Low levels of tenofovir in breast milk support breastfeeding in HBV-infected mothers treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.

Objective: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is recommended for the prevention of mother-to-infant transmission of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). This study investigated the safety of infants whose mothers continued to receive TDF while breastfeeding.

Patients And Method: Thirty women taking TDF daily from the second or third trimester of pregnancy to three months postpartum were enrolled.

Preliminary efficacy analysis of block iliac bone grafting in patients with alveolar cleft in mixed dentition.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of block iliac bone grafting in patients with unilateral alveolar cleft in mixed dentition.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with unilateral alveolar clefts in mixed dentition who were treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital. All patients underwent unilateral alveolar cleft bone graft repair with autogenous block iliac bone blocks.

Advances in the antiviral therapies for chronic hepatitis b virus among pregnant women.

Management of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection during pregnancy remains a challenging task. This review summaries the impact of HBV infection on both mothers and babies,the risks and benefits of various antiviral therapies during pregnancy, the patient and drug selection,and the management during follow-up.

Production of ethyl levulinate by direct conversion of wheat straw in ethanol media.

The production of ethyl levulinate from wheat straw by direct conversion in ethanol media was investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the effects of processing parameters, and the regression analysis was performed on the data obtained. A close agreement between the experimental results and the model predictions was achieved.