Leaf Senescence Regulation Mechanism Based on Comparative Transcriptome Analysis in Foxtail Millet.

Leaf senescence, a pivotal process in plants, directly influences both crop yield and nutritional quality. Foxtail millet () is a C model crop renowned for its exceptional nutritional value and stress tolerance characteristics. However, there is a lack of research on the identification of senescence-associated genes (s) and the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms governing this process.

Integrated Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Basis for Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Sweet Potato ( (L.) Lam.) Storage Roots.

Carotenoids are important compounds of quality and coloration within sweet potato storage roots, but the mechanisms that govern the accumulation of these carotenoids remain poorly understood. In this study, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of carotenoids were performed using young storage roots (S2) and old storage roots (S4) from white-fleshed (variety S19) and yellow-fleshed (variety BS) sweet potato types. S19 storage roots exhibited significantly lower total carotenoid levels relative to BS storage roots, and different numbers of carotenoid types were detected in the BS-S2, BS-S4, S19-S2, and S19-S4 samples.

Uncovering the mechanism of anthocyanin accumulation in a purple-leaved variety of foxtail millet () by transcriptome analysis.

Anthocyanin is a natural pigment that has a functional role in plants to attract pollinating insects and is important in stress response. Foxtail millet () is known as a nutritional crop with high resistance to drought and barren. However, the molecular mechanism regulating anthocyanin accumulation and the relationship between anthocyanin and the stress resistance of foxtail millet remains obscure.

Identification and function analysis of yellow-leaf mutant (YX-yl) of broomcorn millet.

Background: Broomcorn millet is highly tolerant to drought and barren soil. Changes in chlorophyll content directly affect leaf color, which subsequently leadsleading to poor photosynthetic performance and reduced crop yield. Herein, we isolated a yellow leaf mutant (YX-yl) using a forward genetics approach and evaluated its agronomic traits, photosynthetic pigment content, chloroplast ultrastructure, and chlorophyll precursors.

Autophagy mediates grain yield and nitrogen stress resistance by modulating nitrogen remobilization in rice.

Autophagy, a conserved cellular process in eukaryotes, has evolved to a sophisticated process to dispose of intracellular constituents and plays important roles in plant development, metabolism, and efficient nutrients remobilization under suboptimal nutrients conditions. Here, we show that OsATG8b, an AUTOPHAGY-RELATED8 (ATG8) gene in rice, was highly induced by nitrogen (N) starvation. Elevated expression of OsATG8b significantly increased ATG8 lipidation, autophagic flux, and grain yield in rice under both sufficient and deficient N conditions.

Adaptation Mechanism of Roots to Low and High Nitrogen Revealed by Proteomic Analysis.

Background: Nitrogen-based nutrients are the main factors affecting rice growth and development. Root systems play an important role in helping plants to obtain nutrients from the soil. Root morphology and physiology are often closely related to above-ground plant organs performance.

An Integrated Analysis of the Rice Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveals Root Growth Regulation Mechanisms in Response to Nitrogen Availability.

Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth and basic metabolic processes. Root systems play an important role in the ability of plants to obtain nutrients from the soil, and are closely related to the growth and development of above-ground plants. Root morphology analysis showed that root growth was induced under low-nitrogen conditions and inhibited under high-nitrogen conditions.

-Mediated Increased Autophagy Regulates the Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice.

Autophagy, a conserved pathway in eukaryotes, degrades and recycles cellular components, thus playing an important role in nitrogen (N) remobilization. N plays an important role in the growth and development of plants, which also affects plant yield and quality. In this research, it was found that the transcriptional level of a core autophagy gene of rice (), , was increased during N starvation conditions.

Overexpression of rice gene OsATG8b confers tolerance to nitrogen starvation and increases yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in Arabidopsis.

Nitrogen (N) is an important element required for plant growth and development, which also affects plant yield and quality. Autophagy, a conserved pathway in eukaryotes, degrades and recycles cellular components, thus playing an important role in N remobilization. However, only a few autophagy genes related to N remobilization in rice (Oryza sativa) have been reported.

Differential Uptake and Utilization of Two Forms of Nitrogen in Rice Cultivars From North-Eastern China.

rice is widely planted in north-eastern China because of its superior food quality and stable grain yields. Nitrogen (N) is an essential element for rice growth, and development and its availability directly impacts on rice yields. The knowledge of N uptake and its utilization characteristics in are thus important areas of research.

Increased Autophagy of Rice Can Increase Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE).

Autophagy (self-eating), a conserved pathway in eukaryotes, which is designed to handle cytoplasmic material in bulk and plays an important role in the remobilization of nutrient, such as nitrogen (N) under suboptimal nutrient conditions. Here, we identified a core component of an autophagy gene in rice (), , with increased expression levels under N starvation conditions. Overexpression of significantly enhanced the level of autophagy and the number of effective tillers in the transgenic rice.

An Integrated Analysis of the Rice Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveals Differential Regulation of Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in Response to Nitrogen Availability.

Nitrogen (N) is an extremely important macronutrient for plant growth and development. It is the main limiting factor in most agricultural production. However, it is well known that the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of rice gradually decreases with the increase of the nitrogen application rate.