A MYCN-independent mechanism mediating secretome reprogramming and metastasis in -amplified neuroblastoma.

amplification () is a defining feature of high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) and predicts poor prognosis. However, whether genes within or in close proximity to the amplicon also contribute to NB remains poorly understood. Here, we identify that , a transcription factor encoding gene neighboring the locus, is frequently coexpressed with and promotes cell survival in NB.

Cholinergic projections to the preBötzinger complex.

Rhythmic inspiratory activity is generated in the preBötzinger complex (preBötC), a neuronal network located bilaterally in the ventrolateral medulla. Cholinergic neurotransmission affects respiratory rhythmogenic neurons and inhibitory glycinergic neurons in the preBötC. Acetylcholine has been extensively investigated given that cholinergic fibers and receptors are present and functional in the preBötC, are important in sleep/wake cycling, and modulate inspiratory frequency through its action on preBötC neurons.