Broadband Negative Photoconductive Response in Carbon Nanodots.

Due to the broadband response and low selectivity of external light, negative photoconductivity (NPC) effect holds great potential applications in photoelectric devices. Herein, different photoresponsive carbon nanodots (CDs) are prepared from diverse precursors and the broadband response from the NPC CDs are utilized to achieve the optoelectronic logic gates and optical imaging for the first time. In detail, the mcu-CDs which are prepared by the microwave-assisted polymerization of citric acid and urea possess the large specific surface area and abundant hydrophilic groups as sites for the adsorption of HO molecules and thereby present a high conductivity in dark.

Interface Modulation for the Heterointegration of Diamond on Si.

Along with the increasing integration density and decreased feature size of current semiconductor technology, heterointegration of the Si-based devices with diamond has acted as a promising strategy to relieve the existing heat dissipation problem. As one of the heterointegration methods, the microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) method is utilized to synthesize large-scale diamond films on a Si substrate, while distinct structures appear at the Si-diamond interface. Investigation of the formation mechanisms and modulation strategies of the interface is crucial to optimize the heat dissipation behaviors.

Centimeter-sized diamond composites with high electrical conductivity and hardness.

Achieving high-performance materials with superior mechanical properties and electrical conductivity, especially in large-sized bulk forms, has always been the goal. However, it remains a grand challenge due to the inherent trade-off between these properties. Herein, by employing nanodiamonds as precursors, centimeter-sized diamond/graphene composites were synthesized under moderate pressure and temperature conditions (12 GPa and 1,300 to 1,500 °C), and the composites consisted of ultrafine diamond grains and few-layer graphene domains interconnected through covalently bonded interfaces.

Self-Catalyzed Hydrogenated Carbon Nano-Onions Facilitates Mild Synthesis of Transparent Nano-Polycrystalline Diamond.

Transparent nano-polycrystalline diamond (t-NPD) possesses superior mechanical properties compared to single and traditional polycrystalline diamonds. However, the harsh synthetic conditions significantly limit its synthesis and applications. In this study, a synthesis routine is presented for t-NPD under low pressure and low temperature conditions, 10 GPa, 1600 °C and 15 GPa, 1350 °C similar with the synthesis condition of organic precursor.

A Historical Review of Collaborative Learning and Cooperative Learning.

Collaborative learning and cooperative learning are two separate approaches developed independently by two groups of scholars around the same period of time in the 1960 and 1970 s. Due to their different origins and intertwined paths of development, they have their own distinct features while sharing many similarities. The relationship between collaborative learning and cooperative learning can be confusing.

Pentaheptite diamond: a new carbon allotrope.

The search for-hybridized carbon allotropes other than diamond has attracted extensive interest because of their fascinating properties. In this paper, an orthorhombic carbon phase inbonding, named pentaheptite diamond, by combining the particle swarm optimization method with first-principles calculations has been predicted. The phonon spectra, total energy and elastic constants calculations of the pentaheptite diamond confirm its dynamical, thermal and mechanical stability at zero pressure, respectively.

An electrically conductive and ferromagnetic nano-structure manganese mono-boride with high Vickers hardness.

The combination of various desired physical properties greatly extends the applicability of materials. Magnetic materials are generally mechanically soft, yet the combination of high mechanical hardness and ferromagnetic properties is highly sought after. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline manganese boride, CrB-type MnB, using the high-pressure and high-temperature method in a large volume press.

Humidity Sensors Realized via Negative Photoconductivity Effect in Nanodiamonds.

Herein, the negative photoconductivity (NPC) effect has been observed in nanodiamonds (NDs) for the first time, and with illumination under a 660 nm laser lamp, the conductivity of the NDs decreases significantly. The NPC effect has been attributed to the trapping of carriers by the absorbed water molecules on the ND surfaces. A humidity sensor has been constructed based on the NPC effect of the NDs, and the sensitivity of the sensor can reach 10%, which is the highest value ever reported for carbon-based humidity sensors.

Monoamine Oxidase A is a Major Mediator of Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Glycolysis in Gastric Cancer Progression.

Objective: Monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) is a mitochondrial protein involved in tumourigenesis in different types of cancer. However, the biological function of MAO-A in gastric cancer development remains unknown.

Methods: We examined MAO-A expression in gastric cancer tissues and in gastric cancer cell lines by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses.

CSNK2A1 Promotes Gastric Cancer Invasion Through the PI3K-Akt-mTOR Signaling Pathway.

Objective: Casein kinase 2 a1 (CSNK2A1) has been shown to be involved in tumorigenesis by enhancing several oncogenic signaling pathways in various cancers. However, the function and mechanism of CSNK2A1 in gastric cancer remain unclear, and this study aimed to elucidate the role of CSNK2A1 in gastric cancer.

Methods: CSNK2A1 expression was assessed by Western blot and qPCR in four gastric cancer (GC) cell lines and one normal gastric epithelial cell line.

Design and understanding of core/branch-structured VS nanosheets@CNTs as high-performance anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

Revealing the electrochemical property-structure relationship and observing the dynamic structural evolution of electrode materials are critically important for battery performance improvement and the corresponding mechanistic understanding. Here, highly crystalline VS nanosheets/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with a core/branch structure were synthesized, exhibiting reversible discharge capacity of ∼850 mA h g at 200 mA g, high coulombic efficiency of ∼98%, good cycling stability and superior rate capability. The relationship between the electrochemical properties and the corresponding dynamic microstructural evolution was further revealed with the in situ electron microscopy technique.

Novel Superhard sp^{3} Carbon Allotrope from Cold-Compressed C_{70} Peapods.

Design and synthesis of new carbon allotropes have always been important topics in condensed matter physics and materials science. Here we report a new carbon allotrope, formed from cold-compressed C_{70} peapods, which most likely can be identified with a fully sp^{3}-bonded monoclinic structure, here named V carbon, predicted from our simulation. The simulated x-ray diffraction pattern, near K-edge spectroscopy, and phonon spectrum agree well with our experimental data.

Association between the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8 and the prognosis of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.

The present study aimed to investigate the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8) in gastric adenocarcinoma. TNFAIP8 expression levels in gastric adenocarcinoma tissue samples (with and without lymph node metastasis), adjacent normal tissue samples and metastatic lymph node tissue samples were detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between TNFAIP8 expression levels and clinicopathological data and gastric adenocarcinoma prognosis was analyzed.

Circulating microRNA-125b and microRNA-130a expression profiles predict chemoresistance to R-CHOP in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients.

Numerous studies have reported the aberrant expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), although very few of these studies were concerned with chemoresistance to R-CHOP in DLBCL patients. This study was designed to assess the correlation between circulating miRNA expression and chemoresistance and prognosis in DLBCL patients. At the start of the study, we demonstrated that miRNA expression levels in serum were significantly associated with those in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, which indicated that circulating miRNAs may be powerful, non-invasive biomarkers reflecting miRNAs levels isolated from tumor tissue.

Unexpected photoluminescence properties from one-dimensional molecular chains.

Unlike bulk iodine, iodine molecular chains formed inside one dimensional (1D) nanochannels of AlPO4-5 (AFI) single crystals show unexpected PL behavior. Thanks to its unique 1D structure, the PL exhibits obvious polarization both in excitation and emission, by changing the angle between the c-axis of the channels and the polarization direction of the incident laser. As pressure increases, the PL intensity increases obviously due to the population increase of (I2)n chains upon compression.

Tailoring Building Blocks and Their Boundary Interaction for the Creation of New, Potentially Superhard, Carbon Materials.

A strategy for preparing hybrid carbon structures with amorphous carbon clusters as hard building blocks by compressing a series of predesigned two-component fullerides is presented. In such constructed structures the building blocks and their boundaries can be tuned by changing the starting components, providing a way for the creation of new hard/superhard materials with desirable properties.

CIZ1 regulates the proliferation, cycle distribution and colony formation of RKO human colorectal cancer cells.

Cip1-interacting zinc finger protein 1 (CIZ1) is a nuclear protein that was observed to bind to p21Cip1/Waf1. p21Cip1/Waf1 regulates the cell cycle and is associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. However, the effect of CIZ1 on CRC cells remains unclear.

Ligustrazine as a salvage agent for patients with relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Background: The prognosis is poor for patients with relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The main reason for poor prognosis is multidrug resistance (MDR), for which the main phenotype is overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). This study explored the efficacy of ligustrazine as a salvage agent in patients with relapsed or refractory NHL, and the relationship to P-gp expression.

[Low dose-intensity docetaxel monotherapy for patients with anthracycline-resistant metastatic breast cancer in poor physical status].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a weekly schedule of low dose-intensity docetaxel monochemotherapy for patients with anthracycline-resistant metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in poor physical status.

Methods: Thirty MBC patients who were previously exposed to anthracycline treatment received docetaxel alone at a dose of 30 mg/m2 on D1, D8 and D15, repeated every 4 weeks for a maximum of 6 cycles.

Results: Of the 30 evaluable patients, 2 (6.

Biweekly oxaliplatin in combination with continuous infusional 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin (modified FOLFOX-4 regimen) as first-line chemotherapy for elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the toxicity and the clinical activity of biweekly oxaliplatin (OXA) in combination with continuous infusional 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) administered every 2 weeks (modified FOLFOX-4 regimen) in elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC).

Patients And Methods: A total of 44 previously untreated AGC patients aged 65 or older were treated with OXA 85 mg m-2 on day 1, LV 200 mg m-2 as a 2-hour infusion followed by a 22-hour infusion of 5-FU 1000 mg m using a multichannel programmable pump, repeated for 2 consecutive days every 2 weeks.

Results: All patients were assessable for toxicity and 40 patients for response.

[Relationship between endostatin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expressions on bone marrow stromal cells in BMT-mice].

This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between endostatin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expressions on bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) in mice after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and effect of ligustrazine on their expressions. The mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal group (without treatment), saline group (control of BMT) and ligustrazine group (BMT + ligustrazine). BMT mouse models were established.

[Correlation of expression levels of multidrug resistance gene 1 (mdr1) mRNA, multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), amd P-glycoprotein (P-gp) with chemotherapy efficacy in malignant lymphomas].

Objective: To explore the correlation of chemotherapy efficacy in malignant lymphomas with the expression level of multidrug resistance gene 1 (mdr1) mRNA, multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), and P-glycoprotein (P-gp).

Methods: Using the methods of semi quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometry (FCM), a prospective research was performed to detect the expression levels of molrl gene, MRP gene, and p-gp in the lymph nodes of 23 untreated first visit (HD1, NHL 22) and 23 recurrent (HD 5, NHL 18) lymphoma patients. Eight normal human lymph nooles were used as controls.