Causal relationship between cheese intake and risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's esophagus: findings from multivariable mendelian randomization and mediation analysis.

Objective: Previous studies have indicated a potential correlation between cheese intake and risk of various diseases. However, establishing a causal relationship is challenging. To address this, we employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to simulate randomized trial groups and to investigate whether there is a causal link between cheese intake and the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Barrett's esophagus.

Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors in patients with chronic kidney disease with or without type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To examine cardiovascular and kidney benefits and harms of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors stratified by risk in adults with chronic kidney disease regardless of diabetes status.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Ovid Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central from database inception to 15 June 2024.

HERB 2.0: an updated database integrating clinical and experimental evidence for traditional Chinese medicine.

Clinical trials and meta-analyses are considered high-level medical evidence with solid credibility. However, such clinical evidence for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is scattered, requiring a unified entrance to navigate all available evaluations on TCM therapies under modern standards. Besides, novel experimental evidence has continuously accumulated for TCM since the publication of HERB 1.

Screening, Gene Cloning and Expression of Cellulase-Producing Strain Bacillus subtilis Xh-16.

Cellulase is a complex enzyme system composed of multiple hydrolytic enzymes. It can degrade cellulose into glucose and improve the utilization efficiency of cellulose resources. Cellulase produced by microorganisms is the main method used in industry, offering the advantages of convenience and being environmentally friendly.

Supramolecular nanomedicine in the intelligent cancer therapy: recent advances and future.

In recent years, the incidence of cancer has been increasing year by year, and the burden of the disease and the economic burden caused by it has been worsening. Although chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy and other therapeutic means continue to progress, they still inevitably have problems such as high toxicity and side effects, susceptibility to drug resistance, and high price. Photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy have demonstrated considerable advantages in cancer imaging and treatment due to their minimally invasive and selective nature.

Unraveling the impact of irritability on esophageal diseases: Insights from multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Previous studies have suggested a potential association between irritability and the risk of various diseases. However, establishing a causal relationship has remained a significant challenge. To address this issue, we employed Mendelian randomization (MR), a sophisticated approach that leverages genotype data to emulate the conditions of randomized controlled trials.

A self-assembling bioactive oligopeptide hydrogel for the treatment of edema following prepuce surgery.

Edema of the prepuce is a common clinical complication following circumcision in urology. Nevertheless, the principal method of gauze wrapping in clinical practice has not yet been demonstrated to be an effective solution to the problem of postoperative edema. It is therefore evident that the development of functional dressings for the treatment of post-circumcision edema has considerable potential for both clinical application and translational significance.

The prognostic value of controlling nutritional status score on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with neoadjuvant therapy followed by esophagectomy-a retrospective research.

Background: A variety of nutritional evaluation parameters has been documented as prognostic indicators in some malignancies. However, the prognostic significance of the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score, as one of these nutritional indices, in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear and warrants investigation. Our study sought to elucidate the prognostic value of this nutritional index in ESCC patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy followed by esophagectomy.

Summary data-based Mendelian randomization and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses identify immune associations with low-level LGALS9 in sepsis.

Sepsis is one of the major challenges in intensive care units, characterized by the complexity of the host immune status. To gain a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of sepsis, it is crucial to study the phenotypic changes in immune cells and their underlying molecular mechanisms. We conducted Summary data-based Mendelian randomization analysis by integrating genome-wide association studies data for sepsis with expression quantitative trait locus data, revealing a significant decrease in the expression levels of 17 biomarkers in sepsis patients.

Ultrasmall magnolol/ebselen nanomicelles for preventing renal ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (RIRI) is an inevitable complication following kidney transplantation surgery, accompanied by the generation of a large amount of free radicals. A cascade of events including oxidative stress, extreme inflammation, cellular apoptosis, and thrombosis disrupts the microenvironment of renal cells and the hematological system, ultimately leading to the development of acute kidney injury (AKI). The current research primarily focuses on reducing inflammation and mitigating damage to renal cells through antioxidative approaches.

The Time-Varying Impact of COVID-19 on the Acute Kidney Disorders: A Historical Matched Cohort Study and Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

This study aimed to explore the time-varying impact of COVID-19 on acute kidney disorders, including acute kidney injury and other acute kidney diseases. From the UK Biobank, 10,121 participants with COVID-19 were matched with up to 3 historically unexposed controls by age, sex, Townsend deprivation index, and the status of hospitalization or receiving critical care. We investigated the association between COVID-19 and incidence of acute kidney disorders, within the first 4 weeks after infection, using conditional and time-varying Cox proportional hazard regression.

Clinical efficacy of different therapeutic strategies in patients with spontaneous rupture of the esophagus: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Background: The therapeutic strategy for patients with spontaneous rupture of the esophagus includes surgical repair, endoscopic therapy, supportive care, and others. However, no evidence exists to direct clinical decision-making regarding the choice of operative and nonoperative management. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical efficacy of different therapeutic strategies in both general and stratified patients.

Machine learning models predicts risk of proliferative lupus nephritis.

Objective: This study aims to develop and validate machine learning models to predict proliferative lupus nephritis (PLN) occurrence, offering a reliable diagnostic alternative when renal biopsy is not feasible or safe.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed clinical and laboratory data from patients diagnosed with SLE and renal involvement who underwent renal biopsy at West China Hospital of Sichuan University between 2011 and 2021. We randomly assigned 70% of the patients to a training cohort and the remaining 30% to a test cohort.

A nomogram to predict the risk of proliferative lupus nephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus involving the kidneys.

Proliferative lupus nephritis (PLN) is a serious organ-threatening manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that is associated with high mortality and renal failure. Here, we analyzed data from 1287 SLE patients with renal manifestations, including 780 of which were confirmed as proliferative or non-proliferative LN patients by renal biopsy, divided into a training cohort (547 patients) and a validation cohort (233 patients). By applying a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression approach combined with multivariate logistic regression analysis to build a nomogram for prediction of PLN that was then assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and clinical decision curves (DCA) in both the training and validation cohorts.

Substitute or coexistence? Mediastinoscopy-assisted versus thoracoscope-assisted esophagectomy in esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis of perioperative outcomes and long-term survival.

Background: Currently, mediastinoscopy-assisted esophagectomy (MAE) and thoracoscope-assisted esophagectomy (TAE) represent two prevalent forms of minimally invasive esophagectomy extensively employed in the management of esophageal cancer (EC). The aim of this meta-analysis is to assess and compare these two surgical approaches concerning perioperative outcomes and long-term survival, offering valuable insights for refining surgical strategies and enhancing patient outcomes in this field.

Methods: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, the authors systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CNKI databases until 1 March 2024, for studies comparing MAE and TAE.

Research on coronavirus disease 2019 and the kidney: A bibliometric analysis.

Background: In addition to damage to the lungs, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can damage multiple organs, including the kidney. Our purpose was to analyze the research hotspots and trends in COVID-19 and kidney diseases using bibliometrics to help clarify the development direction of this field.

Methods: We selected and extracted all relevant publications related to COVID-19 and the kidney from the Web of Science from December 1, 2019, to July 24, 2022.

Kidney medicine meets computer vision: a bibliometric analysis.

Background And Objective: Rapid advances in computer vision (CV) have the potential to facilitate the examination, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of the kidney. The bibliometric study aims to explore the research landscape and evolving research focus of the application of CV in kidney medicine research.

Methods: The Web of Science Core Collection was utilized to identify publications related to the research or applications of CV technology in the field of kidney medicine from January 1, 1900, to December 31, 2022.

Global burden of non-communicable diseases attributable to kidney dysfunction with projection into 2040.

Background: Spatiotemporal disparities exist in the disease burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) attributable to kidney dysfunction, which has been poorly assessed. The present study aimed to evaluate the spatiotemporal trends of the global burden of NCDs attributable to kidney dysfunction and to predict future trends.

Methods: Data on NCDs attributable to kidney dysfunction, quantified using deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), were extracted from the Global Burden of Diseases Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study in 2019.

Precise prediction of phase-separation key residues by machine learning.

Understanding intracellular phase separation is crucial for deciphering transcriptional control, cell fate transitions, and disease mechanisms. However, the key residues, which impact phase separation the most for protein phase separation function have remained elusive. We develop PSPHunter, which can precisely predict these key residues based on machine learning scheme.

Carbonized Cellulose Aerogel Derived from Waste Pomelo Peel for Rapid Hemostasis of Trauma-Induced Bleeding.

Uncontrollable massive bleeding caused by trauma will cause the patient to lose a large amount of blood and drop body temperature quickly, resulting in hemorrhagic shock. This study aims to develop a hemostatic product for hemorrhage management. In this study, waste pomelo peel as raw material is chosen.

Use of statins and risks of ovarian, uterine, and cervical diseases: a cohort study in the UK Biobank.

Purpose: To examine the associations between use of statins and risks of various ovarian, uterine, and cervical diseases, including ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cyst, polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial polyp, and cervical polyp.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study among female participants in the UK Biobank. Information on the use of statins was collected through verbal interview.

The impact of weight loss on renal function in individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a comprehensive review.

Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) are two highly prevalent diseases that exhibit a complex interplay between them. Obesity serves as a primary risk factor for the development of T2D, and conversely, individuals with T2D often exhibit comorbid obesity. Renal dysfunction emerges as a critical consequence of the convergence of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes, contributing significantly to the overall burden of complications associated with these conditions.

The impact of age-specific childhood body-mass index on adult cardiometabolic traits: a Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: To evaluate the causal relationship between childhood body-mass index (BMI) at different ages and adult cardiometabolic traits.

Methods: We retrieved genetic instrument variables (IVs) for exposures (standardized BMI at newborn, infant, toddler and late childhood), cardiometabolic traits and potential confounders or mediators (adult BMI, SHBG, testosterone and age at menarche) from the corresponding genome-wide association analysis. We performed univariate and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) to dissect associations between age-specific childhood BMI and adult cardiometabolic outcomes.