infection can induce necrotic enteritis and lead to significant economic loss to the chicken industry. In this study, a xylanase (Xyn10C), which effectively promotes the growth of probiotics, and a protease, which degrades the biofilm of were analyzed for their ability to alleviate -induced necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. A total of 300 male AA chickens were divided into five treatment groups (control, no enzyme and no challenge; Cp, no enzyme, challenge; Xyn, Xyn10C plus challenge; Xyn+Am, Xyn10C+Amylase plus challenge; Xyn+Ap, Xyn10C+Alkaline protease plus challenge).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Microbiol Biotechnol
November 2024
The rapid global increase in fossil fuel and energy consumption has resulted in the accumulation of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO), thus contributing to climate change. Therefore, transforming CO into valuable products could yield beneficial outcomes. In this review, the capabilities of Cupriavidus necator H16, a light-independent chemoautotrophic bacterium, as a host platform for the transformation of CO into diverse products are explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh altitude is characterized by low oxygen, low pressure, and high radiation. When migrates from low to high altitudes, the body's tissues and organs experience hypoxic stress and will present acoustic adaptation as the protective response. However, the mechanisms of acoustic adaptation at high altitudes remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Commensal bacteria in the intestine release enzymes to degrade and ferment dietary components, producing beneficial metabolites. However, the regulatory effects of microbial-derived enzymes on the intestinal microbiota composition and the influence on host health remain elusive. Xylanase can degrade xylan into oligosaccharides, showing wide application in feed industry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is a key precursor of polymethyl methacrylate, extensively used as a transparent thermoplastic in various industries. Conventional MMA production poses health and environmental risks; hence, citramalate serves as an alternative bacterial compound precursor for MMA production. The highest citramalate titer was previously achieved by Escherichia coli BW25113.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Environ Microbiol
July 2024
Genetic engineering at the genomic scale provides a rapid means to evolve microbes for desirable traits. However, in many filamentous fungi, such trials are daunted by low transformation efficiency. Differentially expressed genes under certain conditions may contain important regulatory factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) are presently used as the first-line drugs for the clinical treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It can regulate blood glucose by stimulating insulin secretion and lowering glucagon levels. We used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to detect structural changes in the composition of the intestinal flora of newly diagnosed T2DM after 1 and 48 weeks of dulaglutide administration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChicken coccidiosis is an intestinal disease caused by the parasite Eimeria, which severely damages the growth of chickens and causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry. Improvement of the immune protective effect of antigens to develop high efficiency subunit vaccines is one of the hotspots in coccidiosis research. Sporozoite-specific surface antigen 1 (SAG1) of Eimeria tenella (E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMany endeavors in expressing a heterologous gene in microbial hosts rely on simply placing the gene of interest between a selected pair of promoters and terminator. However, although the expression efficiency could be improved by engineering the host cell, how modifying the expression cassette itself systematically would affect heterologous gene expression remains largely unknown. As the promoter and terminator bear plentiful -elements, herein using the mannanase with high application value in animal feeds and the eukaryotic filamentous fungus workhorse as a model gene/host, systematic engineering of an expression cassette was investigated to decipher the effect of its mutagenesis on heterologous gene expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcotoxicol Environ Saf
March 2024
The manganese peroxidase (MnP) can degrade multiple mycotoxins including deoxynivalenol (DON) efficiently; however, the lignin components abundant in foods and feeds were discovered to interfere with DON catalysis. Herein, using MnP from Ceriporiopsis subvermispora (CsMnP) as a model, it was demonstrated that desired catalysis of DON, but not futile reactions with lignin, in the reaction systems containing feeds could be achieved by engineering MnP and supplementing with a boosting reactant. Specifically, two successive strategies (including the fusion of CsMnP to a DON-recognizing ScFv and identification of glutathione as a specific targeting enhancer) were combined to overcome the lignin competition, which together resulted into elevation of the degradation rate from 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlobal concern exists regarding the contamination of food and animal feed with aflatoxin B (AFB), which poses a threat to the health of both humans and animals. Previously, we found that a laccase from Bacillus subtilis (BsCotA) effectively detoxified AFB in a reaction mediated by methyl syringate (MS), although the underlying mechanism has not been determined. Therefore, our primary objective of this study was to explore the detoxification mechanism employed by BsCotA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The acute levodopa challenge test (ALCT) is an important and valuable examination but there are still some shortcomings with it. We aimed to objectively assess ALCT based on a depth camera and filter out the best indicators.
Methods: Fifty-nine individuals with parkinsonism completed ALCT and the improvement rate (IR, which indicates the change in value before and after levodopa administration) of the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III (MDS-UPDRS III) was calculated.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
December 2024
The cellulose-rich corncob residue (CCR) is an abundant and renewable agricultural biomass that has been under-exploited. In this study, two strategies were compared for their ability to transform CCR into cello-oligosaccharides (COS). The first strategy employed the use of endo-glucanases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Thermophilic fungus Myceliophthora thermophila has been widely used in industrial applications due to its ability to produce various enzymes. However, the lack of an efficient protein expression system has limited its biotechnological applications.
Results: In this study, using a laccase gene reporting system, we developed an efficient protein expression system in M.
Capsaicinoids are mostly derived from chili peppers and have widespread applications in food, feed, and pharmacology. Compared with plant extraction, the use of microbial cell factories for capsaicinoids production is considered as a more efficient approach. Here, the biotransformation of renewable plant oil and vanillylamine into capsaicinoid nonivamide was investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are a class of medications used to treat type 2 diabetes, including metformin, which is considered first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes. In recent years, GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have been found to alter the composition and structure of gut flora and also promote the production of gut probiotics. However, there have been few clinical studies regarding the effects of GLP-1 RAs on gut flora.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Soybean (Glycine max) meal is one of the important protein sources for fish, but the non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) in soybean meal impair the intestinal barrier function. Here we aimed to investigate whether xylanase can alleviate the adverse effects on the gut barrier induced by soybean meal in Nile tilapia and to explore the possible mechanism.
Results: Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (4.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
July 2023
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a pleiotropic protein hormone and has become an attractive therapeutic target because of its multiple roles in various physiological processes, including growth, development, and metabolism. However, its production is hindered by low heterogenous protein expression levels in various expression systems and hard to meet the needs of clinical and scientific research. Here, we report that human IGF-1 and its analog Long R3 IGF-1 (LR3 IGF-1) are recombinant expressed and produced in the Pichia pastoris (P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To quantify bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease (PD) with a Kinect depth camera-based motion analysis system and to compare PD and healthy control (HC) subjects.
Methods: Fifty PD patients and twenty-five HCs were recruited. The Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III (MDS-UPDRS III) was used to evaluate the motor symptoms of PD.
Background: The combination of cellulase and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) is known to boost enzymatic saccharification of cellulose. Although the synergy between cellulases (GH5, 6 or 7) and LPMOs (AA9) has been extensively studied, the interplay between other glycoside hydrolase and LPMO families remains poorly understood.
Results: In this study, two cellulolytic enzyme-encoding genes SmBglu12A and SmLpmo10A from Streptomyces megaspores were identified and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli.
In contrast to O, HO as the cosubstrate for lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) exhibits great advantages in industrial settings for cellulose degradation. However, HO-driven LPMO reactions from natural microorganisms have not been fully explored and understood. Herein, secretome analysis unraveled the HO-driven LPMO reaction in the efficient lignocellulose-degrading fungus , including LPMOs with different oxidative regioselectivities and various HO-generating oxidases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe conversion of CO into valuable bioactive substances using synthetic biological techniques is a potential approach for mitigating the greenhouse effect. Here, the engineering of C. necator H16 to produce N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) from CO is reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Heme proteins, such as hemoglobin, horseradish peroxidase and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme, are highly versatile and have widespread applications in the fields of food, healthcare, medical and biological analysis. As a cofactor, heme availability plays a pivotal role in proper folding and function of heme proteins. However, the functional production of heme proteins is usually challenging mainly due to the insufficient supply of intracellular heme.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCopper (Cu) homeostasis has not been well documented in filamentous fungi, especially extremophiles. One of the main obstacles impeding their characterization is the lack of a powerful genome-editing tool. In this study, we applied a CRISPR/Cas9 system for efficient targeted gene disruption in the acidophilic fungus Acidomyces richmondensis MEY-1, formerly known as sp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTiny amounts of exogenous enzymes entering the plasma can exert important health-promoting functions. We propose that orally administered enzymes can potentially translocate across the gut barrier to combat reduced fitness and diseases concurrent with increased gut permeability. Engineering of the enzymes using two discussed strategies may further improve their translocation efficiency.
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