Comparison of gallbladder extraction via the subxiphoid port and the supraumbilical port during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective randomized clinical trial.

Background: Postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the most frequent postoperative complaint. To date, gallbladder extraction via the subxiphoid port (SXP) versus the supraumbilical port (SUP) is still controversial. Thus, the authors performed this randomized controlled trial to compare postoperative pain between the SXP and SUP for LC.

Grade ≥ 3 hematologic adverse events of immunotherapy in advanced NSCLC patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The impact of incorporating immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) into standard chemotherapy on the severity and risk of myelosuppression in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients remains uncertain.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated ICIs in people with NSCLC. A comprehensive search of four databases, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, was carried out from inception to 30 October 2023.

Causal relationship between gut microbiota and gynecological tumor: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Introduction: Previous research has established associations between alterations in gut microbiota composition and various gynecologic tumors. However, establishing a causal relationship between gut microbiota and these tumors remains necessary. This study employs a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate causality, aiming to identify pathogenic bacterial communities potentially involved in gynecologic tumor development.

Quantitative comparison of bile acid glucuronides sub-metabolome between intrahepatic cholestasis and healthy pregnant women.

Because of the pathological indication and the physiological functions, bile acids (BAs) have occupied the research hotspot in recent decades. Although extensive efforts have been paid onto BAs sub-metabolome characterization, as the subfamily, BA glucuronides (gluA-BAs) profile is seldom concerned. Here, we made efforts to develop a LC-MS/MS program enabling quantitative gluA-BAs sub-metabolome characterization and to explore the differential species in serum between intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) patients and healthy subjects.

Upper-critical solution temperature (UCST) polymer functionalized nanomedicine for controlled drug release and hypoxia alleviation in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy.

Recently, bioinspired material such as nanoparticle has been successfully applied in the cancer therapy. However, how to precisely control the drug release from nanomedicine in tumor tissue and overcome the hypoxic microenvironment of tumor tissue is still an important challenge in the development of nanomedicine. In this work, a new type of drug-loaded nanoparticles P(AAm-co-AN)-AuNRs@CeO2-DOX (PA-DOX) was prepared by combining high-efficiency photothermal reagents, critical up-conversion temperature polymer layer and anti-cancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

MS/MS fingerprint comparison between adjacent generations enables substructure identification: Flavonoid glycosides as cases.

MS/MS spectrum matching currently serves as a favored means to identify the concerned metabolites attributing to the accessibility of several famous databases. However, the rule that takes the entire structure into account frequently leads to "0 hit" when inquiring MS/MS (usually MS) spectrum in the databases. Conjugation plays an important role for the high-level structural diversity of metabolites in all organisms, and a given conjugate usually consists of two or more substructures.

Characterization of Metabolic Correlations of Ursodeoxycholic Acid with Other Bile Acid Species through In Vitro Sequential Metabolism and Isomer-Focused Identification.

As a first-line agent for cholestasis treatment in a clinic, ursodeoxycholic acid rectifies the perturbed bile acids (BAs) submetabolome in a holistic manner. Considering the endogenous distribution of ursodeoxycholic acid and extensive occurrences of isomeric metabolites, it is challenging to point out whether a given bile acid species is impacted by ursodeoxycholic acid in a direct or indirect manner, thus hindering the therapeutic mechanism clarification. Here, an in-depth exploration of the metabolism pattern of ursodeoxycholic acid was attempted.

Structural identification of metabolites for 23-nordeoxycholic acid by structural analogue matching.

The homeostasis of bile acid (BA)-submetabolome that is composed by correlating hundreds of BA species contributes a lot to maintaining physiological status. However, it is challenging to understand the transformational rules amongst endogenous BAs, but it is viable to profile the metabolism of BA analogues, as a compromise approach to isotopic labeling of BAs, to deduce the metabolism of BAs. An attempt is made here to characterize the metabolites of 23-nordeoxycholic acid (norDCA), a deoxycholic acid analogue with a C-CH defect, after incubation with enzyme-enriched liver subcellular fractions of mouse, rat or human.

Hollow MnO-Based Nanoprobes for Enhanced Photothermal/Photodynamic /Chemodynamic Co-Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: The effect of monotherapy in cancer is frequently influenced by the tumor's unique hypoxic microenvironment, insufficient drug concentration at the treatment site, and tumour cells' increased drug tolerance. In this work, we expect to design a novel therapeutic nanoprobe with the ability to solve these problems and improve the efficacy of antitumor therapy.

Methods: We have prepared a hollow manganese dioxide nanoprobes loaded with photosensitive drug IR780 for the photothermal/photodynamic/chemodynamic co-therapy of liver cancer.

Squared Energy-Resolved Mass Spectrometry Advances Quantitative Bile Acid Submetabolome Characterization.

The bile acid (BA) submetabolome can partially reflect either physiological or pathological status of vertebrates. The structural diversity, however, extensively hinders BA submetabolome clarification. Here, efforts were primarily devoted to enhance structural annotation confidences of BAs, in particular the conjugated BAs, through fortifying a new technology, namely, squared energy-resolved mass spectrometry (ER-MS), to traditional liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Gold-based nanoparticles realize photothermal and photodynamic synergistic treatment of liver cancer and improve the anaerobic tumor microenvironment under near-infrared light.

In order to solve the different pains caused by traditional cancer treatment methods such as surgical treatment, the nano-drug delivery system provides new ideas for cancer treatment. In this paper, a novel anti-tumor therapy nanoparticle, P(AAm-co-AN)-AuNRs@CeO-Ce6(PA/Ce6), is prepared, which provides a novel idea for liver cancer treatment. The CeO-coated gold nanorods were grafted onto the surface of the temperature-sensitive polymer P(AAm-co-AN)-CTPD.

Widely quasi-quantitative analysis enables temporal bile acids-targeted metabolomics in rat after oral administration of ursodeoxycholic acid.

Bile acid (BA) pool homeostasis can be disturbed when cholestasis, and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment is able to rectify the perturbed pool. Efforts were made here to propose a strategy enabling BAs-focused widely quantitative metabolomics and subsequently to lucubrate BA pool fluctuation trajectory in rats after dosing UDCA. A so-called universal metabolome standard (UMS) sample containing numerous natural BAs was constructed by involving various available BAs-enriched matrices.

Comparison of Four Lymph Node Stage Methods for Predicting the Prognosis of Distal Cholangiocarcinoma Patients After Surgery.

Background: The metastatic status of regional lymph nodes is an effective risk factor for the prognosis of distal cholangiocarcinoma (dCCA). But existing lymph node staging is not accurate enough and is susceptible to interference. This study aims to explore the predictive ability of the log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) staging system of dCCA compared with existing lymph node staging systems.

Upper-Critical-Solution-Temperature Polymer Modified Gold Nanorods for Laser Controlled Drug Release and Enhanced Anti-Tumour Therapy.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) has become effective method for the treatment of malignant cancer. The development of PTT system with high anti-tumour effect is still the feasible research direction. Here, a new type of gold nanorods (AuNRs)-doxorubicin (DOX)/mPEG-peptide/P(AAm-co-AN) (APP-DOX) nano drug delivery system was proposed.

Tumor-Targeting Multifunctional Nanoprobe for Enhanced Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy of Liver Cancer.

Numerous researchers have committed to the development of combined therapy strategies for tumors, since their use in the treatment of tumors has more ideal therapeutic outcomes. In the study, we designed and prepared gold nanostars with CD147 modified on the surface and then efficiently loaded a photosensitive drug IR820 to construct a multifunctional nanoprobe. Due to the protection effect of gold, the nanoprobe has oxygen/heat energy generation capability and can also efficiently deliver the loaded drugs inside the tumor cells.

Differences in the clinicopathological features of pancreatic head carcinoma in dorsal and ventral pancreas: A single institution retrospective review.

The embryonic development of the pancreas originates from dorsal and ventral anlagen, and the pancreatic cancer arising from dorsal or ventral pancreas may have different clinical pathology features. This study aims to explore whether there are differences in clinicopathological features and prognosis of pancreatic head carcinoma arising from dorsal or ventral pancreas.Between January 2014 and February 2018, 101 patients with resectable pancreatic head cancer who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy in our institution were retrospectively reviewed.

Downregulation of OIP5-AS1 affects proNGF-induced pancreatic cancer metastasis by inhibiting p75NTR levels.

We aimed to explore the mechanism by which long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) OIP5-AS1 affects proNGF (precursor nerve growth factor)-induced pancreatic cancer metastasis by targeting the miR-186-5p/NGFR axis. Bioinformatics was used to analyse whether OIP5-AS1 targets miR-186-5p/NGFR and their expression characteristics in pancreatic cancer. OIP5-AS1 and NGFR were overexpressed in pancreatic cancer, and their levels showed a significant positive correlation.

Ultra-small gold nanoparticles self-assembled by gadolinium ions for enhanced photothermal/photodynamic liver cancer therapy.

Gold nanomaterials are widely used in biomedical research as drug delivery systems, imaging agents and therapeutic materials owing to their unique physicochemical properties and high biocompatibility. In this study, we prepared ultra-small gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and induced them with gadolinium ions to form a spherical self-assembly. The nanoparticles were coupled with matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and loaded with the photosensitive drug IR820 for photothermal/photodynamic combination therapy of liver cancer.

Effects of salts on the self-assembly behavior and antibacterial activity of a surfactant-like peptide.

Self-assembling peptides have become one of the most promising antibacterial agents due to their superior properties, such as simple molecular composition, favorable assembly structures, and rich designability. For maximum application in vivo, their activities in the presence of salts are desirable, however, the potent correlation between peptide nanostructures, antibacterial activity, and salt resistance behavior remains poorly explored. Previously, we have demonstrated that the potent antibacterial activity of a designed surfactant-like peptide Ac-A9K-NH2 benefited from its high self-assembly ability and appropriate size of its self-assembled nanostructures.