Electroacupuncture may protect pulmonary dysplasia in offspring with perinatal nicotine exposure by altering maternal gut microbiota and metabolites.

Background: Perinatal nicotine exposure (PNE) induces pulmonary dysplasia in offspring and it increases the risk of respiratory diseases both in offspring and across generations. The maternal gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), can regulate fetal lung development and are susceptible to nicotine exposure. Therefore, modulation of PNE-induced changes in maternal gut microbiota and SCFAs may prevent the occurrence of pulmonary dysplasia in offspring.

Comparative analysis of persistent and recanalized falcine sinuses on magnetic resonance venography: insights from healthy individuals and parasagittal meningioma patients.

Background: Falcine sinuses can remain persistent after birth, but they can also become recanalized in cases where venous sinuses are invaded by meningiomas.

Purpose: To explore the incidence and imaging features of persistent falcine sinuses in healthy individuals and recanalized falcine sinuses in parasagittal meningioma (PSM) patients on magnetic resonance venography (MRV).

Material And Methods: Radiologists evaluated imaging data of 168 healthy individuals and 168 PSM patients.

Birthing Parents' Neural Response to Infant Cry: Moderating Effects of Oxytocin and Perceived Childhood Care.

Unlabelled: Individuals who perceive the caregiving they received from their parents as more caring tend to bond better with their infants and show more sensitive parenting behaviors. Early caregiving experiences are also related to differences in the functions of hormonal systems, including the oxytocinergic system. The current study examined how perceptions of childhood maternal care related to parenting behaviors, oxytocin levels, and neural responses to infant stimuli.

Long-Term Real-World Outcomes of Tenofovir Alafenamide in Chronic Hepatitis B: Detailed Analysis of Treatment-Naive and Experienced Patients.

Background/aims: This study assessed the long-term efficacy and safety of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) in real-world settings.

Methods: Patients who were candidates for TAF treatment and were followed up at 12-week intervals over 192 weeks were enrolled in this study.

Results: One hundred and forty-four patients (50 treatment-naive and 94 treatment-experienced) were included in this study.

Highly effective treatment of bacterial infection-accompanied wounds by fat extract-embedded phototherapeutic hydrogel.

Phototherapy presents an effective approach for treating localized methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections; however, the tradeoff between therapeutic efficacy and negative off-target effect persists. To address these issues, we have developed a nanoparticle-hydrogel superstructure comprising phototherapeutic liposomal nanobubbles (NB) and fat extract (FE) encapsulated by F-127 hydrogel. After local administration to sites of MRSA infection, the superstructure effectively neutralizes high levels of MRSA toxins to protect against toxin-mediated cytotoxicity through loaded, which can also be leveraged to enhance anti-MRSA efficacy via toxin-regulated on-demand phototherapy upon near-infrared irradiation.

Analysis of the correlation between the group-based trajectory modeling of serum osmolality and prognosis in patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy at 72 h after admission.

Background: This study aimed to identify distinct trajectories of serum osmolality within the first 72 h for patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) in the MIMIC-IV and eICU-CRD databases and assess their impact on mortality and adverse clinical outcomes.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, patients with SAE from the MIMIC-IV database were included. Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) was used to categorize distinct patterns of serum osmolality changes over 72 h in ICU patients.

Twelve-hour ultradian rhythmic reprogramming of gene expression in the human ovary during aging.

Background: The 12-h ultradian rhythm plays a crucial role in metabolic homeostasis, but its role in ovarian aging has not been explored. This study investigates age-related changes in 12-h rhythmic gene expression across various human tissues, with a particular focus on the ovary.

Methods: We analyzed transcriptomic data from the GTEx project to examine 12-h ultradian rhythmic gene expression across multiple peripheral human tissues, exploring sex-specific patterns and age-related reprogramming of both 12-h and 24-h rhythmic gene expression.

Modulating the Coordination Environment of Atomically Dispersed Nickel for Efficient Electrocatalytic CO Reduction at Low Overpotentials and Industrial Current Densities.

Electrocatalytic CO-to-CO conversion with a high CO Faradaic efficiency (FE) at low overpotentials and industrial-level current densities is highly desirable but a huge challenge over non-noble metal catalysts. Herein, graphitic N-rich porous carbons supporting atomically dispersed nickel (NiN-O sites with an axial oxygen) were synthesized (denoted as O-Ni-N-GC) and applied as the cathode catalyst in a CORR flow cell. O-Ni-N-GC showed excellent selectivity with a FE over 92% at low overpotentials ranging from 17 to 60 mV, and over 99% at 80 mV.

Metformin attenuated depressive-like behaviors by suppressing TRPV1/NLRP3 mediated neuroinflammation in the hypothalamus of allergic rhinitis mice.

Background: In addition to nasal symptoms, allergic rhinitis (AR) has increasingly been reported to be associated with depression-like behaviors. Recent evidence suggests that neuroinflammation in the hypothalamus may cause these depressive symptoms in AR. However, the precise mechanisms and effective treatments remain to be elucidated.

A genome-wide association study identified PRKCB as a causal gene and therapeutic target for Mycobacterium avium complex disease.

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is a chronic progressive lung disease that is increasing in incidence. Host genetic factors are associated with NTM-PD susceptibility. However, the heritability of NTM-PD is not well understood.

Investigation the antioxidant mechanisms of Capsaicinoids on myofibrillar protein based on multispectral and molecular docking.

This study investigated the interactions between Capsaicinoids (CAPs) and beef myofibrillar proteins (MPs) in a peroxyl radical system and elucidated the antioxidant mechanisms of CAPs by multispectral and molecular docking. Results showed that low concentration CAPs prevented the oxidative changes of protein structure caused by the attack of AAPH radicals on MPs, while high concentration of CAPs changed the structure of the proteins to form more small molecule aggregates, and reduce the binding of actin-myosin, which was conducive to the tenderization of the meats. CAPs bound to the MPs through hydrophobic interaction, hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction, altering the secondary and tertiary structure of MPs, increasing the α-helix content of MPs, and improving the antioxidant structural stability of MPs.

Rectification of planar orientation angle switches behavior and replenishes contractile junctions.

In the early Drosophila embryo, germband elongation is driven by oriented cell intercalation through t1 transitions, where vertical (dorsal-ventral aligned) interfaces contract and then resolve into new horizontal (anterior-posterior aligned) interfaces. Here, we show that contractile events produce a continuous "rectification" of cell interfaces, in which interfaces systematically rotate toward more vertical orientations. As interfaces rotate, their behavior transitions from elongating to contractile regimes, indicating that the planar polarized identities of cell-cell interfaces are continuously re-interpreted in time depending on their orientation angle.

Neutrophil extracellular traps potentiate effector T cells via endothelial senescence in uveitis.

Autoimmune uveitis (AU) is a sight-threatening ocular autoimmune disorder that often manifests as retinal vasculitis. Increased neutrophil infiltration around retinal vessels has been reported during the progression of AU, while how they function is not fully recognized. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), produced by activated neutrophils, have been suggested to be detrimental in autoimmune diseases.

Integration of single-cell transcriptomics and bulk transcriptomics to explore prognostic and immunotherapeutic characteristics of nucleotide metabolism in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly aggressive tumor with one of the highest morbidity and mortality rates in the world. Nucleotide metabolic processes are critical for cancer development, progression, and alteration of the tumor microenvironment. However, the effect of nucleotide metabolism on LUAD remains to be thoroughly investigated.

CD4-Derived Double-Negative T Cells Ameliorate Alzheimer's Disease-Like Phenotypes in the 5×FAD Mouse Model.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder that is difficult to predict and is typically diagnosed only after symptoms manifest. Recently, CD4 T cell-derived double-negative T (DNT) cells have shown strong immuno-regulatory properties in both in vitro and in vivo neuronal inflammation studies. However, the effectiveness of DNT cells in treating on AD are not yet fully understood.

Spatial deconvolution from bulk DNA methylation profiles determines intratumoral epigenetic heterogeneity.

Background: Intratumoral heterogeneity emerges from accumulating genetic and epigenetic changes during tumorigenesis, which may contribute to therapeutic failure and drug resistance. However, the lack of a quick and convenient approach to determine the intratumoral epigenetic heterogeneity (eITH) limit the application of eITH in clinical settings. Here, we aimed to develop a tool that can evaluate the eITH using the DNA methylation profiles from bulk tumors.

The allelic mutation of NBS-LRR gene causes premature senescence in wheat.

Premature senescence has a significant impact on the yield and quality of wheat crops. The process is controlled by multiple and intricate genetic pathways and regulatory elements, whereby the discovery of additional mutants provides important insights into the molecular basis of this important trait. Here, we developed a premature senescence wheat mutant je0874, its leaves started to show yellow before heading stage; with plant growth and development, the degree of yellowing worsened rapidly, and chlorophyll content in flag leaf was reduced by 93.

Dual-stimuli-responsive carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium lignosulfonate microcapsules from oppositely charged biopolymers for smart pesticide release.

In this study, we constructed a pH/laccase dual responsive drug delivery system, denoted as IMI@(CMCS+SL)n, capable of modulating wall thickness and drug release via the layer-by-layer deposition of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and sodium lignosulfonate (SL). The IMI@(CMCS+SL)n microcapsules was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) EDS, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and dynamic light scattering techniques (DLS) analysis. IMI@(CMCS+SL)n demonstrated not only a high loading capacity (exceeding 90 %) but also exhibited exceptional performance in sustained release and anti-termite activity of IMI.

CircMRP4 orchestrates podocytes injury via the miR-499-5p/RRAGB/mTORC1 axis in diabetic kidney disease.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a chronic complication of diabetes characterized by kidney damage due to persistent hyperglycemia. A growing number of evidence indicated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a crucial role in diabetes and associated complications. However, the function and mechanism of circRNAs in DKD remain unclear.

Effect of age, harvest site and body mass index on the cell composition of the stromal vascular fraction.

Background: The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue has now been widely used in plastic surgeries, clinical trials and therapies. However, the cell composition of SVF undergoes dynamic changes during aging and obesity, which may influence the efficacy of the SVF. This study analyzed the effects of age, harvest site and body mass index on the cell composition of the SVF.

Extreme Tolerance of Nanoparticle-Protein Corona to Ultra-High Abundance Proteins Enhances the Depth of Serum Proteomics.

The serum nanoparticle-protein corona (NPC) provides specific disease information, thus opening a new avenue for high-throughput in-depth proteomics to facilitate biomarker discovery. Yet, little is known about the interactions between NPs and proteins, and its role in enhanced depth of serum proteomics. Herein, a series of protein spike-in experiments are conducted to systematically investigate protein depletion and enrichment during NPC formation.

Therapeutic potential of hydrogen-rich water in zebrafish model of Alzheimer's disease: targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, and the gut-brain axis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder, with amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation playing a key role in its pathogenesis. Aβ-induced oxidative stress leads to neuronal damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis, making antioxidative strategies promising for AD treatment. This study investigates the effects of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) in a zebrafish AD model.

F-FAPI-42 PET/CT for preoperatively identifying intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Accurately differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is essential for therapeutic decision-making. This study aimed to explore the value of Fluor 18 (F)-conjugated fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor (FAPI-42) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) in distinguishing HCC from ICC preoperatively.

Methods: Patients with suspected intrahepatic lesions who underwent F-FAPI-42 PET/CT were retrospectively assessed and placed into an HCC group and an ICC group based on postoperative pathology.