Colorimetry-Based Phosphate Measurement for Polymerase Elongation.

DNA detection, which includes the measurement of variants in sequences or the presence of certain genes, is widely used in research and clinical diagnosis. Both require DNA-dependent DNA polymerase-catalyzed strand extension. Currently, these techniques rely heavily on the instruments used to visualize the results.

New role of gramicidin A in RIG-I-like receptors-mediated IFN signalling.

The pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) sense exogenous molecular patterns most commonly derived from invading pathogens, to active the interferon (IFN) signalling. In the cytoplasm, the viral double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) are sensed by retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) or melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), depending on the length and chemical properties. Through the binding and oligomerizing onto the RNAs, they form filament to initiate the signalling cascade.

Type I Interferon-Induced TMEM106A Blocks Attachment of EV-A71 Virus by Interacting With the Membrane Protein SCARB2.

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) are the main causative agents of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) worldwide. Studies showed that EV-A71 and CV-A16 antagonize the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway; however, how IFN controls this viral infection is largely unknown. Here, we identified an IFN-stimulated gene, (, encoding a protein that blocks EV-A71 and CV-A16 infection.

Emerging Roles of lncRNAs Regulating RNA-Mediated Type-I Interferon Signaling Pathway.

The type-I interferon (IFN-I) signaling pathway plays pivot roles in defending against pathogen invasion. Exogenous ssRNA and dsRNA could be immunogenic. RNA-mediated IFN signaling is extensively studied in the field.

Long Noncoding RNA Acts as a ceRNA of miR-362-5p to Suppress Breast Cancer Progression.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) X inactivate-specific transcripts () have been found to be dysregulated in breast cancer (BC). Nevertheless, the influence and mechanism of on BC progression remain largely undefined. The expression levels of , miR-362-5p, and ubiquitin-associated protein 1 () mRNA were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Cooperatively transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of sonic hedgehog overexpression drives malignant potential of breast cancer.

Sonic hedgehog (Shh), a ligand of Hedgehog signaling pathway, is considered an important oncogene and an exciting potential therapeutic target in several cancers. Comprehensive understanding of the regulation mechanism of Shh in cancer cells is necessary to find an effective approach to selectively block its tumorigenic function. We and others previously demonstrated that nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation and promoter hypomethylation contributed to the overexpression of Shh.

[Operative experiences on transumbilical single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy].

Objective: To study the feasibility and safety of transumbilical single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods: Eighty-two cases with gallbladder diseases were underwent with transumbilical single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Some difficulties and countermeasure in operations were analyzed.

[Clinical study of laparoscopic rectal surgery without abdominal scar].

Objective: To assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic rectal surgery without abdominal scar.

Methods: A total of 23 patients of rectal cancer were operated by laparoscopy with the assistance of PPH (procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids) anal expander and TEM (transanal endoscopic microsurgery) outer-shell according to the principle of TME (total mesorectal excision).

Results: All operations were successfully accomplished laparoscopically.

Experience of a large series of mastoscopic axillary lymph node dissection.

Background: Minimally invasive and functional therapy represents an inevitable trend in breast surgery. Improved visualization during mastoscopic axillary lymph node dissection (MALND) realizes a clear exposure of axillary anatomy, but it differs from a general laparoscopic operation. There are some challenges in technique itself which need to be noted.

A standardized surgical technique for mastoscopic axillary lymph node dissection.

To standardize the surgical technique for mastoscopic axillary lymph node dissection (MALND). Mastoscopic lymph node dissection was performed consistently by a group of surgeons in 316 cases of breast cancer. The mean operation time was 46.

[The anatomical characteristics and its applied significance of laparoscopic rectal surgery].

Objective: To realize the anatomical characteristics of laparoscopic rectum surgery and its clinical significance.

Methods: 117 cases with benign and malignant diseases of rectum were operated by laparoscopic methods. The anatomy closely related with operation was analyzed.

[Standardized skill of mastoscopic axillary lymph node dissection].

Objective: To investigate the standardized skill of mastoscopic axillary lymph node dissection (MALND).

Methods: The clinical results and operation experiences of 473 mastoscopic lymph node dissections performed were analyzed.

Result: The operation time was 22 - 156 minutes with the average of 42.