Morphological Changes of Medial Epicondyle-Olecranon Ligament and Ulnar Nerve in the Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: An Ultrasonic Study.

Objective: Few studies have performed detailed ultrasound measurements of medial epicondyle-olecranon (MEO) ligament that cause the entrapment of ulnar nerve. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate dynamic ultrasonographic characteristics of MEO ligament and ulnar nerve for clinical diagnosis and accurate treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS).

Methods: Thirty CuTS patients (CuTS group) and sixteen healthy volunteers (control group) who underwent ultrasound scanning from October 2016 to October 2020 were retrospectively collected, with 30 elbows in each group.

[Research progress on metabolomics of acute respiratory distress syndrome].

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a clinically and biologically heterogeneous disease. Given the heterogeneity of ARDS due to the wide range of etiological, clinical, and molecular manifestations, the current scientific consensus is that ARDS is not a single disease, but rather a set of diseases that require further research to properly classify and identify. Metabonomics, as a rapidly developing field of systems biology, has made many breakthroughs in science and medicine as an interdisciplinary platform.

PDCD6 cooperates with C-Raf to facilitate colorectal cancer progression via Raf/MEK/ERK activation.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies, and it's expected that the CRC burden will substantially increase in the next two decades. New biomarkers for targeted treatment and associated molecular mechanism of tumorigenesis remain to be explored. In this study, we investigated whether PDCD6 plays an oncogenic role in colorectal cancer and its underlying mechanism.

TaMCA1, a regulator of cell death, is important for the interaction between wheat and Puccinia striiformis.

Metacaspase orthologs are conserved in fungi, protozoa and plants, however, their roles in plant disease resistance are largely unknown. In this study, we identified a Triticum aestivum metacaspase gene, TaMCA1, with three copies located on chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D. The TaMCA1 protein contained typical structural features of type I metacaspases domains, including an N-terminal pro-domain.

PsANT, the adenine nucleotide translocase of Puccinia striiformis, promotes cell death and fungal growth.

Adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) is a constitutive mitochondrial component that is involved in ADP/ATP exchange and mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis in yeast and mammals. However, little is known about the function of ANT in pathogenic fungi. In this study, we identified an ANT gene of Puccinia striiformis f.

TaADF7, an actin-depolymerizing factor, contributes to wheat resistance against Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici.

The actin cytoskeleton is involved in plant defense responses; however, the role of the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) family, which regulates actin cytoskeletal dynamics, in plant disease resistance, is largely unknown. Here, we characterized a wheat (Triticum aestivum) ADF gene, TaADF7, with three copies located on chromosomes 1A, 1B, and 1D, respectively. All three copies encoded the same protein, although there were variations in 19 nucleotide positions in the open reading frame.

TaMDHAR4, a monodehydroascorbate reductase gene participates in the interactions between wheat and Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants are induced in various cellular compartments upon pathogen infection and act as an early signal during plant-pathogen interactions. Monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) is involved in plant disease resistance through the regulation of the ROS level via the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle. In this study, TaMDHAR4 was firstly isolated from wheat cultivar Suwon 11, and this protein exhibits high similarity to MDHAR proteins from other plant species.

A novel TaMYB4 transcription factor involved in the defence response against Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and abiotic stresses.

MYB transcription factors are a large family of proteins involved in the regulation of secondary metabolism and cell shape, the enhancement of disease resistance and the response to different stresses. In this study, the role of TaMYB4 in wheat against biotic and abiotic stresses was investigated. TaMYB4 was cloned from wheat cv.

The target gene of tae-miR164, a novel NAC transcription factor from the NAM subfamily, negatively regulates resistance of wheat to stripe rust.

microRNA (miRNA) participates in various physiological and biochemical processes in plants by regulating corresponding target genes. NAC [NAM (no apical meristem), ATAF (Arabidopsis transcription activation factor) and CUC (cup-shaped cotyledon)] transcription factors, usually as the targets of miR164, play important roles in the regulation of plant development and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. In a previous study, the target gene of tae-miR164 in wheat was sequenced through degradome sequencing.

Functions of the lethal leaf-spot 1 gene in wheat cell death and disease tolerance to Puccinia striiformis.

Pheophorbide a oxygenase (PaO) is a key enzyme in chlorophyll catabolism that is known to suppress cell death in maize and Arabidopsis. The catalytic activity of PaO in chlorophyll degradation has been clearly demonstrated, but the function of PaO in the regulation of cell death and plant-microbe interactions is largely unknown. In this study, we characterized a PaO homologue in wheat of the lethal leaf-spot 1 gene, TaLls1, that was induced in leaves infected by Puccinia striiformis f.

TaEIL1, a wheat homologue of AtEIN3, acts as a negative regulator in the wheat-stripe rust fungus interaction.

Transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in the transcriptional regulation of plant development and defence responses. Increasing evidence has implicated ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3) in the plant defence response to pathogen infection and environmental stimuli. However, the role of EIN3 in wheat resistance to Puccinia striiformis f.

vsiRNAs derived from the miRNA-generating sites of pri-tae-miR159a based on the BSMV system play positive roles in the wheat response to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici through the regulation of taMyb3 expression.

Plants live in a complex environment, exposed to stresses, such as unsuitable climates, pests and pathogenic microorganisms. Pathogens are one of the most serious factors that threaten plant growth. Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f.