Zearalenone degrading enzyme evolution to increase the hydrolysis efficiency under acidic conditions by the rational design.

Based on rational design, zearalenone degrading enzyme was evolved to improve the hydrolysis efficiency under acidic conditions. At pH 4.2 and 37 °C, the activity of the zearalenone degrading enzyme evolved with 8 mutation sites increased from 7.

Preparation and application of biocontrol formulation of nematode-trapping fungus-Duddingtonia flagrans.

The use of nematophagous fungi as a biological control strategy for parasitic gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) in livestock holds promise as an innovative alternative approach. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a lyophilized Duddingtonia flagrans preparation, utilized in association with the anthelmintics ivermectin or albendazole, to control GINs in Tibetan sheep on a farm based in Qinghai Province. The experimental design included five groups: D.

Quantitative label-free proteomic analysis of excretory-secretory proteins in different developmental stages of Trichinella spiralis.

Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) is a zoonotic parasitic nematode with a unique life cycle, as all developmental stages are contained within a single host. Excretory-secretory (ES) proteins are the main targets of the interactions between T.

Immunosuppressive Ability of Trichinella spiralis Adults Can Ameliorate Type 2 Inflammation in a Murine Allergy Model.

Background: There is an increase in the global incidence of allergies. The hygiene hypothesis and the old friend hypothesis reveal that helminths are associated with the prevalence of allergic diseases. The therapeutic potential of Trichinella spiralis is recognized; however, the stage at which it exerts its immunomodulatory effect is unclear.

Identification of antigens in the Trichinella spiralis extracellular vesicles for serological detection of early stage infection in swine.

Background: Several studies have reported the roles of Trichinella spiralis extracellular vesicles in immune regulation and pathogen diagnosis. Currently, the T. spiralis muscle larvae excretory/secretory product (Ts-ML-ES) is the antigen recommended by the International Commission on Trichinellosis (ICT) for serological diagnosis of trichinellosis.

Trichinella spiralis excretory/secretory products from adult worms inhibit NETosis and regulate the production of cytokines from neutrophils.

Upon encountering exogenous pathogens, polymorphonucleocytes (PMNs) engage in various processes to destroy them, including releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that trap pathogens and induce phagocytosis and cytokine production. Parasites have unique strategies with which to evade the host's immune response. However, the strategy employed by Trichinella spiralis in response to the reaction of PMNs has yet to be elucidated.

Green Synthesis of the Flavor Esters with a Marine Esterase Expressed in .

The green synthesis of the flavor esters, -propyl acetate, isobutyl acetate and isoamyl acetate had the advantages over the chemical synthesis. The esterase from could transform -propanol, isobutanol and isoamyl alcohol into -propyl acetate, isobutyl acetate and isoamyl acetate, respectively. The esterase was expressed in .

Functional Analysis of a Glutamine Biosynthesis Protein from a Psychrotrophic Bacterium, GCJ02.

A putative glutamine synthetase (GS) was detected in a psychrophilic bacterium, GCJ02. For gaining greater insight into its functioning, the gene was cloned and expressed in a heterologous host, . The monomer enzyme with a molecular weight of 53.

Tandem integration of aerobic fungal cellulase production, lignocellulose substrate saccharification and anaerobic ethanol fermentation by a modified gas lift bioreactor.

Cellulase production, lignocellulose saccharification and bioethanol fermentation were integrated to efficiently produce bioethanol. A modified gas lift bioreactor was developed for bioethanol production by the integrated process. Cellulase production was achieved using Aspergillus niger mycelia immobilized within the reactor in wire meshes, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells were immobilized in resin beads.