Free Water MRI of White Matter in Wilson's Disease.

Background: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is susceptible to partial volume effects from free water, which can be corrected by using bi-tensor free water imaging (FWI). This approach may improve the evaluation of microstructural changes associated with Wilson's disease (WD).

Purpose: To investigate microstructural changes in white matter of WD using DTI and FWI.

Advancing stroke safety and efficacy through early tirofiban administration after intravenous thrombolysis: The multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind ASSET IT trial protocol.

Background: Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is the cornerstone treatment for the acute ischemic stroke (AIS) within 4.5 h after onset. Current guidelines recommend administering antiplatelet medications 24 h after IVT.

Neuroimaging Correlates with Clinical Severity in Wilson Disease: A Multiparametric Quantitative Brain MRI.

Background And Purpose: Previous studies have reported metal accumulation and microstructure changes in deep gray nuclei (DGN) in Wilson disease (WD). However, there are limited studies that investigate whether there is metal accumulation and microstructure changes in DGN of patients with WD with normal-appearing routine MRI. This study aimed to evaluate multiparametric changes in DGN of WD and whether the findings correlate with clinical severity in patients with WD.

Endovascular vs Medical Management of Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: In several randomized clinical trials, endovascular thrombectomy led to better functional outcomes than conventional treatment at 90 days poststroke in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion. However, the long-term clinical outcomes of these patients have not been well delineated.

Objective: To evaluate 1-year clinical outcomes in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion following endovascular thrombectomy vs control.

Thrombectomy improves functional independence in severe basilar artery occlusion with favorable collateral circulation.

Background And Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of collateral circulation on the outcomes of thrombectomy versus medical management alone in basilar artery occlusion (BAO) patients with varying stroke severities.

Methods: Data from the ATTENTION cohort were used to perform a post-hoc analysis comparing the outcomes of thrombectomy with medical management in BAO patients with varying degrees of collateral circulation and stroke severity. Basilar Artery on Computed Tomography Angiography (BATMAN) scores were used to quantify the collateral circulation, and the effect was estimated through a primary outcome of 90-day functional independence (modified Rankin Scale score, mRS ≤2).

Male-specific, replicable and functional roles of genetic variants and cerebral gray matter volumes in ADHD: a gene-wide association study across KTN1 and a region-wide functional validation across brain.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with reduction of cortical and subcortical gray matter volumes (GMVs). The kinectin 1 gene (KTN1) has recently been reported to significantly regulate GMVs and ADHD risk. In this study, we aimed to identify sex-specific, replicable risk KTN1 alleles for ADHD and to explore their regulatory effects on mRNA expression and cortical and subcortical GMVs.

Increased Magnetic Susceptibility in the Deep Gray Matter Nuclei of Wilson's Disease: Have We Been Ignoring Atrophy?

Background: Histopathological studies in Wilson's disease (WD) have revealed increased copper and iron concentrations in the deep gray matter nuclei. However, the commonly used mean bulk susceptibility only reflects the regional metal concentration rather than the total metal content, and regional atrophy may affect the assessment of mean bulk susceptibility. Our study aimed to quantitatively assess the changes of metal concentration and total metal content in deep gray matter nuclei by quantitative susceptibility mapping to distinguish patients with neurological and hepatic WD from healthy controls.

Sex-different interrelationships of rs945270, cerebral gray matter volumes, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a region-wide study across brain.

Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) reported that the allele C of rs945270 of the kinectin 1 gene (KTN1) most significantly increased the gray matter volume (GMV) of the putamen and modestly regulated the risk for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). On the other hand, ADHD is known to be associated with a reduction in subcortical and cortical GMVs. Here, we examined the interrelationships of the GMVs, rs945270 alleles, and ADHD symptom scores in the same cohort of children.

An Update on Nondopaminergic Treatments for Motor and Non-motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease.

Nondopaminergic neurotransmitters such as adenosine, norepinephrine, serotonin, glutamate, and acetylcholine are all involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) and promote its symptoms. Therefore, nondopaminergic receptors are key targets for developing novel preparations for the management of motor and non-motor symptoms in PD, without the potential adverse events of dopamine replacement therapy. We reviewed English-written articles and ongoing clinical trials of nondopaminergic treatments for PD patients till 2014 to summarize the recent findings on nondopaminergic preparations for the treatment of PD patients.

Sjögren's syndrome with rapidly progressive motor neuron disease: a case report.

Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple systems. Sjögren's syndrome with motor neuron disease is rarely reported. Herein, we describe a patient with rapidly progressive motor neuron disease secondary to Sjögren's syndrome.