Artificially Engineered Nanoprobes for Ultrasensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive and radiation-free technique used for soft tissue. However, there are some limitations of the MRI modality, such as low sensitivity and poor image resolution. Artificially engineered magnetic nanoprobes have been extensively explored as a versatile platform for ultrasensitive MRI contrast agents due to their unique physiochemical characteristics and tunable magnetic properties.

Novel humanized monoclonal antibodies against ROR1 for cancer therapy.

Background: Overexpression of receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) contributes to cancer cell proliferation, survival and migration, playing crucial roles in tumor development. ROR1 has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment. This study aimed to develop novel humanized ROR1 monoclonal antibodies and investigate their anti-tumor effects.

CeV Clusters with Multi-Enzymatic Activities for Sepsis Treatment.

Artificial enzymes, especially nanozymes, have attracted wide attention due to their controlled catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability. The rising Cerium-based nanozymes exhibit unique SOD-like activity, and Vanadium-based nanozymes always hold excellent GPx-like activity. However, most inflammatory diseases involve polymerase biocatalytic processes that require multi-enzyme activities.

Application of gold nanoclusters in fluorescence sensing and biological detection.

Gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) exhibit broad fluorescent spectra from visible to near-infrared regions and good enzyme-mimicking catalytic activities. Combined with excellent stability and exceptional biocompatibility, the Au NCs have been widely exploited in biomedicine such as biocatalysis and bioimaging. Especially, the long fluorescence lifetime and large Stokes shift attribute Au NCs to good probes for fluorescence sensing and biological detection.

Exposure to phthalates and their alternatives in relation to biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in adults: evidence from NHANES 2017-2018.

Phthalates and their alternatives are considered significant environmental risk factors that potentially influence inflammation and oxidative stress. However, their impact on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress was inconsistent. This study aimed to explore the associations between phthalates and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and white blood cell (WBC) counts, employing both univariate exposure and multivariate co-exposure models.

A Nanozyme-Based Electrode for High-Performance Neural Recording.

Implanted neural electrodes have been widely used to treat brain diseases that require high sensitivity and biocompatibility at the tissue-electrode interface. However, currently used clinical electrodes cannot meet both these requirements simultaneously, which hinders the effective recording of electronic signals. Herein, nanozyme-based neural electrodes incorporating bioinspired atomically precise clusters are developed as a general strategy with a heterogeneous design for multiscale and ultrasensitive neural recording via quantum transport and biocatalytic processes.

White hyacinth bean polysaccharide ameliorates diabetes via microbiota-gut-brain axis in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.

Gut played a potent role in onset and progression of metabolic disorders, presenting an exciting direction for diabetes prevention. Here, the anti-diabetic effects of White hyacinth bean polysaccharides (WHBP) were observed, including the reduction of blood glucose levels and improvement of intestinal impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. Further data concerning intestinal protection suggested that WHBP restored intestinal barrier, as evidenced by inhibition of intestinal pathological damage, up-regulation of Zonula occluden-1 expression and manipulation of the redox system in T2DM rats.

Modulation of the biocatalytic activity and selectivity of CeO nanozymes atomic doping engineering.

Artificial enzymes show prospects in biomedical applications due to their stable enzymatic catalytic activity and ease of preparation. CeO nanozymes represent a versatile platform showing multiple enzyme-mimicking activities, although their biocatalytic activities and selectivity are relatively poor for biomedical use. Herein, we developed Mn- and Co-doped CeO nanozymes (M/CeO, M = Mn or Co) atomic engineering to achieve a significant increase in enzyme-like activity.

Single-atom nanozymes catalytically surpassing naturally occurring enzymes as sustained stitching for brain trauma.

Regenerable nanozymes with high catalytic stability and sustainability are promising substitutes for naturally-occurring enzymes but are limited by insufficient and non-selective catalytic activities. Herein, we developed single-atom nanozymes of RhN, VN, and Fe-Cu-N with catalytic activities surpassing natural enzymes. Notably, Rh/VN preferably forms an Rh/V-O-N active center to decrease reaction energy barriers and mediates a "two-sided oxygen-linked" reaction path, showing 4 and 5-fold higher affinities in peroxidase-like activity than the FeN and natural horseradish peroxidase.

Exosomes rewire the cartilage microenvironment in osteoarthritis: from intercellular communication to therapeutic strategies.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage loss and accounts for a major source of pain and disability worldwide. However, effective strategies for cartilage repair are lacking, and patients with advanced OA usually need joint replacement. Better comprehending OA pathogenesis may lead to transformative therapeutics.

Correction: The recent development of nanozymes for food quality and safety detection.

Correction for 'The recent development of nanozymes for food quality and safety detection' by Yanyan Huang , , 2022, , 1359-1368, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1TB02667D.

Regulation of XPO5 phosphorylation by PP2A in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Exportin 5 (XPO5) is a shuttle protein that mediates precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, an important step in miRNA maturation. We previously demonstrated that XPO5 was phosphorylated by ERK kinase and subsequently underwent conformation change by the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1, leading to the reduced miRNA expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Protein phosphorylation modification serves as a reversible regulatory mechanism precisely governed by protein kinases and phosphatases.

The recent development of nanozymes for food quality and safety detection.

As potential mimics of natural enzymes, nanozymes can overcome many disadvantages associated with the use of natural enzymes, such as the need for complex preparation and purification processes, high cost, poor stability, and low recycling efficiency. Utilizing the unique advantages of nanomaterials, nanozymes have been widely used in biosensing, environmental protection, disease diagnosis and treatment, Among these applications, biological detection is a hot research area that researchers are interested in. Although a lot of studies have been carried out on the topic of nanozyme-based biological detection, there are few reviews on the application of nanozymes in food quality and safety detection.

Recent Progress on NIR-II Photothermal Therapy.

Photothermal therapy is a very promising treatment method in the field of cancer therapy. The photothermal nanomaterials in near-infrared region (NIR-I, 750-900 nm) attracts extensive attention in recent years because of the good biological penetration of NIR light. However, the penetration depth is still not enough for solid tumors due to high tissue scattering.

Atomic Engineering of Clusterzyme for Relieving Acute Neuroinflammation through Lattice Expansion.

Natural enzymes are efficient and versatile biocatalysts but suffer in their environmental tolerance and catalytic stability. As artificial enzymes, nanozymes can improve the catalytic stability, but it is still a challenge to achieve high catalytic activity. Here, we employed atomic engineering to build the artificial enzyme named AuAg clusterzyme that hosts an ultrahigh catalytic activity as well as strong physiological stability via atom manipulation.

Molybdenum disulfide-based materials with enzyme-like characteristics for biological applications.

Nanozyme, a kind of nanomaterials with enzymatic activity, has been developing vigorously over the past years owing to its advantages such as low-cost, easy storage, ease of use in harsh environments and so on, compared with natural enzymes. At present, as a typical two-dimensional nanomaterial, molybdenum disulfide (MoS) and their hybrids with unexpected enzyme-like activities have caused wide attention. In this review, we mainly investigated the enzyme-like activities of MoS based nanomaterials, including peroxidase-like activity, catalase-like activity and superoxide dismutase-like activity.

Catalytic patch with redox Cr/CeO nanozyme of noninvasive intervention for brain trauma.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a sudden injury to the brain, accompanied by the production of large amounts of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and acute neuroinflammation responses. Although traditional pharmacotherapy can effectively decrease the immune response of neuron cells via scavenging free radicals, it always involves in short reaction time as well as rigorous clinical trial. Therefore, a noninvasive topical treatment method that effectively eliminates free radicals still needs further investigation.

Catalytically potent and selective clusterzymes for modulation of neuroinflammation through single-atom substitutions.

Emerging artificial enzymes with reprogrammed and augmented catalytic activity and substrate selectivity have long been pursued with sustained efforts. The majority of current candidates have rather poor catalytic activity compared with natural molecules. To tackle this limitation, we design artificial enzymes based on a structurally well-defined Au cluster, namely clusterzymes, which are endowed with intrinsic high catalytic activity and selectivity driven by single-atom substitutions with modulated bond lengths.

Single-atom nanozymes for biological applications.

Nanozymes have been widely used as highly active and stable arterial enzymes due to their controllable electronic transfer and unique catalytic reaction route. However, the development of nanozymes is hindered by their ambiguous structure, insufficient activity and inadequate substrate selectivity. In comparison, single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) hold superior catalytic activity 10-100 times higher than conventional nanozymes by maximizing the utilization of metal atom dispersion, and exhibit versatile catalytic selectivity through precisely adjusting the atom spatial configuration.