[Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Methane, Carbon Dioxide, and Nitrous Oxide Concentrations and the Influencing Factors in Small Aquaculture Pond].

As an important source of greenhouse gases, the changes in greenhouse gas concentrations of aquaculture ponds are not only the basis for accurate quantification of greenhouse gases emissions but are also important for identifying their influencing factors. The spatial and temporal variation characteristics of CH, CO, and NO concentrations and the influencing factors in a typical small aquaculture pond in the Yangtze River Delta were analyzed based on the headspace equilibrium-gas chromatograph method. Except in spring, the concentrations of CH, and NO appeared high at noon or afternoon and were influenced by water temperature.

[Effects of chamber characteristics on CO and CH flux at the water-air interface measured by the chamber method].

The chamber method is widely used to measure CO and CH flux in inland water. However, the designs of chamber used in various studies are different and lack unified standards, which would affect the observation results. To clarify the impacts of chamber characteristics, including light transmittance, air pressure difference inside and outside the chamber, and gas mixing degree in the chamber, on CO and CH flux measurements at the water-air interface, we compared the effects of transparent/opaque chamber, the chamber with/without air pressure equalizing device and fan on CO and CH flux measurements in the aquaculture pond, based on the multi-channel closed dynamic chamber system.

[CH Emissions Characteristics and Its Influencing Factors in an Eutrophic Lake].

In order to identify methane (CH) diffusion emissions characteristics and their impact factors in an eutrophic lake, CH flux across the lake-air interface was observed in Meiliang Bay and the central zone of Lake Taihu over one year. The relationships between CH flux and environmental factors and water quality indices were analyzed. The results indicated that the annual mean CH diffusion flux in the eutrophic zone was significantly higher than that in the central zone, which were 0.

Imbalance of T-helper 1/T-helper 2 cytokines and impaired glucose tolerance among patient with acute coronary syndrome.

Purpose: The balance between T helper (Th) cells Th1- and Th2-related cytokines plays a key role in the clinical process of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). The objective of this study was to assess the status of Th1/Th2 cytokines in patients with ACS and T2D or IGT.

Methods: A total of 201 ACS patients were enrolled in the study.

[Quantification of Methane Ebullition Flux from Small Ponds Using the Inverted-Funnel Method].

To quantify the ratio of CH ebullition to total flux in subtropical shallow ponds, the CH flux at the water-air interface was measured using the inverted-funnel and water equilibrium methods in two small ponds in Quanjiao, Anhui Province from July 28 to August 13, 2016. The average CH ebullition fluxes were 121.78 and 161.

Assessment of liver fibrosis using T1 mapping on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance.

Background: Few studies have investigated the value of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced T1 mapping in exact fibrosis staging, especially its correlation with hepatic molecular transporters.

Aims: To investigate the diagnostic value of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced T1 mapping in staging liver fibrosis and its relationship with hepatic molecular transporters.

Methods: Thirty rats were divided into the carbon tetrachloride-induced fibrosis groups and a control group.

Diffusion kurtosis imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging in assessment of liver fibrosis stage and necroinflammatory activity.

Purpose: To investigate and compare the diagnostic value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in assessing and quantifying hepatic fibrosis.

Methods: Thirty rats were divided into the control group (n = 6) and the fibrosis experimental groups (n = 6 per group) with CCl administration for 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Liver fibrosis stage (S) and necroinflammatory activity grade (G) were histopathologically determined.

MR comparative study of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma in normal, fibrotic, and cirrhotic livers.

Purpose: To compare MR imaging features of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) in normal, fibrotic, and cirrhotic livers.

Methods: A total of 64 patients with 67 pathologically proven cHCC-CCs were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were classified into three groups according to the patients' liver condition: patients with normal liver (F0, group 1), fibrosis without cirrhosis (F1-3, group 2), and cirrhosis (F4, group 3).

Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Colorectal Carcinoids.

Background & Aims: Although endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of colorectal carcinoids is increasing, little is known about long-term outcomes of patients. We investigated the efficacy and safety of ESD of colorectal carcinoids and evaluated long-term outcomes, including local recurrence and metastasis.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of data collected from 239 consecutive patients with colorectal carcinoids <20 mm who underwent endoscopic ultrasonography (to evaluate the size of tumor and the depth of invasion), followed by ESD from January 2007 through October 2012 at the Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University.

MR imaging of primary hepatic neuroendocrine neoplasm and metastatic hepatic neuroendocrine neoplasm: a comparative study.

Purpose: To investigate MR characteristics in differentiating primary hepatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (PHNEN) from metastatic hepatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (MHNEN).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-nine patients with histopathologically proven liver neuroendocrine neoplasm were retrospectively analyzed. The morphological and MR signal features on T1, T2-weighted, dynamic-enhanced, and diffusion-weighted imaging were evaluated and compared between the PHNEN group (n = 12) and the MHNEN group (n = 27).

Overexpression of Insig-1 protects β cell against glucolipotoxicity via SREBP-1c.

Background: High glucose induced lipid synthesis leads to β cell glucolipotoxicity. Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) is reported to be partially involved in this process. Insulin induced gene-1 (Insig-1) is an important upstream regulator of Insig-1-SREBPs cleavage activating protein (SCAP)-SREBP-1c pathway.

Effect of repaglinide and gliclazide on glycaemic control, early-phase insulin secretion and lipid profiles in.

Background: Both repaglinide and gliclazide are insulin secretagogues widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. They stimulate insulin secretion through distinct mechanisms and may benefit patients from different aspects. The present study was to evaluate the effects of repaglinide or gliclazide on glycaemic control, insulin secretion, and lipid profiles in type 2 diabetes patients.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 improves proliferation and differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells via upregulating VEGF generation.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1), released from enteroendocrine cells of the intestine, exerted cardiovascular protective effect. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in maintaining endothelial integrity regulating neovascularization and reendothelialization after endothelial injury. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important cytokine in the process of EPCs vascular differentiation and proliferation.

[Effect of different glucose concentrations on the expressions of insig-1 and insig-2 mRNA during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells].

Objective: To determine the effect of different concentrations of glucose on the differentiation of 3T3-L(1) and the expression of insig-1 and insig-2 mRNA, and to explore the effect of insulin-induced gene in the differentiation and formation of adipocytes and lipogenesis.

Methods: The 3T3-L(1) cells were induced to differentiate in high glucose concentration (25 mol/L G.S), low glucose concentration (5.

[Construction and expression of fusion gene eukaryotic expression plasmid of pEGFP-C(3)-insig2 and its influence to downstream genes].

Aim: To construct the eukaryotic expression plasmid of insig2 gene and detect the expression of downstream gene adiponectin and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein 2 (AP2) after the transfection of 3T3-L1 cells.

Methods: Insig2 gene of the mouse was amplified by RT-PCR and then cloned into the eukaryon expression vector pEGFP-C(3), After confirmed by double restriction enzyme digestion analysis and DNA sequencing, pEGFP-C(3)-insig2 was transfected into 3T3-L1 cells by lipofectamine 2000. The expression of insig2 and downstream gene in the 3T3-L1 cells were detected by RT-PCR and fluorescence microscope.

[Expression of hCTLA4-Ig mediated by adeno-associated virus in porcine islets and their biological activity].

Objective: To evaluate the expression of hCTLA4-Ig and their biological function in newborn porcine islets (NPIs) transfected with AAV-hCTLA4-Ig.

Methods: Cultured NPIs were transfected with AAV-hCTLA4-Ig. The expression of CTLA4-Ig in these NPIs was assayed by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry.