Publications by authors named "Xiaoyu Lu"

Unlabelled: Fosfomycin represents a last-line reserve antibiotic for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Nevertheless, the advent of plasmid-mediated fosfomycin resistance among bacteria from humans and food animals incurs great concern. This study reports the detection and genomic portrait of the plasmid-mediated fosfomycin resistance gene, , amid from wild birds co-harboring plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene(X4), and colistin resistance gene, .

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In recent years, outbreak of the novel duck reovirus (NDRV) disease has occurred frequently in duck populations. Due to its rapid spreading, absence of effective control methods, and high treatment costs, the NDRV disease has caused huge losses to waterfowl breeding in China. As reported, four non-structural (NS) proteins are encoded by the NDRV genome, among which the σNS protein is an RNA-binding protein that can improve the stability of bound RNA by forming oligomers (Adams and Cory, 1998).

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The approved intravenous adeno-associated virus (AAV) therapies are limited by the widespread prevalence of pre-existing anti-AAV antibodies in the general population, which are known to restrict patients' ability to receive gene therapy and limit transfection efficacy in vivo. To address this challenge, we have developed a novel recombinant human immunoglobulin G degrading enzyme KJ103, characterized by low immunogenicity and clinical value for the elimination of anti-AAV antibodies in gene transfer. Herein, we conducted two randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose Phase I studies in China and New Zealand, to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety and immunogenicity of KJ103 in healthy volunteers.

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Background: Studies on how birth body mass index (BMI) affects health outcomes in preterm infants are relatively limited.

Aim: To analyze the association between BMI at birth and neonatal health outcomes in extremely low and very low birth weight preterm infants in China.

Methods: Used data from the Chinese Premature Infant Informatization Platform (2022-2023).

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Article Synopsis
  • The study examines the presence of tigecycline resistant Enterobacterales (TRE) in the gut of healthy birds and in meat samples, revealing a significant prevalence in poultry.
  • Out of 960 samples, 19.21% from chicken farms and 13.3% from turkey farms tested positive for TRE, with specific strains of E. coli identified carrying the tet(X4) gene, indicating multi-drug resistance.
  • Findings suggest that food-producing animals could be a source of TRE for humans, highlighting the need for active surveillance to mitigate public health risks related to these resistant bacteria.
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Wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) devices are the mainstream technology in the diagnosis of various cardiovascular diseases, in which soft, flexible, permeable electrodes are the key link in human-machine interface to capture bioelectrical signals. Herein, we propose a self-template strategy to fabricate silver-coated fiber/silicone (AgCF-S) electrodes. With a simple dissolving-curing-redissolving process, the polyvinyl acetate shell around the AgCF core is in-situ removed to form a three-dimensional (3D) multi-channel structure.

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Elesclomol (ES) as an efficient Cu ionophore can specifically transport Cu into mitochondria and disrupt intracellular Cu homeostasis. Extra intracellular Cu induces cuproptosis and chemodynamic therapy (CDT), which further cascades immunogenic cell death (ICD) and activates antitumor immune responses. However, the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIM) attenuates the efficiency of the immune response.

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  • * In a study, chickens fed a diet with 20% HSC showed better weight gain, feed efficiency, improved meat quality traits, and enhanced immune system functions compared to other groups.
  • * Adding 20% HSC also positively affected blood lipid levels and metabolic processes, making it a beneficial ingredient for poultry feed.
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Objectives: Tigecycline, a last-resort antibiotic in the tetracycline class, has been effective in treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, the emergence of the tigecycline resistance gene cluster tmexCD-toprJ, which encodes a resistance-nodulation-division efflux pump, has significantly limited its therapeutic effectiveness. This study aims to explore the potential of CRISPR/Cas9-based plasmids to target and cleave tmexCD-toprJ gene cluster from bacterial plasmids and chromosomal integrative conjugative elements (ICEs), respectively.

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  • Methamphetamine is a highly addictive drug that alters the brain's reward system, specifically affecting the nucleus accumbens (NAc), but the role of the protein LASP1 in this process is not fully understood.
  • In experiments with male mice, researchers found that repeated meth exposure increased LASP1 levels in the NAc, and manipulating LASP1 expression changed drug-seeking behavior and the levels of certain synapse-related proteins.
  • The study suggests that LASP1 is a key player in how methamphetamine influences addiction and offers potential avenues for developing treatments for meth addiction.
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Observational studies have shown some association between cannabis use disorder (CUD) and neurological disorders, but their causal relationship is unclear. In this study, we tested the potential causal relationship between CUD and three common neurological disorders using two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) and multivariate MR (MVMR) methods. Thirty-two genetic loci were extracted as exposure factors from the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for CUD to date.

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Article Synopsis
  • A gene known as (X4) has been found in certain bacteria, showing a strong resistance to the antibiotic tigecycline (TGC), which is raising global alarm about antibiotic resistance.
  • Researchers studied a specific strain of this resistant bacteria, ST469 serovar Rissen (Rissen), isolated from pork in China, using various testing methods like antimicrobial susceptibility and whole-genome sequencing.
  • The study found that the (X4) gene is plasmid-mediated and can be shared among different bacterial strains, indicating a potential increase in the spread of TGC resistance beyond its current limits, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance.
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Article Synopsis
  • - A study conducted in Shanghai from 2019-2022 found two types of plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance in food samples, specifically in ready-to-eat foods and chicken.
  • - The plasmids identified (pEC1918-mcr10 and pEC2001-mcr10) are linked to high-level resistance to polymyxin B, an important antibiotic.
  • - The report emphasizes the need for ongoing monitoring of antibiotic resistance genes in the food supply to prevent public health risks.
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Background: Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv) is an autosomal dominant inherited systematic disease primarily affecting the peripheral and autonomic nervous system, heart, eyes and kidney. Over 140 variants have been identified worldwide, with the Gly103Arg variant reported exclusively in China. This variant is characterized by early onset eye manifestations, making accurate and timely diagnosis difficult.

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Termites are consistently confronted with a complex microbial environment. In addition to the role of their innate immune system in resisting pathogen infection, social immune behavior also plays a significant role in helping termites withstand the stress caused by pathogenic microorganisms. The allogrooming behavior among different individuals is commonly observed in termites, and it plays a crucial role in the social immune interaction network.

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In this study, the structural characteristics, functional properties, and in vitro gastrointestinal digestibility of glutenin from Tiger nut seed meal (TNSMG) treated by microwave (140-700 W, 20-60 s) and water-bath heating (40-100 °C, 10-30 min) were investigated. Analysis of the surface hydrophobicity, intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that both microwave and water-bath heating treatments caused structure changes of TNSMG. The results showed an increase in the exposure of sulfhydryl groups and the content of β-sheet, coupled with a decrease in the content of α-helix and β-turn.

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Background: There is already considerable evidence suggesting the potential existence of a comprehensive system that reflects how individuals utilize psychological capital (PsyCap) to preserve mental health amid daily stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic. To explore the underlying mechanism of this system, the current study is the first to use network analysis showing the dimension-level correlation patterns of daily stressors, subjective well-being (SWB), psychological distress and PsyCap during the pandemic.

Method: We recruited 1556 participants in China and assessed daily stressors, SWB, psychological distress, and PsyCap through self-report questionnaires.

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Estrogens can affect the immune inflammatory response through estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), but the specific role of estrogen member receptor G-protein coupled receptor 1 (GPER1) in this process remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effects of tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA), which has estrogen activity, on immune inflammatory-related indicators of Jurkat cells, as well as investigated the role of GPER1 in these effects. The results showed that TCBPA at lower concentrations significantly promoted the viability of Jurkat cells, whereas higher concentrations decreased cell viability.

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  • This study evaluates the effectiveness of cochlear implants for patients with Waardenburg syndrome (WS) compared to those without the syndrome.
  • Researchers reviewed literature from multiple databases and conducted a meta-analysis of 132 WS patients and 815 control patients.
  • The findings indicate no significant differences in auditory and speech recovery between WS patients and non-WS patients after cochlear implantation.
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Wheat stripe rust poses a marked threat to global wheat production. Accurate and effective disease severity assessments are crucial for disease resistance breeding and timely management of field diseases. In this study, we propose a practical solution using mobile-based deep learning and model-assisted labeling.

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is neurodevelopmental disorder with a high incidence rate, characterized by social deficits and repetitive behaviors. There is currently no effective management available to treat the core symptoms of ASD; however, oxidative stress has been implicated in its pathogenesis. Edaravone (EDA), a free-radical scavenger, is used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

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The high rate of relapse to compulsive methamphetamine (MA)-taking and seeking behaviors after abstinence constitutes a major obstacle to the treatment of MA addiction. Perineuronal nets (PNNs), essential components of the extracellular matrix, play a critical role in synaptic function, learning, and memory. Abnormalities in PNNs have been closely linked to a series of neurological diseases, such as addiction.

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Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is highly prevalent worldwide, and its global burden is substantial and growing. CKD displays a number of features of accelerated senescence. Tubular cell senescence is a common biological process that contributes to CKD progression.

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Radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) is a significant challenge in radiotherapy for head and neck tumors, impacting patients' quality of life. In exploring potential treatments, this study focuses on memantine hydrochloride and hydrogen-rich water, hypothesized to mitigate RIBI through inhibiting the NLRP3/NLRC4/Caspase-1 pathway. In a controlled study involving 40 Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into five groups including a control and various treatment groups, we assessed the effects of these treatments on RIBI.

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Two-photon voltage imaging has long been heralded as a transformative approach capable of answering many long-standing questions in modern neuroscience. However, exploiting its full potential requires the development of novel imaging approaches well suited to the photophysical properties of genetically encoded voltage indicators. We demonstrate that parallel excitation approaches developed for scanless two-photon photostimulation enable high-SNR two-photon voltage imaging.

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