Clinical and pathological characteristics of HR+ breast cancer with HER2 low and HER2(0) expression: exploring endocrine therapy sensitivity.

Background: The clinical significance of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) low and HER2(0) expression in hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer patients remains uncertain. This study aimed to explore the clinical and pathological characteristics, prognosis, and endocrine therapy (ET) sensitivity among HR+ breast cancer patients with HER2 low and HER2(0) expression.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 390 HR+, HER2-negative breast cancer patients who underwent radical surgery at The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University between December 2014 and December 2017.

Current status of FAP-directed cancer theranostics: a bibliometric analysis.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a key molecule in the field of oncology, with significant impacts on tumor diagnosis and treatment. Importantly, it has paved the way for the development of radiotracers for quinoline-based FAP inhibitors (FAPIs), which are currently among the most promising radiotracers for PET imaging in cancer. We performed a bibliometric analysis of scientific publications related to FAP and FAPI-based radiotracers, which included the quantification and visualization of current research trends and prospects based on various bibliometric indicators.

Radical prostatectomy without prostate biopsy based on a noninvasive diagnostic strategy: a prospective single-center study.

Background: Prostate biopsy is the most common approach for diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa); however, it has inherent limitations, such as the invasive procedure, postoperative complications, and false negative results. We aimed to provide a noninvasive diagnostic strategy for patients with highly suspected PCa and to evaluate the feasibility of performing biopsy-spared radical prostatectomy.

Methods: This prospective study included a total of 57 patients between November 10, 2022, and December 1, 2023.

Study on the Role of microRNA-138-5p Through Sorbin and SH3 Domain-Containing Protein 2 in Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer (BRCA) is one of the major threats to women's health worldwide. This study focuses on the roles of sorbin and SH3 domain-containing protein 2 (SORBS2) protein and microRNA-138-5p in the progression of BRCA, analyzing their regulatory effects on cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle, and migration ability. Using bioinformatics tools and experimental methods, the study found that SORBS2 is commonly underexpressed in BRCA.

Propagation characteristics of P-wave incident on a single uncoupled joint based on g-λ model.

This paper theoretically explores the propagation attenuation of normally incident P-waves on a single uncoupled joint exhibiting nonlinear deformation behavior. The stress-deformation model of the single uncoupled joint (g-λ model with λ ≥ 1) is employed to depict the nonlinearity of uncoupled joints, with a greater value of the parameter λ signifying a lower degree of non-linearity in the joint model curve. By making use of the characteristic line approach in conjunction with the discontinuous displacement model, we have obtained the finite difference expressions which precisely represent the particle velocity and energy transmission coefficient of the transmitted wave.

Endoscopic Occipital Transtentorial Approach for Dorsal Midbrain Cavernous Malformation: Technical Notes With Illustrative Case.

Background: The dorsal midbrain, an anatomically intricate region, presents significant challenges for traditional surgical interventions due to the heightened risk of vascular and neurological injury, and the necessity of brain tissue retraction.

Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed the case of a 29-year-old male diagnosed with a cavernous malformation located in the dorsal aspect of the left midbrain. The patient underwent resection via the endoscopic occipital transtentorial approach (EOTA) in July 2024.

An integrated approach for studying exposure, metabolism, and disposition of traditional Chinese medicine using PATBS and MDRB tools: a case study of semen Armeniacae Amarum.

Background: Deciphering the in vivo processes of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is crucial for identifying new pharmacodynamic substances and new drugs. Due to the complexity and diversity of components, investigating the exposure, metabolism, and disposition remains a major challenge in TCM research. In recent years, a number of non-targeted smart mass-spectrometry (MS) techniques, such as precise-and-thorough background-subtraction (PATBS) and metabolomics, have realized the intelligent identification of in vivo components of TCM.

Insight into the Pyrolysis Behaviors of Petroleum-Driven Mesophase Pitch via ReaxFF Molecular Dynamics and In Situ TG-FTIR/MS.

Mesophase pitch is regarded as a profoundly promising candidate for the production of advanced carbon-based multifunctional materials such as carbon fibers, carbon microspheres, and carbon foams owing to its excellent intrinsic properties. Consequently, a deeper understanding of pyrolytic chemistry is indispensable for the efficient and environmentally friendly utilization of mesophase pitch. In this study, details about the structure compositions and microscopic morphologies of petroleum-driven mesophase pitch (pMP) were investigated through ultimate, FTIR, XPS, and C-NMR analyses.

The effect of torus tubarius size on upper airway aerodynamics in children: a computational fluid dynamics study.

Purpose: Some children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) continue to experience symptoms after adenotonsillectomy. One possible cause is the excessive size of the torus tubarius.

Methods: In this study, the relationship between torus tubarius size and surgical outcome in 24 children with SDB who underwent adenotonsillectomy was retrospectively analyzed based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging measurements and medical records.

A randomized trial testing digital medicine support models for mild-to-moderate alcohol use disorder.

This paper reports the results of a hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomized trial that systematically varied levels of human oversight required to support the implementation of a digital medicine intervention for persons with mild-to-moderate alcohol use disorder (AUD). Participants were randomly assigned to three groups representing possible digital health support models within a health system: self-monitored use (SM; n = 185), peer-supported use (PS; n = 186), or a clinically integrated model CI; (n = 187). Across all three groups, the percentage of self-reported heavy drinking days dropped from 38.

IL-6 signaling accelerates iron overload by upregulating DMT1 in endothelial cells to promote aortic dissection.

Aortic dissection (AD), caused by tearing of the intima and avulsion of the aortic media, is a severe threat to patient life and organ function. Iron is closely related to dissection formation and organ injury, but the mechanism of iron ion transport disorder in endothelial cells (ECs) remains unclear. We identified the characteristic EC of dissection with iron overload by single-cell RNA sequencing data.

Increased matrix stiffness in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors invading the cavernous sinus is activated by TAFs: focus on the mechanical signatures.

Purpose: Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) with invasion of the cavernous sinus (CS) are particularly challenging to treat. Tumor associated fibroblasts (TAFs) are recognized for their pivotal role in reprogramming extracellular matrix (ECM). Herein, we aimed to explore the potential involvement of TAFs in ECM reprogramming and elucidate the underlying mechanism involved.

Increase 68 Ga-FAPI Uptake in Urogenital Tuberculosis.

Urogenital tuberculosis is one of common sites of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. A 60-year-old man with an elevated prostate-specific antigen level underwent multiparametric MRI, which revealed abnormal signals in the prostate. However, the 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT results were unrevealing.

Dietary inflammation influences the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in prediabetes and diabetes patients: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2001-2018).

Prediabetes is an early phase before diabetes. Diabetes and dietary inflammation are two crucial factors that are strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Dietary interventions slowed the progression of diabetes and CVD.

Understanding the Implementation of Informal Meditation Practice in a Smartphone-Based Intervention: A Qualitative Analysis.

Objectives: Informal practice (i.e., brief meditation practices incorporated spontaneously into daily activities) may be important for increasing the efficacy and accessibility of meditation-based interventions (MedBIs).

Flame synthesis of nanoparticles based on high flux electrostatic atomization burner.

This study presents an innovative electrostatic spray flame synthesis (ESFS) reactor that combines the advantages of electrostatic spray and flame synthesis for precise spray control and efficient single-step continuous synthesis. To overcome the limitations of conventional ESFS systems, which often suffer from low atomized precursor flux, we successfully demonstrated a high-flux disk electrostatic atomizer coupled low-swirl flame reactor, achieving a precursor flux of up to 30 ml/h about 30 times higher than that of typical ESFS devices. The atomized precursor being rapidly carried away from the burner is undergoing high-temperature pyrolysis and particle formation through lifted premixed turbulent flames.

Space-use strategy drives fine-scale spatial variation of chlorinated paraffins in indo-pacific humpback dolphins.

Contaminant accumulation in organisms can be influenced by both biological traits and environmental conditions. However, delineating the main factors affecting contaminant burdens in organisms remains challenging. Here, we conducted an initial investigation into the impact of diet and habitat on the accumulation of short- (SCCPs) and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) in Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (2003-2020, n = 128) from the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), a highly polluted estuary in China.

Cpne1 deficiency preserves sperm motility under Ca channel blockade.

Calcium ions (Ca) play crucial roles in sperm motility and fertilization. The copine (CPNE) family comprises several Ca-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins. Of these, CPNE1 is extensively expressed in mammalian tissues; however, its precise role in testicular development and spermatogenesis is yet to be fully characterized.

ATP6V0A1-dependent cholesterol absorption in colorectal cancer cells triggers immunosuppressive signaling to inactivate memory CD8 T cells.

Obesity shapes anti-tumor immunity through lipid metabolism; however, the mechanisms underlying how colorectal cancer (CRC) cells utilize lipids to suppress anti-tumor immunity remain unclear. Here, we show that tumor cell-intrinsic ATP6V0A1 drives exogenous cholesterol-induced immunosuppression in CRC. ATP6V0A1 facilitates cholesterol absorption in CRC cells through RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (RABGEF1)-dependent endosome maturation, leading to cholesterol accumulation within the endoplasmic reticulum and elevated production of 24-hydroxycholesterol (24-OHC).

Phylogenetic placement and comparative analysis of the mitochondrial genomes of Idiostoloidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera).

The classification system and the higher level phylogenetic relationships of Pentatomomorpha, the second largest infraorder of Heteroptera (Insecta: Hemiptera), have been debated and remain controversial over decades. In particular, the placement and phylogenetic relationship of Idiostoloidea are not well resolved, which hampers a better understanding of the evolutionary history of Pentatomomorpha. In this study, for the first time, we reported the complete mitochondrial genome for two narrowly distributed families of Idiostoloidea (including Idiostolidae and Henicocoridae), respectively.

In vitro study on antioxidant and lipid-lowering activities of tobacco polysaccharides.

Tobacco polysaccharides were extracted by hot water extraction, and purified and separated using DEAE-52 cellulose chromatography columns, and three purified polysaccharide fractions, YCT-1, YCT-2, and YCT-3, were finally obtained. The physicochemical properties of the three fractions were analyzed by ultraviolet spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance gel chromatography. The in vitro antioxidant activity of tobacco polysaccharides was compared among different fractions by using DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical scavenging assay and potassium ferricyanide method.