radiomics-based nomogram for predicting MVI in ICC patients preoperatively.

Clinical-radiological predictive model in differential diagnosis of small (≤ 20 mm) solitary pulmonary nodules.

Background: There is a lack of clinical-radiological predictive models for the small (≤ 20 mm) solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). We aim to establish a clinical-radiological predictive model for differentiating malignant and benign small SPNs.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2013 and December 2018, a retrospective cohort of 250 patients with small SPNs was used to construct the predictive model.

Ablation versus laparoscopic adrenalectomy for the treatment of aldosterone‑producing adenoma: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: To assess the relative clinical efficacy and safety of ablation and laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) for the treatment of adrenal aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA).

Materials And Methods: Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant studies, while the meta-analysis was performed with RevMan v5.3.

MRI features predict microvascular invasion in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: The presence of microvascular invasion (MVI) in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a significant adverse prognostic factor. This study sought to investigate the correlation between preoperative imaging parameters and MVI in ICC.

Methods: A total of 108 patients with surgically resected single ICC tumors (34 MVI-positive and 74 MVI-negative lesions) who underwent MRI examination, including T1WI, T2WI, DWI, and dynamic enhancement imaging, were enrolled in this retrospective study.

Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: which preoperative clinical data and conventional MRI characteristics have value for the prediction of microvascular invasion and clinical significance?

Objectives: To explore which preoperative clinical data and conventional MRI findings may indicate microvascular invasion (MVI) of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) and have clinical significance.

Methods: The study enrolled 113 patients with histopathologically confirmed cHCC-CCA (MVI-positive group [n = 56], MVI-negative group [n = 57]). Two radiologists retrospectively assessed the preoperative MRI features (qualitative analysis of morphology and dynamic enhancement features), and each lesion was assigned according to the LI-RADS.

Inferior vena cava obstruction in Budd-Chiari syndrome: a comparative study of rapid quantitative phase-contrast MRI and MRV.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze inferior vena cava (IVC) obstruction in Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) using rapid quantitative phase-contrast (PC) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and compare the diagnostic efficacy of PC and MR venography (MRV) to explore the clinical prospects of applying PC quantitative diagnosis in IVC obstruction in BCS.

Materials And Methods: PC quantitative data and MRV qualitative data obtained in 35 DSA-recognized inferior vena cava obstruction in BCS patients and 35 patients with liver focal lesions found in physical examination were analyzed and compared.

Results: The areas under the ROC curve for diagnostic parameters related to PC quantitative parameters, including stroke volume, forward flow volume, absolute stroke volume, mean flux, stroke distance, mean velocity (MV), and peak velocity, were 0.

HO-1 attenuates hippocampal neurons injury via the activation of BDNF-TrkB-PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in stroke.

Although recent studies have found that HO-1 plays an important role in neuronal survival, little is known about the precise mechanisms occurring during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective mechanisms of HO-1 against ischemic brain injury induced by cerebral I/R and to explore whether the BDNF-TrkB-PI3K/Akt signaling pathway contributed to the protection provided by HO-1. Over-expressed HO-1 plasmids were employed to induce the overexpression of HO-1 through hippocampi CA1 injection 5 days before the cerebral I/R animal model was induced by four-vessel occlusion for 15 min transient ischemia and followed by reperfusion in Sprague-Dawley rats.

[Clinical manifestations and neuroimaging characteristics of children with moyamoya disease].

Objective: To study the clinical manifestations and neuroimaging characteristics of pediatric moyamoya disease.

Methods: The clinical data of 17 children with moyamoya disease were retrospectively studied.

Results: The onset age was between 3 and 14 years.