Hyperforin ameliorates neuroinflammation and white matter lesions by regulating microglial VEGFR /SRC pathway in vascular cognitive impairment mice.

Aim: To explore the neuroprotective potential of hyperforin and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms involved in its therapeutic effects against vascular cognitive impairment (VCI).

Methods: The active compounds and possible targets of Hypericum perforatum L. that may be effective against VCI were found by network pharmacology in this research.

The associations between peripheral inflammatory and lipid parameters, white matter hyperintensity, and cognitive function in patients with non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular events.

Background: The global prevalence of VCI has increased steadily in recent years, but diagnostic biomarkers for VCI in patients with non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular incidents (NICE) remain indefinite. The primary objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between peripheral serological markers, white matter damage, and cognitive function in individuals with NICE.

Methods: We collected clinical data, demographic information, and medical history from 257 patients with NICE.

Lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with severer white matter hyperintensity and cognitive function in patients with non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular events.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the potential correlations among serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and cognitive function in patients with non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular events (NICE).

Methods: This was a prospective investigation of 160 NICE patients with age of 40 years or older. Cognitive function was evaluated by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

Prediction of subjective cognitive decline after corpus callosum infarction by an interpretable machine learning-derived early warning strategy.

Background And Purpose: Corpus callosum (CC) infarction is an extremely rare subtype of cerebral ischemic stroke, however, the symptoms of cognitive impairment often fail to attract early attention of patients, which seriously affects the long-term prognosis, such as high mortality, personality changes, mood disorders, psychotic reactions, financial burden and so on. This study seeks to develop and validate models for early predicting the risk of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) after CC infarction by machine learning (ML) algorithms.

Methods: This is a prospective study that enrolled 213 (only 3.

EEG assessment of brain dysfunction for patients with chronic primary pain and depression under auditory oddball task.

In 2019, the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) put forward a new concept of "chronic primary pain" (CPP), a kind of chronic pain characterized by severe functional disability and emotional distress, which is a medical problem that deserves great attention. Although CPP is closely related to depressive disorder, its potential neural characteristics are still unclear. This paper collected EEG data from 67 subjects (23 healthy subjects, 22 patients with depression, and 22 patients with CPP) under the auditory oddball paradigm, systematically analyzed the brain network connection matrix and graph theory characteristic indicators, and classified the EEG and PLI matrices of three groups of people by frequency band based on deep learning.

Association of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and D-dimer with functional outcome in patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.

Background: Investigations on the risk factors for the prognosis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) are limited. This study aimed to explore whether specific inflammatory factors and coagulation indictors are associated with functional outcome in patients treated for CVST.

Methods: This retrospective study included 137 patients admitted to our hospital between January 2010 and October 2021.

Correlations among peripheral blood markers, white matter hyperintensity, and cognitive function in patients with non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular events.

Background: Both inflammation and cerebral white matter injury are closely associated with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between peripheral serological markers, white matter injury, and cognitive function in patients with non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular events (NICE); to identify potential biological markers for the diagnosis and prediction of VCI; and to provide a basis for the early diagnosis and intervention of VCI.

Methods: We collected clinical data, along with demographic and medical history data, from 151 NICE patients.

Impact of Stress Hyperglycemia on Early Neurological Deterioration in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated With Intravenous Thrombolysis.

Background And Purpose: It has been widely reported that stress hyperglycemia contributes to poor prognosis in patients experiencing acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, its predictive value for early neurological deterioration (END) after intravenous administration of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (IV-rtPA) in AIS patients is still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of stress hyperglycemia on the risk of END after IV-rtPA.

A case of ischemic stroke secondary to varicella-zoster virus meningoencephalitis.

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) lurks in cranial nerves and other brain ganglias after infection. Because middle cerebral artery (MCA) receives the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglia afferent innervations, the reactivated VZV infects the adventitia and intima of cerebral artery wall probably through this way and causes vascular inflammation, finally resulting in artery remodeling, vessel occlusion, and ischemia. In fact, there is a growing clinical recognition that there is an association between VZV reactivation and subsequent stroke.

Cerebrovascular Complications After Adult-Onset Varicella-Zoster Virus Encephalitis in the Central Nervous System: A Literature Review.

Background: Cerebrovascular complications after adult-onset varicella-zoster virus (VZV) encephalitis have been increasingly recognized. The aim of this study was to analyze clinical and neuroimaging findings, treatment and outcome of these patients.

Methods: Literature review from January 2000 to December 2019.

Anti-neuron antibody syndrome: clinical features, cytokines/chemokines and predictors.

Background: Neuroimmunology is a rapidly expanding field, and there have been recent discoveries of new antibodies and neurological syndromes. Most of the current clinical studies have focused on disorders involving one specific antibody. We have summarized a class of antibodies that target common neuronal epitopes, and we have proposed the term "anti-neuron antibody syndrome" (ANAS).

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification and its clinical relevance in cognitive dysfunctions.

Background: N6 adenosine methylation (m6A) is the most abundant internal RNA modification in eukaryotic cells. Dysregulation of m6A has been associated with the perturbations of cell proliferation and cell death in different diseases. However, the roles of m6A in the neurodegenerative process and cognitive dysfunction are unclear.

Low field magnetic stimulation promotes myelin repair and cognitive recovery in chronic cuprizone mouse model.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease featured with neuroinflammation, demyelination, and the loss of oligodendrocytes. Cognitive impairment and depression are common neuropsychiatric symptoms in MS that are poorly managed with the present interventions.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of low field magnetic stimulation (LFMS), a novel non-invasive neuromodulation technology, on cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms associated with MS using a mouse model of demyelination.

Higher inflammation and cerebral white matter injury associated with cognitive deficit in asthmatic patients with depression.

Objective: Depression is a common co-morbidity in asthma, worsening asthma control and impairing quality of life. Previous studies have reported a higher risk of cognitive deficit in depression, yet little research has focused on the level of cognition in asthmatic patients with depression. Evidence shows that inflammation may play an important role in both asthma and depression.

Anxiety and Depression Diagnosis Method Based on Brain Networks and Convolutional Neural Networks.

At present, only professional doctors can use the professional scales to diagnose depression and anxiety in clinical practice. In recent years, the problems of detecting the presence of anxiety or depression using Electroencephalography (EEG) has received attention as a way to implement assistant diagnosis, and some researchers explored that there are differences in the degree of prefrontal lateralization and functional connectivity of brain networks between patients with anxiety and depression and normal people. In this paper, we proposed a new approach that combines functional connectivity of brain networks and convolutional neural networks (CNN) for EEG-based anxiety and depression recognition.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuated Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption via Downregulation of Aquaporin-4 Expression in EAE Mice.

Blood-brain barrier disruption is one of the hallmarks of multiple sclerosis. Mesenchymal stem cells showed great potential for the multiple sclerosis therapy. However, the effect of mesenchymal stem cells on blood-brain barrier in multiple sclerosis remains unclear.

Involvement of Frontal Functions in Pain Tolerance in Aging: Evidence From Neuropsychological Assessments and Gamma-Band Oscillations.

Reduced pain tolerance may be one of the possible explanations for high prevalence of chronic pain among older people. We hypothesized that age-related alterations in pain tolerance are associated with functioning deterioration of the frontal cortex during normal aging. Twenty-one young and 41 elderly healthy participants underwent a tonic heat pain test, during which cerebral activity was recorded using electroencephalography (EEG).

Anti-mouse CX3CR1 Antibody Alleviates Cognitive Impairment, Neuronal Loss and Myelin Deficits in an Animal Model of Brain Ischemia.

White matter lesions are common when global cerebral ischemia (GCI) occurs in the elderly, and cause damage to neurological and psychological functions. Remyelination often fails because of the limited recruitment of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) to the demyelinated site or the inefficient differentiation of OPCs to mature oligodendrocytes (OLs). The activation of microglia, the most important immune cells in the central nervous system, and subsequent inflammation have been implicated in myelination repair disorder.

Glycyrrhizic acid as an adjunctive treatment for depression through anti-inflammation: A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Background: Recently, abundant evidence indicated proinflammatory cytokines might play a crucial role in pathophysiology and treatment of depression. According to our preclinical research, we propose glycyrrhizic acid (GZA) for an adjunctive treatment owing to its safety, economical and anti-inflammatory profile.

Methods: Eligible participants were recruited and randomly allocated into independent treatment groups of SSRI+GZA (n = 30) and SSRI+PBO (placebo, n = 26).

Clinical and Imaging Features of Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula: Clinical Experience of 15 Years for a Major Tertiary Hospital.

Background: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) is a rare spinal vascular malformation which can cause permanent neurologic dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the clinical and imaging characteristics of SDAF and its prognosis.

Methods: All patients diagnosed with SDAVF and hospitalized in our hospital from February 2004 to September 2018 were retrospectively recruited.