Co-culture of natural killer cells and tumor spheroids on a heterogeneous multilayer paper stack.

Multilayer paper-based cell culture, as an in vitro three-dimensional (3D) cell culture method, has been frequently used to research drug bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy, and dose-limiting toxicity in malignant tumors. This paper proposes a heterogenous multilayer paper stacking co-culture system to establish a model of natural killer (NK) cells moving through the endothelium layer and attacking tumor spheroids. This system consists of three layers: a bottom tumor-spheroid layer, a middle invasion layer, and a top endothelium layer.

Research progress of mitochondria and cytoskeleton crosstalk in tumour development.

During tumour progression, organelle function undergoes dramatic changes, and crosstalk among organelles plays a significant role. Crosstalk between mitochondria and other organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum and cytoskeleton has focussed attention on the mechanisms of tumourigenesis. This review demonstrates an overview of the molecular structure of the mitochondrial-cytoskeletal junction and its biological interactions.

Xanthan gum/ZrMOF biodegradable gel fertilizer: Sustainable water retention and crop growth.

To address the problems of ecological pollution and food safety caused by the excessive use of chemical fertilizers in modern agriculture, it has become a hot topic of current research to develop novel low-cost, biodegradable, and efficient gel slow-release fertilizers. Herein, using xanthan gum and ZrMOF as raw materials, urea as a nutrient, acrylic acid and itaconic acid as co-monomers, a novel ZrMOF gel slow-release fertilizer (ZrMOF@CpM) was prepared by free radical copolymerization. After being characterized, its swelling and water retention properties and slow-release behavior were investigated.

Dietary Erucic Acid Induces Fat Accumulation, Hepatic Oxidative Damage, and Abnormal Lipid Metabolism in Nile Tilapia ().

Erucic acid (EA) in rapeseed oil has adverse effects on terrestrial animal and fish health. However, its antinutritional role in fish remains unclear due to the limited information on EA. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the impact of EA on growth performance, antioxidative capacity, fatty acid profile, and lipid metabolism in tilapia.

Environmental triggers and future risk of developing autoimmune diseases: Molecular mechanism and network toxicology analysis of bisphenol A.

Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical compound in plastics and resins, widely exist in people's production and life which have great potential to damage human and animal health. It has been proved that BPA could affect human immune function and promote the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases (ADs). However, the mechanism and pathophysiology remain unknown.

A pump-free microfluidic co-culture system for investigating NK cell-tumor spheroid interactions in flow conditions.

Natural killer (NK) cells are pivotal in immunotherapy due to their potent tumor-targeting capabilities. However, accessible in vitro 3D dynamic models for evaluating Tumor Infiltrating Natural Killer Cells (TINKs) remain scarce. This study addresses this gap by developing a novel pump-free microfluidic chip to investigate the interactions between NK-92 cells and prostate DU 145 tumor spheroids.

Structural characteristics of plankton community in Dongting Lake and its relationship with water environmental factors.

The plankton community structure and environmental factors in Dongting Lake were investigated during four seasons from September 2020 to August 2021. The results revealed 147 species from 58 genera and 7 phyla of phytoplankton and 84 species from 56 genera and 4 phyla of zooplankton in Dongting Lake. The characteristics of plankton communities varied with time and space.

Pilot-scale process development for recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) production based on high-density Sf9 cell culture.

Background: In recent years, gene therapy drugs have been widely marketed, and their effectiveness and potential have been confirmed. Thus, increasing their production on an industrial scale is critical. Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) are optimal vectors for gene therapy applications, and the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS), which is based on Sf9 cell culture, is a common tool for rAAV production.

Single Amine or Guanidine Modification on Norvancomycin and Vancomycin to Overcome Multidrug-Resistance through Augmented Lipid II Binding and Increased Membrane Activity.

Vancomycin and norvancomycin have diminished antibacterial efficacy due to acquired or intrinsic resistance from mutations in the terminal dipeptide of lipid II in Gram-positive bacteria or failure to penetrate into the periplasm in Gram-negative bacteria. Herein, we rationally designed and synthesized a series of vancomycin analogues bearing single amine or guanidine functionality, altering various linkers and modification sites, to combat the resistance. Extensive antibacterial screening was performed to delineate a comprehensive SAR.

Non-classical event-related potentials reveal attention network alteration in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Objective: To explore the characteristic changes of multiple ERP components associated with attention impairments in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).

Methods: A total of 92 patients diagnosed with TLE at Xiangya Hospital during May 2022 and January 2023 and 85 healthy controls were included in this study. Participants were asked to complete attention network test with recording of electroencephalogram.

Incidence of Congenital Posterior Arch Defects of the Atlas in Chinese Population.

Objective: To study the incidence of congenital posterior arch defects of the atlas and in combination with other congenital variations in the Chinese population.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1405 images of cervical 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) and 1284 images of head and cervical 3-dimensional computed tomography angiography (3D CTA), including images of 1539 male and 1150 female individuals. These images of cervical 3D CT and head and cervical 3D CTA were obtained in the Department of Radiology of 2 hospitals, Second and Third People's Hospital of Jingzhou, China, from January 2020 to October 2023.

Ketogenic β-hydroxybutyrate regulates β-hydroxybutyrylation of TCA cycle-associated enzymes and attenuates disease-associated pathologies in Alzheimer's mice.

Lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) is a post-translational modification that has recently been found to regulate protein functions. However, whether and how protein Kbhb modification participates in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unknown. Herein, we carried out 4D label-free β-hydroxybutylation quantitative proteomics using brain samples of 8-month-old and 2-month-old APP/PS1 AD model mice and wild-type (WT) controls.

The Activation of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors Protects against Neuroinflammation in a Mouse Model through Attenuating Microglial Inflammation.

Neuroinflammation is a critical factor that contributes to neurological impairment and is closely associated with the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. In the central nervous system (CNS), microglia play a pivotal role in the regulation of inflammation through various signaling pathways. Therefore, mitigating microglial inflammation is considered a promising strategy for restraining neuroinflammation.

Visible-Light-Triggered Radical-Addition/Ring-Opening Cascade Reactions of 2-Indazoles to Access -Alkoxycarbonylated Azobenzenes.

A series of asymmetric azobenzenes have been synthesized by radical-addition/ring-opening cascade reactions from 2-indazole in the presence of PIFA and alcohols under blue light irradiation and nitrogen protection. Furthermore, a wide range of functional groups were tolerated and the corresponding products were obtained in 30% to 95% isolated yields. The protocol is characterized by its visible-light initiation, avoidance of metals and photocatalysts, mild reaction conditions, and may find potential use in materials science and medicinal chemistry.

Activation of the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and reducing inflammation.

Background: Numerous diseases-related acute lung injury (ALI) contributed to high mortality. Currently, the therapeutic effect of ALI was still poor. The detailed mechanism of ALI remained elusive and this study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of ALI.

Genetically modified mesenchymal stromal cells: a cell-based therapy offering more efficient repair after myocardial infarction.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a serious complication of coronary artery disease. This condition is common worldwide and has a profound impact on patients' lives and quality of life. Despite significant advances in the treatment of heart disease in modern medicine, the efficient treatment of MI still faces a number of challenges.

Effects of romosozumab combined with routine therapy on pain relief, disease progression and adverse reactions in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) increases fracture risk in women. Though traditional treatments are slow to act, combining romosozumab with conventional therapy shows promise. Despite its growing use, studies on effectiveness are limited.

Bioinspired Collagen Scaffold Loaded with bFGF-Overexpressing Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Accelerating Diabetic Skin Wound Healing via HIF-1 Signal Pathway Regulated Neovascularization.

The healing of severe chronic skin wounds in chronic diabetic patients is still a huge clinical challenge due to complex regeneration processes and control signals. Therefore, a single approach is difficult in obtaining satisfactory therapeutic efficacy for severe diabetic skin wounds. In this study, we adopted a composite strategy for diabetic skin wound healing.

A Host-Guest Approach to Engineering Oxidase-Mimetic Assembly with Substrate Selectivity and Dynamic Catalysis.

The creation of synthetic materials that emulate the complexity of natural systems, such as enzymes, remains a challenge in biomimicry. Here, we present a simple yet effective strategy to introduce substrate selectivity and dynamic responsiveness into an enzyme-mimetic supramolecular material. We achieved this by anchoring γ-cyclodextrin to a fluorene-modified Lys/Cu assembly, which mimics copper-dependent oxidase.

A new photoionization-induced substitution reaction chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for highly sensitive detection of trace exhaled ethylene.

Highly sensitive and rapid detection of ethylene, the smallest alkene of great significance in human physiological metabolism remains a great challenge. In this study, we developed a new photoionization-induced substitution reaction chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PSCI-TOFMS) for trace exhaled ethylene detection. An intriguing ionization phenomenon involving a substitution reaction between the CHBr reactant ion and ethylene molecule was discovered and studied for the first time.