Effect of Liquid Nitrogen Freezing on Maintaining the Quality of Crayfish During Freeze-Thaw Cycles: Muscle Structure and Myofibrillar Proteins Properties.

The quality of frozen crayfish () is challenged by freeze-thaw (FT) cycles during storage. The effect of freezing methods on the quality of crayfish during FT cycles was investigated by comparing physicochemical properties, microstructure, and myofibrillar protein (MPs) properties. Three methods were used for crayfish freezing, including air convective freezing (AF) at -20 °C and -50 °C, as well as liquid nitrogen freezing (LNF) at -80 °C.

METTL14-mediated mA modification enhances USP22-ERα axis to drive breast cancer malignancy.

The abundance and activity of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) are tightly regulated by ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 (USP22) during the progression of breast cancer (BCa). However, the post-transcriptional modifications on the USP22-ERα axis remain elusive. N6-methyladenosine (mA) is critical to modulate RNA status in eukaryotic cells.

The Ku70-SIX1-GPT2 axis regulates alpha-ketoglutarate metabolism to drive progression of prostate cancer.

Sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX1) is a new identified cancer driver in the development of prostate cancer (PC). However, the upstream regulatory mechanisms for SIX1 reactivation in cancer remains elusive. Here, we found that Ku70 robustly interacts with SIX1 in the nucleus of PC cells.

The development of a low-temperature terahertz scanning tunneling microscope based on a cryogen-free scheme.

We have developed a cryogen-free, low-temperature terahertz scanning tunneling microscope (THz-STM). This system utilizes a continuous-flow cryogen-free cooler to achieve low temperatures of ∼25 K. Meanwhile, an ultra-small ultra-high vacuum chamber results in the reduction of the distance from sample to viewport to only 4 cm.

Regulating "Tip Effect" and Zn-Deposition Kinetics by In Situ Constructing Interphase for Low Voltage Hysteresis and Dendrite-Free Zn Anode.

Metal zinc (Zn) is being explored as a possible anode for aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs). However, unrestrained Zn dendrite caused by "tip effect" and chemical corrosion continue to plague the Zn deposition process, limiting the functionality of AZIBs and prohibiting their use at high current densities. This work presents an in situ approach for introducing homogeneous ZnO nanoarrays onto the surface of Zn foil (Zn@ZnO NAs) as a functional protective interphase.

Employing Graph Neural Networks for Predicting Electrode Average Voltages and Screening High-Voltage Sodium Cathode Materials.

For many years, humans have been relentlessly focused on enhancing battery longevity and boosting energy storage capacities. The performance and durability of a battery depend significantly on the material used for its electrodes. In this context, merging machine learning with density functional theory (DFT) calculations has emerged as a pivotal approach to advancing the exploration of battery crystal structures.

Ferroelectricity in Epitaxial Perovskite Oxide BiWO Films with One-Unit-Cell Thickness.

Retaining ferroelectricity in ultrathin films or nanostructures is crucial for miniaturizing ferroelectric devices, but it is a challenging task due to intrinsic depolarization and size effects. In this study, we have shown that it is possible to stably maintain in-plane polarization in an extremely thin, one-unit-cell thick epitaxial BiWO film. The use of a perfectly lattice-matched NdGaO (110) substrate for the BiWO film minimizes strain and enhances stability.

Selective Adsorption Behavior Modulation on Nickel Selenide by Heteroatom Implantation and Heterointerface Construction Achieves Efficient Co-production of H and Formate.

Glycerol-assisted hybrid water electrolysis is a potential strategy to achieve energy-efficient hydrogen production. However, the design of an efficient catalyst for the specific reaction is still a key challenge, which suffers from the barrier of regulating the adsorption characteristics of distinctive intermediates in different reactions. Herein, a novel rationale that achieves selective adsorption behavior modulation for self-supported nickel selenide electrode by heteroatom implantation and heterointerface construction through electrodeposition is developed, which can realize nichetargeting optimization on hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR), respectively.

Emerging role of engineered exosomes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. NAFLD comprises a continuum of liver abnormalities from nonalcoholic fatty liver to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and can even lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. However, a well-established treatment for NAFLD has yet to be identified.

Electrochemical Biomass Upgrading Coupled with Hydrogen Production under Industrial-Level Current Density.

As promising hydrogen energy carrier, formic acid (HCOOH) plays an indispensable role in building a complete industry chain of a hydrogen economy. Currently, the biomass upgrading assisted water electrolysis has emerged as an attractive alternative for co-producing green HCOOH and H in a cost-effective manner, yet simultaneously affording high current density and Faradaic efficiency (FE) still remains a big challenge. Here, the ternary NiVRu-layered double hydroxides (LDHs) nanosheet arrays for selective glycerol oxidation and hydrogen evolution catalysis are reported, which yield an industry-level 1 A cm at voltage of 1.

Construction of Nitrogen-Doped Biphasic Transition-Metal Sulfide Nanosheet Electrode for Energy-Efficient Hydrogen Production via Urea Electrolysis.

Urea-assisted hybrid water splitting is a promising technology for hydrogen (H ) production, but the lack of cost-effective electrocatalysts hinders its extensive application. Herein, it is reported that Nitrogen-doped Co S /Ni S hybrid nanosheet arrays on nickel foam (N-Co S /Ni S /NF) can act as an active and robust bifunctional catalyst for both urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which could drive an ultrahigh current density of 400 mA cm at a low working potential of 1.47 V versus RHE for UOR, and gives a low overpotential of 111 mV to reach 10 mA cm toward HER.

Neddylation of HER2 Inhibits its Protein Degradation and promotes Breast Cancer Progression.

HER2 is a transmembrane receptor with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity that is overexpressed in almost 25% of human breast cancers. Here, we report that the neddylation of HER2 is a new post-translational modification that controls its expression and oncogenic activity in human breast cancer. Two critical members in the neddylation pathway, NEDD8 and NEDD8-activating enzyme E1 subunit 1 (NAE1), are detected in human breast specimens.

Wafer-Scale Synthesis of 2D Dirac Heterostructures for Self-Driven, Fast, Broadband Photodetectors.

Type-II Dirac semimetal platinum ditelluride (PtTe) is a promising functional material for photodetectors because of its specially tilted Dirac cones, strong light absorption, and high carrier mobilities. The stack of two-dimensional (2D) Dirac heterostructures consisting of PtTe and graphene could overcome the limit of detection range and response time occurring in the heterostructures of graphene and other low-mobility and large-gap transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Here, we report an approach for achieving highly controllable, wafer-scale production of 2D Dirac heterostructures of PtTe/graphene with tunable thickness, variable size, and CMOS compatibility.

Tailoring Nitrogen Species in Disk-Like Carbon Anode Towards Superior Potassium Ion Storage.

Carbon materials, as promising anode candidates for K storage due to their low cost, abundant sources, and high physicochemical stability, however, encounter limited specific capacity and unfavorable cycling stability that seriously hinder their practical applications. Herein, a feasible strategy to tailor and stabilize the nitrogen species in unique P/N co-doped disk-like carbon through the Sn incorporation (P/N -CD) is presented, which can largely enhance the specific capacity and cycling capability for K storage. Specifically, it delivers a high specific capacity of 439.

Phase-Selective Synthesis of Ruthenium Phosphide in Hybrid Structure Enables Efficient Hybrid Water Electrolysis Under pH-Universal Conditions.

Hydrazine-assisted hybrid water electrolysis is an energy-saving approach to produce high-purity hydrogen, whereas the development of pH-universal bifunctional catalysts encounters a grand challenge. Herein, a phase-selective synthesis of ruthenium phosphide compounds hybrid with carbon forming pancake-like particles (denoted as Ru P/C-PAN, x = 1 or 2) is presented. The obtained RuP/C-PAN exhibits the highest catalytic activity among the control samples, delivering ultralow cell voltages of 0.

Water-assisted controllable growth of atomically thin WTenanoflakes by chemical vapor deposition based on precursor design and substrate engineering strategies.

WTenanostructures have intrigued much attention due to their unique properties, such as large non-saturating magnetoresistance, quantum spin Hall effect and topological surface state. However, the controllable growth of large-area atomically thin WTenanostructures remains a significant challenge. In the present work, we demonstrate the controllable synthesis of 1T' atomically thin WTenanoflakes (NFs) by water-assisted ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition method based on precursor design and substrate engineering strategies.

Coexisting Charge-Ordered States with Distinct Driving Mechanisms in Monolayer VSe.

Thinning crystalline materials to two dimensions (2D) creates a rich playground for electronic phases, including charge, spin, superconducting, and topological order. Bulk materials hosting charge density waves (CDWs), when reduced to ultrathin films, have shown CDW enhancement and tunability. However, charge order confined to only 2D remains elusive.

Ultrafast Interlayer Charge Transfer between Bilayer PtSe and Monolayer WS.

Interlayer charge transfer (CT) between PtSe and WS is studied experimentally. Layer-selective pump-probe and photoluminescence quenching measurements reveal ultrafast interlayer CT in the heterostructure formed by bilayer PtSe and monolayer WS, confirming its type-II band alignment. The CT facilitates the formation of the interlayer excitons with a lifetime of several hundred ps to 1 ns, a diffusion coefficient of 0.

Highly Efficient, Ultrabroad PdSe Phototransistors from Visible to Terahertz Driven by Mutiphysical Mechanism.

The noble transition metal dichalcogenide palladium diselenide (PdSe) is an ideal candidate material for broad-spectrum photodetection owing to the large bandgap tunability, high mobility, low thermal conductivity, and large Seebeck coefficient. In this study, self-powered ultrabroadband PdSe photodetectors from the visible-infrared to terahertz (THz) region driven by a mutiphysical mechanism are reported. In the visible-infrared region, the photogenerated electron-hole pairs in the PdSe body are quickly separated by the built-in electric field at the metal-semiconductor interface and achieve a photoresponsivity of 28 A·W at 405 nm and 0.

Selective degradation of AR-V7 to overcome castration resistance of prostate cancer.

Androgen receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7), a form of ligand-independent and constitutively activating variant of androgen receptor (AR), is considered as the key driver to initiate castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Because AR-V7 lacks ligand-binding domain, the AR-targeted therapies that aim to inactivate AR signaling through disrupting the interaction between AR and androgen are limited in CRPC. Thus, the emergence of AR-V7 has become the greatest challenge for treating CRPC.

Reconstruction of conductivity distribution with electrical impedance tomography based on hybrid regularization method.

Physiological or pathological variation would cause a change of conductivity. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is favorable in reconstructing conductivity distribution inside the detected area. However, the reconstruction is an ill-posed inverse problem and the spatial resolution of the reconstructed image is relatively poor.

USP1-dependent RPS16 protein stability drives growth and metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a medical challenge due to its high proliferation and metastasis. Although deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) play a key role in regulating protein degradation, their pathological roles in HCC have not been fully elucidated.

Methods: By using biomass spectrometry, co-immunoprecipitation, western blotting and immunofluorescence assays, we identify ribosomal protein S16 (RPS16) as a key substrate of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 1 (USP1).