Nanoparticle-Mediated Gene Delivery for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Critical-sized bone defects represent an urgent clinical problem, necessitating innovative treatment approaches. Gene-activated grafts for bone tissue engineering have emerged as a promising solution. However, traditional gene delivery methods are constrained by limited osteogenic efficacy and safety concerns.

A Fully Integrated Orthodontic Aligner With Force Sensing Ability for Machine Learning-Assisted Diagnosis.

Currently, the diagnosis of malocclusion is a highly demanding process involving complicated examinations of the dental occlusion, which increases the demand for innovative tools for occlusal data monitoring. Nevertheless, continuous wireless monitoring within the oral cavity is challenging due to limitations in sampling and device size. In this study, by embedding high-performance piezoelectric sensors into the occlusal surfaces using flexible printed circuits, a fully integrated, flexible, and self-contained transparent aligner is developed.

Biomechanical behaviour of tilted abutment after fixed partial denture restoration of CAD/CAM materials.

Background: Failure to restore missing teeth in time can easily lead to the mesial tilting of the distal abutment teeth. However, a fixed partial denture (FPD) can improve stress conduction and distribution and prevent periodontal injuries. In these more complex cases, it is necessary to consider various factors comprehensively to improve conventional treatment planning and achieve better results.

Mechanochemically Reprogrammed Tantalum Interfaces Enhance Osseointegration Via Immunomodulation.

Bone and tooth defects can considerably affect the quality of life and health of patients, and orthopedic implants remain the primary method of addressing such defects. However, implant materials cannot coordinate with the immune microenvironment because of their biological inertness, which may lead to implant loosening or failure. Motivated by the microstructure of nacre, we engineered a biomimetic micro/nanoscale topography on a tantalum surface using a straightforward method.

Metal-Organic Framework-Based Nanomaterials for Regulation of the Osteogenic Microenvironment.

As the global population ages, bone diseases have become increasingly prevalent in clinical settings. These conditions often involve detrimental factors such as infection, inflammation, and oxidative stress that disrupt bone homeostasis. Addressing these disorders requires exogenous strategies to regulate the osteogenic microenvironment (OME).

Apoptotic Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Promote Skin Repair by Enhancing Angiogenesis: From Death to Regeneration.

Purpose: The promotion of angiogenesis is an effective strategy for skin wound repair. While the transplantation of endothelial cells has shown promise in vascularization, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Recent studies have suggested that transplanted cells undergo apoptosis in a short period and release apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs) that may have therapeutic potential.

Recent advances of hydrogels as smart dressings for diabetic wounds.

Chronic diabetic wounds have been an urgent clinical problem, and wound dressings play an important role in their management. Due to the design of traditional dressings, it is difficult to achieve adaptive adhesion and on-demand removal of complex diabetic wounds, real-time monitoring of wound status, and dynamic adjustment of drug release behavior according to the wound microenvironment. Smart hydrogels, as smart dressings, can respond to environmental stimuli and achieve more precise local treatment.

The development of magnesium-based biomaterials in bone tissue engineering: A review.

Bone regeneration is a vital clinical challenge in massive or complicated bone defects. Recently, bone tissue engineering has come to the fore to meet the demand for bone repair with various innovative materials. However, the reported materials usually cannot satisfy the requirements, such as ideal mechanical and osteogenic properties, as well as biocompatibility at the same time.

Osteoimmunity-regulating nanosilicate-reinforced hydrogels for enhancing osseointegration.

Following the introduction of osteo-immunomodulation as a new and important strategy to enhance material osseointegration, achieving an appropriate immune response after biomaterial implantation has become a significant challenge for efficient bone repair. In this study, a nanosilicate-reinforced sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel was fabricated by introducing montmorillonite (MMT) nanoparticles. Meanwhile, an immunogenically bioactive agent, harmine (HM), was loaded and released to induce macrophage differentiation into the M2 type.

Double-Cross-Linked Hydrogel with Long-Lasting Underwater Adhesion: Enhancement of Maxillofacial In Situ and Onlay Bone Retention.

Bone retention is a usual clinical problem existing in a lot of maxillofacial surgeries involving bone reconstruction and bone transplantation, which puts forward the requirements for bone adhesives that are stable, durable, biosafe, and biodegradable in wet environment. To relieve the suffering of patients during maxillofacial surgery with one-step operation and satisfying repair, herein, we developed a double-cross-linked A-O hydrogel named by its two components: [(3-Aminopropyl) methacrylamide]--{[Tris(hydroxymethyl) methyl] acrylamide} and oxidated methylcellulose. With excellent bone adhesion ability, it can maintain long-lasting stable underwater bone adhesion for over 14 days, holding a maximum adhesion strength of 2.

Vascular and lymphatic heterogeneity and age-related variations of dental pulps.

Objectives: Dental pulp tissue is highly vascularized. However, age-related vascular changes of the dental pulp in mice and humans remain poorly understood. We modified a novel tissue clearing method, mapped the vasculature, pericytes, and perivascular matrix in the dental pulp via high-resolution 3D imaging.

Development of a Stretchable and Water-Resistant Hydrogel with Antibacterial and Antioxidant Dual Functions for Wound Healing in Movable Parts.

The treatment of wounds that develop on moving parts of the body, such as joints, is considered a challenge due to poor mechanical matching and secondary injury caused by continuous motion and inflammation. Herein, a stretchable, multifunctional hydrogel dressing utilizing the dual cross-linking of chitosan (CS) and acrylic acid (AA) and modified with caffeic acid (CA) and aloin (Alo) was developed. Mechanical testing demonstrated that the hydrogel possessed excellent stretching capability (of approximately 869%) combined with outstanding adhesion (about 56 kPa), contributing to its compatibility with moving parts and allowing complete coverage of wound sites without limiting joint and organ motion.

Blue-ringed octopus-inspired microneedle patch for robust tissue surface adhesion and active injection drug delivery.

Intratissue topical medication is important for the treatment of cutaneous, mucosal or splanchnic diseases. However, penetrating surface barriers to providing adequate and controllable drug delivery while guaranteeing adhesion in bodily fluids remains challenging. Here, the predatory behavior of the blue-ringed octopus inspired us with a strategy to improve topical medication.

Drug-Delivery Nanoplatform with Synergistic Regulation of Angiogenesis-Osteogenesis Coupling for Promoting Vascularized Bone Regeneration.

It has been confirmed that substantial vascularization is an effective strategy to heal large-scale bone defects in the field of bone tissue engineering. The local application of deferoxamine (DFO) is among the most common and effective methods for promoting the formation of blood vessels, although its short half-life in plasma, rapid clearance, and poor biocompatibility limit its therapeutic suitability. Herein, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was selected as a vehicle to extend the half-life of DFO.

Alkaline earth metals for osteogenic scaffolds: From mechanisms to applications.

Regeneration of bone defects is a significant challenge today. As alternative approaches to the autologous bone, scaffold materials have remarkable features in treating bone defects; however, the various properties of current scaffold materials still fall short of expectations. Due to the osteogenic capability of alkaline earth metals, their application in scaffold materials has become an effective approach to improving their properties.

Biomechanical behavior analysis of four types of short implants with different placement depths using the finite element method.

Statement Of Problem: The clinical application of short implants has been increasing. However, studies on the marginal bone loss of short implants are sparse, and clinicians often choose short implants based on their own experience rather than on scientific information.

Purpose: The purpose of this finite element analysis study was to evaluate the microstrain-stress distribution in the peri-implant bone and implant components for 4 types of short implants at different placement depths of platform switching.

Multi-Mechanism Antibacterial Strategies Enabled by Synergistic Activity of Metal-Organic Framework-Based Nanosystem for Infected Tissue Regeneration.

Drug-resistant bacterial infection impairs tissue regeneration and is a challenging clinical problem. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) opens up a new era for antibiotic-free infection treatment. However, the MOF-based PDT normally encounters limited photon absorbance under visible light and notorious recombination of photogenerated holes and electrons, which significantly impede their applications.

Low-Swelling Adhesive Hydrogel with Rapid Hemostasis and Potent Anti-Inflammatory Capability for Full-Thickness Oral Mucosal Defect Repair.

Full-thickness oral mucosal defects are accompanied by significant blood loss and frequent infections. Instead of conventional therapies that separate hemostasis and anti-inflammation in steps, emerging hydrogels can integrate multiple functions for the successive process after defect including hemostasis/inflammatory phase, proliferative phase, and remodeling phase. However, these functions can be easily compromised by rapid swelling and degradation of hydrogels in wet oral environment.

One-Pot Facile Encapsulation of Dimethyloxallyl Glycine by Nanoscale Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks-8 for Enhancing Vascularized Bone Regeneration.

In the process of bone tissue regeneration, regulation of osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling is of great importance. Therefore, dimethyloxallyl glycine (DMOG) is loaded by nanoscale zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 (ZIF-8) to obtain a drug-loading system that can promote osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling. Characterization of the drug-loading nanoparticles (DMOG@ZIF-8) reveals that DMOG is successfully loaded into ZIF-8 by two different methods, and the DMOG@ZIF-8 is prepared using the one-pot method (OD@ZIF-8) achieves higher loading efficiency and longer release time than those prepared using the post-loading method (PD@ZIF-8).

Structural-Functional Pluralistic Modification of Silk Fibroin via MOF Bridging for Advanced Wound Care.

Silk fibroin (SF) is widely used to fabricate biomaterials for skin related wound caring or monitoring, and its hydrogel state are preferred for their adaptability and easy to use. However, in-depth development of SF hydrogel is restricted by their limited mechanical strength, increased risk of infection, and inability to accelerate tissue healing. Therefore, a structure-function pluralistic modification strategy using composite system of metal organic framework (MOF) as bridge expanding SF's biomedical application is proposed.