Association Between Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among Women and the Implementation of Tobacco Control Measures on Campus: A Cross-Sectional Study in 50 Universities Across China.

Introduction: Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) among women is prevalent in China which increases their risk of developing a wide range of diseases and can affect their susceptibility to adverse reproductive health effects. This study aims to examine the association between SHS exposure among women and the adoption and implementation of tobacco control measures on campus in China.

Aims And Methods: 7469 female college students who have never smoked were recruited from 50 universities across China using a multistage sampling technique.

Racial disparities in Death rates and Death incidences in Xinjiang: A study of multilevel ecological mechanisms.

Health disparities based on racial status are well-researched by social scientists, but this field of knowledge has rarely been investigated beyond the Western context. As the largest province in China, Xinjiang has over 50% non-Han populace-and this group is subjected to various forms of inequalities. The current study is the first to quantitatively demonstrate the disparity in mortality between the Han majority and Turkic minority in Xinjiang.

The toxic gift: reciprocity and social capital in cigarette exchange in China.

The widespread exchange of tobacco cigarettes as a gift in some societies normalises the symbolic desirability of tobacco products and promotes smoking. Little is known about how and why people exchange toxic substances as gifts. This study argues two key factors involved in social exchange processes - reciprocity and social capital - can explain gift cigarette circulation.

Vaping in a Time of Pandemics: Risk Perception and Motivations for Electronic Cigarette Use.

Introduction: Prior studies on the association between the intensity of and motives for vaping e-cigarettes have highlighted the psychological dynamics of motivational changes, but less about how vaping motives may shift as a function of risk perceptions exacerbated by unanticipated events. This study frames the COVID-19 pandemic as an exacerbating threat to pulmonary health, and tests how e-cigarette users' risk perceptions of COVID-19 are related to different motives for vaping and ultimately the intensity of e-cigarette use.

Aims And Methods: An online survey of e-cigarette users in the United States (n = 562) was conducted during April 2020 when much of the United States was under "lockdown" conditions.

The Moderation Role of Neuroticism for Anxiety among Burdened Dementia Caregivers: A Study on Care Giver-Recipient Dyads.

Caregiving burden proves to be a risk factor of anxiety disorders and anxiety affection. The current study investigates how an endogenous personality dimension - neuroticism - moderates the association between caregiving burden and anxiety affection. Between 2015 and 2017, the study deployed a cross-sectional survey of 674 (response rate = 89%) older adults who were hospitalized for dementia at two hospitals.

Association of Excessive Use with Mental Disorders: A Representative Nationwide Study in China.

Objectives: We examined associations between excessive use and mental disorders at the individual and contextual level.

Methods: We conducted a representative nationwide survey sampling process of 11,283 medical students from 30 universities in China. Mental health status was measured by the Chinese Health Questionnaire.

Uncertainty Stress, and Its Impact on Disease Fear and Prevention Behavior during the COVID-19 Epidemic in China: A Panel Study.

We examined changing trends of uncertainty stress, and its impact on disease fear and prevention behaviors during the Chinese COVID-19 epidemic, using a prospective observational study. We employed a longitudinal design. We recruited participants for an online panel survey from chat groups on social media platforms.

Perceived Beliefs, Uncertainty, and Behavioral Responses During the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: Findings From a Convenience Sample.

Purpose: To investigate perceived beliefs, uncertainty, and behavioral responses among Chinese residents toward the COVID-19 outbreak, and explore their relationships amid an incipient pandemic.

Design: A cross-sectional correlational survey with a combination of a convenience and snowball sampling design.

Setting: This study was conducted online from February 7 to 14, 2020, the third week after the lockdown of Wuhan city on January 23.

Social deprivation and secondhand smoke exposure among urban male residents: A nationwide study in China.

Introduction: Social deprivation is a known determinant of health and related behaviors. Many studies have linked socioeconomic factors to secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. However, no studies have examined the relationship between social deprivation and SHS exposure.

Changing trends of mental and behavioral responses and associations during the COVID-19 epidemic in China: a panel study.

This prospective observational study examined changing trends in mental and behavioral responses, and their association with perceived risk, severity, self-efficacy and isolation status during the Chinese COVID-19 epidemic. There were five waves of interviews. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric test methods were used for data analysis.

Class Status and Social Mobility on Tobacco Smoking in Post-Reform China Between 1991 and 2011.

Introduction: There is growing attention to social mobility's impact on tobacco use, but few studies have differentiated the two conceptually distinct mechanisms through which changes in social class can affect tobacco smoking: the class status effect and the mobility effect.

Aims And Methods: I applied Diagonal Reference Modeling to smoking and heavy smoking among respondents of the 1991 China Health and Nutrition Survey who were revisited two decades later in 2011 (n = 3841, 49% male, baseline mean age was 38 years). I divided the sample into six social classes (non-employment, self-employed, owners, workers, farmers, and retirees) and measured social mobility by changes in income and occupational prestige.

Behavioral and psychosocial correlates of road traffic injuries: evidence from a nationwide study on Chinese undergraduates.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and behavioral and psychosocial correlates of road traffic injuries (RTIs) among Chinese university students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among fifty universities in China, using a multi-stage sampling methodology. The participants were asked to report their RTIs in the past year.

The Two Faces of Diversity: The Relationships between Religious Polarization, Religious Fractionalization, and Self-rated Health.

A dominant discourse in the social sciences theorizes that religious diversity puts individuals' health at risk via interreligious hostility. However, this discourse overlooks the different subtypes of religious diversity and the moderation of political institutions. To better understand the issue of diversity and health, in this study, we distinguish between two subtypes of religious diversity-polarization and fractionalization-and argue that their impacts on health are heterogeneous.

The effectiveness of the "SMG" model for health-promoting lifestyles among empty nesters: a community intervention trial.

Background: With the disintegration of the extended family in recent years, the empty-nest phenomenon is increasingly common in China and the health of empty nesters is attracting more attention. Lifestyles, accounting for 53% in determining death, play a vital role in improving the health of individuals. However, it was rarely studied in promoting the health of empty nesters.

Smoking in the temple of the holy spirit? Geographic location matters.

Smoking at a young age poses significant risks to one's health and is linked with a wide range of deviant conducts. While prior research has looked into the ways in which individual religious characteristics may influence smoking, much less is known about how the overall religious context in which individuals are embedded may affect smoking during adolescence and early adulthood. In this study, multilevel regression analyses were used on nationally representative panel data to explore this understudied area.

Relative deprivation in context: How contextual status homogeneity shapes the relationship between disadvantaged social status and health.

We examine the relationship between disadvantaged social status and adverse health outcomes within a context-contingent thesis of relative deprivation. We argue that the health effect of low relative status depends on contextual status homogeneity, which is measured as income inequality and group diversity. Applying mixed-effect modeling to the pooled 2011-2013 Chinese General Social Survey and exploring the cross-level interactions, we found that 1) people in the bottom socioeconomic quartile report significantly better health when contextual income inequality is lower; 2) racial-ethnic minorities report significantly better health when contextual ethnic diversity is higher; and 3) religious minorities also report significantly better health when contextual religious diversity is higher.

Correction to: Nativity Homogeneity in Social Networks and Prostitution Patronage Among Male Migrant Laborers.

The original version of this article unfortunately missed to add the affiliation of the corresponding author. The new affiliation is "Department of Sociology and Social Work, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China".

Risk factors of mental disorders among empty and non-empty nesters in Shanxi, China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: China has the world's largest size of elderly population. Mental disorders of the elders deserve keen attention. This study aims to comparatively explore mental disorders and risk factors among empty and non-empty nesters.

Nativity Homogeneity in Social Networks and Prostitution Patronage Among Male Migrant Laborers.

Previous studies have repeatedly found the association between network homogeneity based on native-place and sexual risk behaviors among migrants. However, it remains unclear why such a simple numerical property of network composition can be correlated with a sexual risk behavior. Using a dataset (n = 1591) with detailed information on the sexual behaviors among male migrant laborers in the two Chinese provinces with the highest migrant inflows, we confirmed network homogeneity is significantly associated with prostitution patronage.

Improvement of social support in empty-nest elderly: results from an intervention study based on the Self-Mutual-Group model.

Background: China has the world's largest elderly population and an increasing number of empty-nest elderly. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Self-Mutual-Group model on social support of the empty-nest elderly, thus providing reference for improving their quality of life.

Methods: A intervention study was conducted between October 2016 and May 2017 at six communities in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.

Air pollution as a catalyst for supporting tobacco control policies? Evidence from a nationwide study on Chinese medical students.

Purpose: Few studies have discussed how the increasing ambient air pollution may affect policy-related attitudes. Medical professionals constitute an important interest group who analyse and solve public issues within a medicalised framework. The current study investigates whether ambient air pollution is associated with a greater likelihood of supporting tobacco control measures among medical students.

Individual and regional association between socioeconomic status and uncertainty stress, and life stress: a representative nationwide study of China.

Background: Many studies have examined the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and mental stress. Uncertainty stress is a prominent aspect of mental stress. Yet no research has ever empirically analyzed the impact of SES on uncertainty stress.

Acculturation Versus Cultural Retention: The Interactive Impact of Acculturation and Co-ethnic Ties on Substance Use Among Chinese Students in the United States.

Acculturation is often found to increase substance use among immigrants in the U.S., but such effect may depend on how immigrants are attached to their co-ethnic community.