Rare microbial taxa as the major drivers of nutrient acquisition under moss biocrusts in karst area.

Karst rocky desertification refers to the process of land degradation caused by various factors such as climate change and human activities including deforestation and agriculture on a fragile karst substrate. Nutrient limitation is common in karst areas. Moss crust grows widely in karst areas.

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on L. Growing on Soils Contaminated with Heavy Metals.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been shown to assist plants in increasing metal tolerance and accumulation in heavy metal (HM)-contaminated soils. Herein, a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to assess the interactions of growth substrates (S1, S2, and S3, respectively) with various HM contamination and nutrient status sampling from a typical contaminated soil and tailings in Shuikoushan lead/zinc mining in Hunan province, China, and AMF inoculation obtained from plants in uncontaminated areas (, and uninoculated, respectively) on the biomass and uptake of HMs and phosphorus (P) by the black locust plant ( L.).

Deciphering the microbial diversity associated with healthy and wilted rhizosphere soil.

Plant health is closely related to the soil, where microorganisms play a critical and unique role. For instance, is an emerging woody oil crop in China with attractive development and utilization prospects. However, black root rot causes wilting of the aboveground plant parts, which significantly affected its seed yield and quality.

[Effects of Nano-membrane on Aerobic Composting Process and Odor Emission of Livestock Manure].

Aerobic composting is an important approach to treat livestock manure; however, traditional composting has some problems, such as low efficiency, or odorous pollution. In order to speed up the composting process and reduce malodorous gas emissions, this study explored the mechanism of nano-membrane for improving the efficiency of livestock manure composting. A trough aerobic composting experiment was set up to evaluate the physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and emission of odorous gases.

Safety and efficiency of sewage sludge and garden waste compost as a soil amendment based on the field application in woodland.

Sewage sludge (SS) and garden waste (GW) compost can be used as soil amendments to improve the soil environment. Studies done till date have been focused on the changes of harmful substances during sludge composting, but the safety and efficacy of SS and GW composting on woodland soil environment are still unclear. In the study, a field experiment was performed using to investigate the safety and efficacy of SS and GW compost as a soil amendment on woodland soil.

[Biodegradation of Expanded Polystyrene Foams in : Effects of Gut Microbiota].

Polystyrene (PS) foam is one of the main plastic materials dispersed in the environment. In this study, we observed that the insect-super mealworms (), which belong to a species of the genus, are able to consume and degrade PS foam. Individual consumed an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) over 50 days with high survival rates.

Biodegradation of expanded polystyrene and low-density polyethylene foams in larvae of Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): Broad versus limited extent depolymerization and microbe-dependence versus independence.

Yellow mealworms (Tenebrio molitor larvae) are capable of biodegrading polystyrene (PS) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). This study tested biodegradation of one expanded PS (EPS) with a weight-average molecular weight (M) 256.4 kDa and two LDPE foams with respective M of 130.

Changes in Plant Rhizosphere Microbial Communities under Different Vegetation Restoration Patterns in Karst and Non-karst Ecosystems.

Understanding how patterns of recovery and geological conditions affect microbial communities is important for determining the stability of karst ecosystems. Here, we investigated the diversity and composition of microorganisms in karst and non-karst environments under natural restoration and artificial rehabilitation conditions. The results showed no significant differences in soil microbial diversity, but the microbial communities associated with geological conditions and tree species differed significantly.

Insights into functional microbial succession during nitrogen transformation in an ectopic fermentation system.

The ectopic fermentation system (EFS) is an advanced technology for treating farm wastewater, and it reduces ammonia nitrogen emission and nitrogen loss of fermentation products. This study observed the functional bacteria succession related to nitrogen metabolism in EFS by high throughput sequencing, and evaluated their associations with environmental factors. Results revealed that with the changes of temperature, pH, moisture content, and nitrogen content during fermentation, the species richness and diversity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) with amoA increased, but those of denitrifying bacteria carrying nirK and nosZ decreased.

Changes in rhizosphere bacterial communities during remediation of heavy metal-accumulating plants around the Xikuangshan mine in southern China.

Mining and smelting activities are the major sources of antimony (Sb) contamination. The soil around Xikuangshan (XKS), one of the largest Sb mines in the world, has been contaminated with high concentrations of Sb and other associated metals, and has attracted extensive scholarly attention. Phytoremediation is considered a promising method for removing heavy metals, and the diversity and structure of rhizosphere microorganisms may change during the phytoremediation process.

The suitability of growing mulberry (Morus alba L.) on soils consisting of urban sludge composted with garden waste: a new method for urban sludge disposal.

Efficient disposal of urban sewage sludge, material that typically contains high concentrations of heavy metals, has become a significant concern worldwide. The empirical purpose of the current study is to investigate physical and chemical parameters of composted sludge and garden waste at different ratios. Results reveal that nutrient content has significantly increased after the application of composts as compared to the controlled sample.

Microbial community analysis of apple rhizosphere around Bohai Gulf.

Bohai Gulf is the main area for apple tree cultivation in China. Consecutive replanting significantly affects the yield and quality of apple trees in this area. Microecological imbalance in apple trees' rhizospheres caused by variation in the soil microbial community is considered the primary cause of apple replant disease (ARD).

[Screening and Enzyme Production Characteristics of Thermophilic Cellulase-producing Strains].

A total of 6 thermophilic cellulase-producing strainswere isolated from organic garden waste mixed chicken composting at thermophilic period. These isolates were identified as Streptomyces thermoviolaceus, S. thermodiastaticus, S.

Bacterial community compositions in sediment polluted by perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) using Illumina high-throughput sequencing.

The characterization of bacterial community compositions and the change in perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) along a natural river distribution system were explored in the present study. Illumina high-throughput sequencing was used to explore bacterial community diversity and structure in sediment polluted by PFAAs from the Xiaoqing River, the area with concentrated fluorochemical facilities in China. The concentration of PFAAs was in the range of 8.

[Effects of Perfluoroalkyl Substances on the Microbial Community Structure in Surface Sediments of Typical River, China].

In order to reveal the relationship between Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) contamination and the bacterial community composition, surface sediment samples were collected along the Xiaoqing River in Shandong Province in April and July 2014 (XQ1-XQ10), where many PFASs manufacturers were located. PFASs were quantified by HPLC/MS-MS, related environmental factors affecting the microbial community structure were measured, and the microbial community structure in surface sediments was measured by the second-generation sequencing technology Illumina MiSeq. The results not only revealed the degree of PFASs pollution in the sediments of Xiaoqing River, but also illustrated the relationship between PFASs pollution and the microbial community structure.

Improved fermentation performance in an expanded ectopic fermentation system inoculated with thermophilic bacteria.

Previous research showed that ectopic fermentation system (EFS) inoculated with thermophilic bacteria is an excellent alternative for cow wastewater treatment. In this study, the effects of thermophilic bacterial consortium on the efficiency and quality of the fermentation process in EFS were evaluated by measuring physicochemical and environmental factors and the changes in organic matter composition. In parallel, the microbial communities correlated with fermentation performance were identified.

[Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizae on growth, heavy metal uptake and accumulation of Zenia insignis Chun seedlings].

To solve the trace metal pollution of a Pd/Zn mine in Hunan province, a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Glomus mosseae (Gm) and Glomus intraradices (Gi), on the growth, heavy metal uptake and accumulation of Zenia insignis Chun, the pioneer plant there. The results showed that symbiotic associations were successfully established between the two isolates and Z. insignis in heavy metal contaminated soil.

[Isolation and characterization of two bacteria with heavy metal resistance and phosphate solubilizing capability].

Two phosphate solubilizing bacteria (T PSB1 and T PSB 2) with high heavy metal resistance were isolated from soil of a lead-zinc mine in Huayuan of Hunan Province, China. These two bacteria were identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Burkholderia gladioli by 16S rRNA sequencing analysis, respectively. In the media containing insoluble inorganic calcium phosphate, the soluble phosphate amounts reached respectively 402.

[Diversity of culturable filamentous bacteria in the activated sludge from A2O wastewater treatment process].

The anoxic-anaerobic-oxic (A2O) process is widely used in wastewater treatment plant, however, sludge bulking and foaming are the most frequent operational problems in this process. Activated sludge bulking is caused by the overgrowth of some types of filamentous bacteria, especially Microthrix parvicella. In the study, 17 strains of filamentous bacteria were isolated from the bulking sludge of A2O process using Gause's medium.

[Isolation of quizalofop-p-ethyl-degrading bacteria from soil by DGGE-colony in situ hybridization].

Naturally occurring bacteria isolates capable of metabolizing pesticides have received considerable attention because they offer the possibility of both environmentally friendly and in situ remediation. The effect of herbicide quizalofop-p-ethyl on bacterial community in soil was analyzed using the technique of PCR-DGGE for isolating strains biodegrading quizalofop-p-ethyl. Results indicated that the soil bacterial community structures significantly changed after adding quizalofop-p-ethyl.