Role of Excessive Mitochondrial Fission in Seawater Immersion Aggravated Hemorrhagic Shock-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction and the Protective Effect of Mitochondrial Division Inhibitor-1.

Seawater immersion significantly aggravated organ dysfunction following hemorrhagic shock, leading to higher mortality rate. However, the effective treatment is still unavailable in clinic. Mitochondria were involved in the onset and development of multiple organ function disorders; whether mitochondria participate in the cardiac dysfunction following seawater immersion combined with hemorrhagic shock remains poorly understood.

The New Nano-Resuscitation Solution (TPP-MR) Attenuated Myocardial Injury in Hemorrhagic Shock Rats by Inhibiting Ferroptosis.

Background: Hemorrhagic shock was a leading cause of death worldwide, with myocardial injury being a primary affected organ. As commonly used solutions in fluid resuscitation, acetated Ringer's (AR) and Lactate Ringer's solution (LR) were far from perfect for their adverse reactions such as lactic acidosis and electrolyte imbalances. In previous studies, TPP@PAMAM-MR (TPP-MR), a novel nanocrystal resuscitation fluid has been found to protect against myocardial injury in septic rats.

Protective Effect of Modified Hemoglobin on Rabbits and Goats in High-Altitude Sickness.

The prevalence and severity of high-altitude sickness increases with increasing altitude. Prevention of hypoxia caused by high-altitude sickness is an urgent problem. As a novel oxygen-carrying fluid, modified hemoglobin can carry oxygen in a full oxygen partial pressure environment and release oxygen in a low oxygen partial pressure environment.

Identification of featured necroptosis-related genes and imbalanced immune infiltration in sepsis machine learning.

The precise diagnostic and prognostic biological markers were needed in immunotherapy for sepsis. Considering the role of necroptosis and immune cell infiltration in sepsis, differentially expressed necroptosis-related genes (DE-NRGs) were identified, and the relationship between DE-NRGs and the immune microenvironment in sepsis was analyzed. Machine learning algorithms were applied for screening hub genes related to necroptosis in the training cohort.

Nano Parthenolide Improves Intestinal Barrier Function of Sepsis by Inhibiting Apoptosis and ROS via 5-HTR2A.

Background: Intestinal barrier dysfunction is an important complication of sepsis, while the treatment is limited. Recently, parthenolide (PTL) has attracted much attention as a strategy of sepsis, but whether nano parthenolide (Nano PTL) is therapeutic in sepsis-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction is obscured.

Methods: In this study, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis rats and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) were used to investigate the effect of PTL on intestinal barrier dysfunction.

Genistein, a Soybean Isoflavone, Promotes Wound Healing by Enhancing Endothelial Progenitor Cell Mobilization in Rats with Hemorrhagic Shock.

Severe trauma and hemorrhaging are often accompanied by delayed cutaneous wound healing. Soybean isoflavone is a natural phytoestrogen that has attracted great attention due to its protective effects against various injuries. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are precursor cells with directional differentiation characteristics.

Effects of Seawater Immersion on Lethal Triad and Organ Function in Healthy and Hemorrhagic Shock Rats.

Introduction: Marine casualties are increasing, and mortality from trauma associated with immersion in seawater is high. However, the associated pathophysiological characteristics remain unclear, limiting research into the early emergency treatment strategy.

Methods: Healthy and 50% hemorrhagic shock rats were soaked in 15°C and 21°C seawater for 2 h, 4 h and 6 h, respectively, and the effects on vital signs, internal environment, tissue metabolism, lethal triad, vital organ functions and survival were observed.

Effects of Malate Ringer's solution on myocardial injury in sepsis and enforcement effects of TPP@PAMAM-MR.

Background: Myocardial dysfunction played a vital role in organ damage after sepsis. Fluid resuscitation was the essential treatment in which Lactate Ringer's solution (LR) was commonly used. Since LR easily led to hyperlactatemia, its resuscitation effect was limited.

The protective effect of pericytes on vascular permeability after hemorrhagic shock and their relationship with Cx43.

Vascular hyperpermeability is a complication of hemorrhagic shock. Pericytes (PCs) are a group of mural cells surrounded by microvessels that are located on the basolateral side of the endothelium. Previous studies have shown that damage to PCs contributes to the occurrence of many diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and myocardial infarction.

Low-dose norepinephrine in combination with hypotensive resuscitation may prolong the golden window for uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in rats.

Hypotension resuscitation is an important principle for the treatment after trauma. Current hypotensive resuscitation strategies cannot obtain an ideal outcome for remote regions. With the uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock (UHS) model in rats, the effects of norepinephrine (NE) on the tolerance time of hypotensive resuscitation, blood loss, vital organ functions, and animal survival were observed.

Synergetic Effect of 4-Phenylbutyric Acid in Combination with Cyclosporine A on Cardiovascular Function in Sepsis Rats via Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Opening.

Sepsis/septic shock is a common complication in the intensive care unit, and the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), as well as the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), play important roles in this situation. Whether the combination of anti-ERS and anti-mPTP by 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA) and Cyclosporine A (CsA) could benefit sepsis is unclear. The cecal ligation and puncture-induced septic shock models were replicated in rats, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged primary vascular smooth muscle cells and H9C2 cardiomyocytes models were also used.

The protective effects of pericyte-derived microvesicles on vascular endothelial functions via CTGF delivery in sepsis.

Background: It is well known that sepsis is a prevalent severe disease caused by infection and the treatment strategies are limited. Recently pericyte-derived microvesicles (PMVs) were confirmed to be therapeutic in many diseases, whether PMVs can protect vascular endothelial cell (VEC) injury is unknown.

Methods: Pericytes were extracted from the retina of newly weaned rats, and PMVs were collected after starvation and characterized by flow-cytometry and transmission electron microscopy.

Mitochondrial Drp1 recognizes and induces excessive mPTP opening after hypoxia through BAX-PiC and LRRK2-HK2.

Mitochondrial mass imbalance is one of the key causes of cardiovascular dysfunction after hypoxia. The activation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), as well as its mitochondrial translocation, play important roles in the changes of both mitochondrial morphology and mitochondrial functions after hypoxia. However, in addition to mediating mitochondrial fission, whether Drp1 has other regulatory roles in mitochondrial homeostasis after mitochondrial translocation is unknown.

The Protective Effect of a Novel Cross-Linked Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carrier on Hypoxia Injury of Acute Mountain Sickness in Rabbits and Goats.

Hypoxia is the major cause of acute altitude hypoxia injury in acute mountain sickness (AMS). YQ23 is a kind of novel bovine-derived, cross-linked hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC). It has an excellent capacity for carrying and releasing oxygen.

The Characteristics of Organ Function Damage of Hemorrhagic Shock in Hot Environment and the Effect of Hypothermic Fluid Resuscitation.

Background: Hemorrhagic shock is the important factor for causing death of trauma and war injuries. However, pathophysiological characteristics and underlying mechanism in hemorrhagic shock with hot environment remain unclear.

Methods: Hemorrhagic shock in hot environment rat model was used to explore the changes of mitochondrial and vital organ functions, the variation of the internal environment, stress factors, and inflammatory factors; meanwhile, the suitable treatment was further studied.

A Novel Cross-Linked Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carrier, YQ23, Extended the Golden Hour for Uncontrolled Hemorrhagic Shock in Rats and Miniature Pigs.

Hypotensive resuscitation is widely applied for trauma and war injury to reduce bleeding during damage-control resuscitation, but the treatment time window is limited in order to avoid hypoxia-associated organ injury. Whether a novel hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC), YQ23 in this study, could protect organ function, and extend the Golden Hour for treatment is unclear. Uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock rats and miniature pigs were infused with 0.

Role of AQP3 in the Vascular Leakage of Sepsis and the Protective Effect of Ss-31.

Aquaporins (AQPs) are a group of membrane proteins related to water permeability. Studies have shown that AQPs play a vital role in various diseases. Whether AQPs participate in regulating vascular permeability after sepsis and whether the subtype of AQPs is related are unknown.

Radiological features of central giant cell granuloma: comparative study of 7 cases and literature review.

Objective: To review and analyze the clinical and imaging features of central giant cell granuloma patients and to review the relevant literatures for the diagnosis and clinical manifestation of central giant cell granuloma.

Methods: Seven cases of central giant cell granuloma were retrospectively selected for the study, all of which were confirmed by pathology and had relevant imaging investigations. All seven cases had undergone CT scan, three cases had undergone MRI scan.

The Calcilytic Drug Calhex-231 Ameliorates Vascular Hyporesponsiveness in Traumatic Hemorrhagic Shock by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and miR-208a-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission.

Background: The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) plays a fundamental role in extracellular calcium homeostasis in humans. Surprisingly, CaSR is also expressed in nonhomeostatic tissues and is involved in regulating diverse cellular functions. The objective of this study was to determine if Calhex-231 (Cal), a negative modulator of CaSR, may be beneficial in the treatment of traumatic hemorrhagic shock (THS) by improving cardiovascular function and investigated the mechanisms.

Synergistic effects of EMPs and PMPs on pulmonary vascular leakage and lung injury after ischemia/reperfusion.

Background: Vascular leakage is an important pathophysiological process of critical conditions such as shock and ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced lung injury. Microparticles (MPs), including endothelial cell-derived microparticles (EMPs), platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) and leukocyte-derived microparticles (LMPs), have been shown to participate in many diseases. Whether and which of these MPs take part in pulmonary vascular leakage and lung injury after I/R and whether these MPs have synergistic effect and the underlying mechanism are not known.

Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in vascular hyporeactivity following endotoxic shock and its mechanism.

Background: Vascular hyporeactivity plays an important role in organ dysfunction induced by endotoxic shock. Given that cytokine, such as TNF-α, plays an important role in endotoxic shock, the aim of the present study is to investigate the role of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α in vascular hyporeactivity following endotoxic shock and the mechanisms.

Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 mg/kg) injection was used for replicating the endotoxic shock model in the rabbit.

[Beneficial effects of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers on early resuscitation in rats with uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock].

Objective: To investigate the early resuscitation effect of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOC) in rats with uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock.

Methods: 170 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups: lactate Ringer solution (LR) control group, whole blood control group, and 0.5%, 2.

ERK and miRNA-1 target Cx43 expression and phosphorylation to modulate the vascular protective effect of angiotensin II.

Aims And Methods: We previously reported that angiotensin II (AngII) restores the vascular reactivity diminished by hemorrhagic shock. In this study, we investigated whether the beneficial effects of AngII are related to regulation of gap junctions (GJs) and connexin43 (Cx43), and the implication of MAPK signaling and microRNA (miR-1) in this process.

Key Findings: Our results show that after hemorrhagic shock or hypoxia, the blockade of GJs or knockdown of Cx43 inhibits the AngII-induced increase in vascular reactivity of superior mesenteric arteries and the contractile response of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).

Relationship of Cx43 regulation of vascular permeability to osteopontin-tight junction protein pathway after sepsis in rats.

Our previous study demonstrated that connexin (Cx)43 participated in the regulation of vascular permeability in severe sepsis. Osteopontin (OPN) has been demonstrated to participate in the occurrence of atherosclerosis, inflammation, as well as the adhesion and migration of cells. It is not clear whether OPN is involved in Cx43 regulating vascular permeability after sepsis and if it is related to tight-junction proteins.