Acetylated pelargonidin-3--glucoside alleviates hepatocyte lipid deposition through activating the AMPK-mediated lysosome-autophagy pathway and redox state.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a worldwide public health issue, but a widely accepted therapy is still lacking until now. Anthocyanins are natural flavonoid compounds that possess various bioactivities, but their applications are limited due to their low bioavailability and stability. Acylated anthocyanins are reported to show higher stability, whereas their effects on NAFLD are still unclear.

Green synthesis of nanolipo-fibersomes using Nutriose® FB 06 for delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside delivery: Characterization, physicochemical properties, and application.

Anthocyanins are potential bioactive compounds with less bioavailability due to instability in physicochemical and physiological harsh environments. This study synthesized a "nanolipo-fibersomes (NLFS)" using Lipoid® S75 and Nutriose® FB 06 (dextrinization of wheat starch) through a self-assembly technique with probe sonication. We aimed to encapsulate delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside (D3S) successfully and evaluate physicochemical and controlled release properties with improved antioxidant activity on palmitic acid (PA)-induced colonic cells (Caco-2 cells).

Differential expression profiles and functional analysis of long non-coding RNAs in calcific aortic valve disease.

Aim: To evaluate the expression profile of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) and explore their potential mechanism of action.

Methods: The gene expression profiles (GSE153555, GSE148219, GSE199718) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and FastQC was run for quality control checks. After filtering and classifying candidate lncRNAs by differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and weighted co-expression networks (WGCNA) in GSE153555, we predicted the potential cis- or trans-regulatory target genes of differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) by using FEELnc and established the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network by miRanda, more over functional enrichment was analyzed using the ClusterProfiler package in R Bioconductor.

Geniposide Alleviates Oxidative Damage in Hepatocytes through Regulating miR-27b-3p/Nrf2 Axis.

Geniposide (GEN), a main compound extracted from fruit, has various biological activities including anti-inflammation, cellular damage alleviation, neuroprotection, and others. However, the effect of GEN on oxidative stress in hepatic cells is yet to be investigated. Our study uncovered that GEN eliminated excess intracellular free radicals by activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in HO-treated hepatocytes, while the protective effect was blocked by ML385 (an inhibitor of Nrf2).

Identification of a novel α-glucosidase inhibitor from Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. fruits and its effect on regulating postprandial blood glucose.

Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. (MDL) extracts have shown potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, suggesting MDL might be a good source of α-glucosidase inhibitors. The aim of the study was to identify compounds in MDL extracts with α-glucosidase inhibitory activities and evaluate their effect on postprandial blood glucose as well as elucidating the underlying mechanisms of inhibition.

Improvement of stability and lipophilicity of pelargonidin-3-glucoside by enzymatic acylation with aliphatic dicarboxylic acid.

Dicarboxylic acids derived acylated-anthocyanins are common in nature, which can also be obtained by enzymatic acylation of anthocyanins. However, little research have focused on the properties of anthocyanins with dicarboxylic acid derivatives due to the complexity of isolation, detection, and identification. In this work, pelargonidin-3-glucoside (Pg3G) was acylated with various dicarboxylic acids.

Development of a prognostic nomogram based on an eight-gene signature for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA).

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor. This study aims to develop a robust prognostic model for ESCC.

Methods: Expression profiles of ESCC were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases.

Acetylated pelargonidin-3--glucoside exhibits promising thermostability, lipophilicity, and protectivity against oxidative damage by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway.

Anthocyanins are natural products that display diverse bioactivities but are limited in their applications by low stability and bioavailability. Acylated anthocyanins are found to possess higher stability, while their bioactivities are still obscure. In this study, acetylation of pelargonidin-3--glucoside (Pg3G) was catalyzed by lipase B (CALB) for the first time, with a conversion rate up to 88.

Potential micro-/nano-encapsulation systems for improving stability and bioavailability of anthocyanins: An updated review.

Anthocyanins (ACNs) are notable hydrophilic compounds that belong to the flavonoid family, which are available in plants. They have excellent antioxidants, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer activity, and so on. Furthermore, ACNs can be used as a natural dye in the food industry (food colorant).

The role of the Hippo pathway in heart disease.

Heart disease, including coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure, cardiac hypertrophy, and cardiomyopathies, is the leading causes of death worldwide. The Hippo pathway is a central controller for organ size and tissue growth, which plays a pivotal role in determining cardiomyocytes and nonmyocytes proliferation, regeneration, differentiation, and apoptosis. In this review, we summarize the effects of the Hippo pathway on heart disease and propose potential intervention targets.

Bioavailability, Absorption, and Metabolism of Pelargonidin-Based Anthocyanins Using Sprague-Dawley Rats and Caco-2 Cell Monolayers.

The present study is aimed to clarify the absorption and metabolism properties of pelargonidin-based anthocyanins. Results showed that pelargonidin-3--rutinoside (Pg3R) was absorbed in its intact form after oral administration and reached a maximum plasma concentration of 175.38 ± 55.

Malvidin-3--Glucoside from Blueberry Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Transcription Factor EB-Mediated Lysosomal Function and Activating the Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a universal health issue, whereas there is still a lack of widely accepted therapy until now. Clinical research studies have shown that blueberry could effectively regulate the lipid metabolism, thereby improving obesity-related metabolic syndromes; however, the specific active substances and mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, the effects of the major 10 kinds of anthocyanins from blueberry against NAFLD were investigated using an free fatty acid (FFA)-induced cell model.

Malvidin-3-O-arabinoside ameliorates ethyl carbamate-induced oxidative damage by stimulating AMPK-mediated autophagy.

Ethyl carbamate (EC) is an environmental toxin, commonly present in various fermented foods and beverages, as well as tobacco and polluted ambient air. However, studies on the effects of EC-induced toxicity on the intestines and potential protection methods are limited. In this study, we show that EC could cause severe toxicity in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) triggering the induction of decreased cell viability, ROS accumulation and glutathione (GSH) depletion in a dose-dependent manner.

Discovery of anthocyanins from cranberry extract as pancreatic lipase inhibitors using a combined approach of ultrafiltration, molecular simulation and spectroscopy.

Obesity is a chronic disease that has been causing serious problems all over the world. However, there is a lack of available therapeutic approaches to treat obesity. The FDA-approved drug orlistat has severe side effects, such as abdominal pain, flatulence and oily stool.

Improving the physicochemical stability and functionality of nanoliposome using green polymer for the delivery of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside.

This study aimed to improve the physicochemical stability of nanoliposome (NL) with enhanced functionality for the delivery of Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (P3G) using biopolymers, i.e. chitosan (CH) and pectin (P).

Andrographolide Exerts Antihyperglycemic Effect through Strengthening Intestinal Barrier Function and Increasing Microbial Composition of .

Accumulating evidence indicates that type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with intestinal barrier dysfunction and dysbiosis, implying the potential targets for T2D therapeutics. Andrographolide was reported to have several beneficial effects on diabetes and its associated complications. However, the protective role of andrographolide, as well as its underlying mechanism against T2D, remains elusive.

Colonic delivery of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside using pectin-chitosan-nanoliposome: Transport mechanism and bioactivity retention.

Colon-targeted delivery is an active area of research as it can improve drug stability, bioactivity, and lessen the systematic toxicity. In this study, the colon-specific delivery of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (P3G) was investigated using pectin (P)/chitosan (CH)-functionalized nanoliposome (NL). The food simulant stability, transport mechanism, and bioactivity retention potential of carrier systems were studied.

Structure-based design of human pancreatic amylase inhibitors from the natural anthocyanin database for type 2 diabetes.

Human Pancreatic Amylase (HPA) is an important target for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Acarbose is a currently available drug acting as a HPA inhibitor, but its gastrointestinal side-effects cannot be neglected. Thus, developing novel HPA inhibitors with no side-effects is of great importance.

Variations of PCDD/Fs emissions from secondary nonferrous smelting plants and towards to their source emission reduction.

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) are cancerogenic organic pollutants that priority controlled by Stockholm Convention with globally 183 signatories now. Secondary nonferrous smelting plants are confirmed to be important sources in China due to its large industrial activities and high emissions of PCDD/Fs. It is important to prioritize source to achieve source emission reduction by conducting field monitoring on typical case plants.

Research on pollution prevention and control BAT of PCDD/Fs in secondary copper industry.

Secondary copper industry has received more and more attention due to its high Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) emissions. Best available technologies (BAT) plays an important role in prevention of PCDD/Fs pollution for secondary copper industry and is recommended by the Stockholm Convention on POPs. In this study, AHP-Delphi method-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the 5 smelting technologies that are usually applied in secondary copper industry.

Thermochemical formation of multiple unintentional persistent organic pollutants on metallurgical fly ash and their correlations.

Metallurgical processes are currently the predominant anthropogenic sources of multiple unintentional persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chlorinated and brominated PAHs (Cl-PAHs and Br-PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDEs). Understanding the formation of multiple POPs is important for source control. These POPs could be formed through fly ash-mediated heterogeneous reactions.

Pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside as a novel α-glucosidase inhibitor for improving postprandial hyperglycemia.

A novel strategy for the isolation of anthocyanins was developed by a combination of high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) and HPLC techniques. Using this strategy, a novel α-glucosidase inhibitor (pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside, a natural anthocyanin) was isolated from strawberries. Structural determinants for inhibition of α-glucosidase by Pg3R and the SAR of natural anthocyanins were revealed in detail by enzymatic kinetics and molecular docking analysis.

Green extraction of mulberry anthocyanin with improved stability using β-cyclodextrin.

Background: Mulberry anthocyanin is reported to possess various biological activities and it is unstable during extraction or food production. The use of organic solvents for extraction of mulberry anthocyanins may cause environmental pollution and safety concerns. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a green extraction solvent (cyclodextrin) on the recovery of anthocyanin from mulberry fruits, as well as the thermal stability of anthocyanin.

Systematic evaluation of phenolic compounds and protective capacity of a new mulberry cultivar J33 against palmitic acid-induced lipotoxicity using a simulated digestion method.

This research aimed to investigate the protective effects of a new mulberry cultivar J33 with simulated gastrointestinal digestion against palmitic acid (PA)-induced lipotoxicity. LC-MS analysis revealed that the contents of four flavonoid glycosides (quercetin rhamnosylhexoside hexoside, quercetin rhamnosylhexoside, quercetin hexoside, kaempferol rhamnosylhexoside) increased after digestion. Besides, mulberry digest (MBD) at 0.