Tracking Multiple Genomic Elements Using Correlative CRISPR Imaging and Sequential DNA FISH.

Live imaging of genome has offered important insights into the dynamics of the genome organization and gene expression. The demand to image simultaneously multiple genomic loci has prompted a flurry of exciting advances in multicolor CRISPR imaging, although color-based multiplexing is limited by the need for spectrally distinct fluorophores. Here we introduce an approach to achieve highly multiplexed live recording via correlative CRISPR imaging and sequential DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Bottom-Up Fabrication of Sulfur-Doped Graphene Films Derived from Sulfur-Annulated Nanographene for Ultrahigh Volumetric Capacitance Micro-Supercapacitors.

Heteroatom doping of nanocarbon films can efficiently boost the pseudocapacitance of micro-supercapacitors (MSCs); however, wafer-scale fabrication of sulfur-doped graphene films with a tailored thickness and homogeneous doping for MSCs remains a great challenge. Here we demonstrate the bottom-up fabrication of continuous, uniform, and ultrathin sulfur-doped graphene (SG) films, derived from the peripherical trisulfur-annulated hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (SHBC), for ultrahigh-rate MSCs (SG-MSCs) with landmark volumetric capacitance. The SG film was prepared by thermal annealing of the spray-coated SHBC-based film, with assistance of a thin Au protecting layer, at 800 °C for 30 min.

Kinetics for Cu(2+) induced Sepia pharaonis arginine kinase inactivation and aggregation.

Arginine kinase plays an important role in cellular energy metabolism and is closely related to the environmental stress response in marine invertebrates. We studied the Cu(2+)-mediated inhibition and aggregation of Sepia pharaonis arginine kinase (SPAK) and found that Cu(2+) markedly inhibited the SPAK activity along with mixed-type inhibition against the arginine substrate and noncompetitive inhibition against the ATP cofactor. Spectrofluorimetry results showed that Cu(2+) induced a tertiary structure change in SPAK, resulting in exposure of the hydrophobic surface and increased aggregation.

The Complement System Component C5a Produces Thermal Hyperalgesia via Macrophage-to-Nociceptor Signaling That Requires NGF and TRPV1.

Unlabelled: The complement cascade is a principal component of innate immunity. Recent studies have underscored the importance of C5a and other components of the complement system in inflammatory and neuropathic pain, although the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. In particular, it is unclear how the complement system communicates with nociceptors and which ion channels and receptors are involved.

Quercetin targets the interaction of calcineurin with LxVP-type motifs in immunosuppression.

Calcineurin (CN) is a unique calcium/calmodulin (CaM)-activated serine/threonine phosphatase. To perform its diverse biological functions, CN communicates with many substrates and other proteins. In the physiological activation of T cells, CN acts through transcriptional factors belonging to the NFAT family and other transcriptional effectors.

Determination of organophosphorus pesticides in ginseng by carbon nanotube envelope-based solvent extraction combined with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.

A miniature extraction envelope containing multiwall carbon nanotubes, diatomite, neutral alumina, and anhydrous magnesium sulfate was developed for the solvent extraction of organophosphorus pesticides in dried ginseng. After the powder of dried ginseng sample was introduced into the envelope, the envelope was heat sealed and sonicated in acetonitrile for the extraction and clean-up of analytes. The resulting extracts were analyzed by an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatograph with an electrospray ion source and a quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometer (UHPLC-ESI/Q-Orbitrap MS) under target-MS(2) mode, and the analytes were quantified by matrix-match calibration.

IKKβ/NFκBp65 activated by interleukin-13 targets the autophagy-related genes LC3B and beclin 1 in fibroblasts co-cultured with breast cancer cells.

Interleukin-13 (IL-13), a Th2 cytokine, plays an important role in fibrosis, inflammation, tissue hyperresponsiveness and tumor development. Although studies have demonstrated that IL-13 exerts its roles through signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) signaling pathway, recent studies have revealed that I kappa B kinase (IKK)/nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathway may also be involved in. The aim of this study was to investigate whether IL-13 delivers signals to IKKβ/NFκBp65 and whether autophagy genes are IL-13-induced the activation of NFκBp65 transcriptional targets in fibroblasts of breast tumor stroma.

Cell cycle related genes up-regulated in human colorectal development predict the overall survival of late-stage colorectal cancer patients.

A tumor can be perceived as a special "organ" that undergoes aberrant and poorly regulated organogenesis. Embryonic development and carcinogenesis share striking similarities in their cellular behavior and underlying molecular mechanisms. This intimate association makes embryonic development a viable reference model for studying cancer thereby circumventing the potentially misleading complexity of tumor heterogeneity.

Downregulation of caveolin‑1 upregulates the expression of growth factors and regulators in co‑culture of fibroblasts with cancer cells.

Reduced expression levels of caveolin‑1 (Cav‑1) in tumor stromal fibroblasts influences the occurrence and progression of tumors, particularly in breast cancer, but the relevant molecular mechanism is unclear. The present study aimed to clarify the potential mechanism underlying the promotion of tumor growth by reduced Cav‑1 expression levels, by investigating Cav‑1‑targeted molecules in fibroblasts and breast cancer cells. The expression of growth factors in the ESF fibroblast cell line transfected with Cav‑1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) was examined.

Multiplex-PCR for Identification of Two Species in Genus Hishimonus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Jujube Orchards.

The insect family Cicadellidae includes economically important vectors of plant pathogens. Hishimonus sellatus (Uhler) transmits jujube witches'-broom (JWB). Currently, H.

Single-excitation dual-color coherent lasing by tuning resonance energy transfer processes in porous structured nanowires.

Single-excitation dual-color coherent lasing was achieved in a mixed random system of a binary dye and the suspension of gold-silver porous nanowires with plenty of nanogaps. This greatly enhanced the local electromagnetic field in the visible range and guaranteed a low threshold and high Q factor (>10 000) operator for simultaneous dual-color lasing. By tuning the resonance energy transfer process in the stimulated emission, triple output modes (single chartreuse lasing, chartreuse and red dual-color lasing, and single red coherent lasing) were easily obtained.

Discovery of a Novel Immune Gene Signature with Profound Prognostic Value in Colorectal Cancer: A Model of Cooperativity Disorientation Created in the Process from Development to Cancer.

Immune response-related genes play a major role in colorectal carcinogenesis by mediating inflammation or immune-surveillance evasion. Although remarkable progress has been made to investigate the underlying mechanism, the understanding of the complicated carcinogenesis process was enormously hindered by large-scale tumor heterogeneity. Development and carcinogenesis share striking similarities in their cellular behavior and underlying molecular mechanisms.

Role of IL-21 signaling pathway in transplant-related biology.

Since pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-21 and its receptor (IL-21R) are closely involved in regulating both innate and adaptive immune responses, it is conceivable that they may play important roles in the field of organ transplantation. IL-21/IL21-R regulates immune activities of CD8+ T cells, Tfh cells, Th17 cells, B cells, NK cells, dendritic cells and stimulates dendritic cells to produce high level of IL-6, TNF-alpha, and CCL2. However, their roles and underlying mechanisms remain obscure.

Advanced colorectal adenoma related gene expression signature may predict prognostic for colorectal cancer patients with adenoma-carcinoma sequence.

Background: There are still no absolute parameters predicting progression of adenoma into cancer. The present study aimed to characterize functional differences on the multistep carcinogenetic process from the adenoma-carcinoma sequence.

Methods: All samples were collected and mRNA expression profiling was performed by using Agilent Microarray high-throughput gene-chip technology.

Active Surveillance is an Appropriate Management Strategy for a Proportion of Men Diagnosed with Prostate Cancer by Prostate Specific Antigen Testing.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the fraction of men who would qualify for active surveillance in a population based cohort diagnosed with prostate cancer. In those who qualified and subsequently underwent primary treatment with radical prostatectomy, we assessed the rate of upgrading and up staging.

Materials And Methods: SABOR is a Clinical and Epidemiologic Center of the EDRN (Early Detection Research Network), NCI (National Cancer Institute), with 3,828 men enrolled at the time of review.

Analysis of temporal and spatial trends of hydro-climatic variables in the Wei River Basin.

The Wei River is the largest tributary of the Yellow River in China. The relationship between runoff and precipitation in the Wei River Basin has been changed due to the changing climate and increasingly intensified human activities. In this paper, we determine abrupt changes in hydro-climatic variables and identify the main driving factors for the changes in the Wei River Basin.

Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility of 186 Candida isolates from vulvovaginal candidiasis in southern China.

There is limited information regarding the molecular epidemiology and antifungal susceptibilities of Candida isolates using the Neo-Sensitabs method in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). From August 2012 to March 2013, 301 non-pregnant patients aged 18-50 years with suspected VVC were prospectively screened at a teaching hospital in southern China. The vaginal isolates were identified by DNA sequencing of internal transcribed spacer and the D1/D2 domain.

Bisphenol A and hormone-associated cancers: current progress and perspectives.

Bisphenol A (BPA), a carbon-based synthetic compound, exhibits hormone-like properties and is present ubiquitously in the environment and in human tissues due to its widespread use and biological accumulation. BPA can mimic estrogen to interact with estrogen receptors α and β, leading to changes in cell proliferation, apoptosis, or migration and thereby, contributing to cancer development and progression. At the genetic level, BPA has been shown to be involved in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways, such as the STAT3, MAPK, and PI3K/AKT pathways.

Predicting cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

Cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is a critical clinical challenge due to poor clinical outcome and increasing prevalence. Nephrologists and transplant specialists need suitable biomarkers to predict the occurrence of cardiovascular events and/or mortality in practice. At the technical level, development of a non-invasive repetitive sampling procedure is required to develop applicable biomarkers, offering a platform for clinicians to dynamically monitor the alteration of patient condition.

Colorimetric and ratiometric pH responses by the protonation of phenolate within hemicyanine.

Compared to the nitrogen-reaction based pH optical responsive compounds, oxygen-reaction related pH sensors have attracted less attention. In this paper, hemicyanine based pH probes are designed by establishing the equilibrium between phenolate and phenol, and their reversible absorption and emission responses towards pH are evaluated. The indolium-phenol based tetramethylene hemicyanine (1a) has colorimetric responses at 455 and 578 nm due to the protonating and deprotonating processes; its emission spectra shows ratiometric changes at 594 and 654 nm with large Stokes shifts under acidic (139 nm) and basic conditions (76 nm).

[Treatment progress for EGFR wild-type advanced non-small cell lung cancer].

Lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer in the world. The treatment remains one of the most challenging tasks in the medical world. The discovery and development of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) have had a major impact in the treatment of non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and estrogen receptor α mediated epithelial dedifferentiation mark the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Background: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been reported involved in the pathogenesis of fibrotic disorders and associated with stemness characteristics. Recent studies demonstrated that human benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) development involves accumulation of mesenchymal-like cells derived from the prostatic epithelium. However, the inductive factors of EMT in the adult prostate and the cause-and-effect relationship between EMT and stemness characteristics are not yet resolved.

Cascade-pumped random lasers with coherent emission formed by Ag-Au porous nanowires.

A series of sequentially cascade-pumped random lasers is reported. It consists of three random lasers in which the Ag-Au bimetallic porous nanowires play the role of scatterers, and the gain materials are coumarin 440 (C440), coumarin 153 (C153), and rhodamine 6G (R6G), respectively. The random laser with C440 is first pumped by a 355 nm pulsed laser.