Relationship between the microRNAs and PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis: Focus on non-small cell lung cancer.

Lung cancer (LC) is one of the significant causes of mortality worldwide. It has been reported that several factors, including late diagnosis, cancer recurrence, lack of access to effective treatments, and especially chemo-resistance, negatively impact the clinical outcome of the available therapeutic regimens. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding small RNAs, which have been demonstrated to be involved in different aspects of cancer pathogenesis, some of which are known as tumor suppressors, and others may have a role in cancer development or progression.