An ultrasonography of thyroid nodules dataset with pathological diagnosis annotation for deep learning.

Ultrasonography (US) of thyroid nodules is often time consuming and may be inconsistent between observers, with a low positivity rate for malignancy in biopsies. Even after determining the ultrasound Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) stage, Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is still required to obtain a definitive diagnosis. Although various deep learning methods were developed in medical field, they tend to be trained using TI-RADS reports as image labels.

DUSP6 regulates Notch1 signalling in colorectal cancer.

Notch1 plays various roles in cancer development, and Notch1-induced transactivation is controlled by phosphorylation of its cleaved intracellular domain. However, it is unclear whether there are phosphatases capable of dephosphorylating the cleaved Notch1 transmembrane/intracellular region (NTM) to regulate its function. Here, we show that DUSP6 can function as a phosphatase for Notch1, thereby regulating NTM stability and transcriptional activity, thus influencing colorectal cancer (CRC) development.

Uric Acid Levels and Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Introduction: The relationship between uric acid (UA) levels and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCVD) is controversial. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to explore the causal effects of UA levels on CCVD.

Methods: Genetic variants strongly associated with UA levels were selected as instrumental variables from the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) dataset.

Near-Infrared II Fluorescence Imaging and Image-Guided siRNA Therapy of Atherosclerosis.

Targeting Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase γ (CaMKIIγ) in macrophages using RNAi nanotechnology represents an innovative and promising strategy in the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, it remains elusive because of the current challenges associated with the systemic delivery of siRNA nanoparticle (NP) to atheromatous plaques and the complexity of atherosclerotic plaques. Here, we demonstrate the potential of a thienothiadiazole-based near-infrared-II (NIR-II) organic aggregation-induced emission (AIE) platform encapsulated with the Camk2g siRNA to effectively target CaMKIIγ in macrophages for dynamic imaging and image-guided gene therapy of atherosclerosis.

Evaluating the Causal Effects of Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels on Ischemic Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is the leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels hadno potential risk on ischemic stroke. However, higher LDL-C levels were closely related to IS.

Uric acid levels and heart failure: A mendelian randomization study.

Background And Aims: Uric acid, the end-product of purine metabolism within the human body, has been the subject of studies exploring its potential association with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the precise relationship between uric acid levels and heart failure remains elusive.

Methods And Results: In this particular study, aggregated data from genome-wide association studies on uric acid and heart failure were utilized to perform a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis utilizing R software.

The effects of self-esteem and parental phubbing on adolescent internet addiction and the moderating role of the classroom environment: a hierarchical linear model analysis.

Background: With the advent of the new media era, the understanding of adolescent internet addiction needs to be enriched. It is also necessary to distinguish the related factors of adolescent internet addiction at different levels to clarify the mechanisms of this phenomenon.

Methods: This study used hierarchical linear model analysis to explore the effects of student-level factors and school-level factors on adolescent internet addiction, along with cross-level moderating effects.

Risk Factors for Primary Angle-closure Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 45 Studies.

Significance: This study summarized primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG)-related factors across different dimensions.

Objectives: This review aimed at systematically summarizing the associated factors of PACG in published literatures.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted by searching the electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from their inception to November 2021.

Myopic maculopathy among Chinese children with high myopia and its association with choroidal and retinal changes: the SCALE-HM study.

Aims: To investigate myopic maculopathy in Chinese children with high myopia and its association with choroidal and retinal changes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included Chinese children aged 4-18 years with high myopia. Myopic maculopathy was classified by fundus photography and retinal thickness (RT) and choroidal thickness (ChT) in the posterior pole were measured by swept-source optical coherence tomography.

Machine Learning-Based Integration of Metabolomics Characterisation Predicts Progression of Myopic Retinopathy in Children and Adolescents.

Myopic retinopathy is an important cause of irreversible vision loss and blindness. As metabolomics has recently been successfully applied in myopia research, this study sought to characterize the serum metabolic profile of myopic retinopathy in children and adolescents (4-18 years) and to develop a diagnostic model that combines clinical and metabolic features. We selected clinical and serum metabolic data from children and adolescents at different time points as the training set ( = 516) and the validation set ( = 60).

Uric acid levels and their association with vascular dementia and Parkinson's disease dementia: a meta-analysis.

Objectives: To explore the association between uric acid (UA) levels and vascular dementia (VaD) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), a meta-analysis was conducted.

Methods: The relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Collaboration Database up to May 2022. Pooled analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias examination were all conducted.

Relationship between behavioral inhibition/activation system and Internet addiction among Chinese college students: The mediating effects of intolerance of uncertainty and self-control and gender differences.

Background: Internet addiction is a global public health issue among college students that is associated with a range of negative outcomes. Especially the COVID-19 pandemic has forced them to shift most of their studies and life activities from offline to online, leading to a growing problem of Internet dependence and even Internet addiction. Although previous studies have indicated that the Behavioral Inhibition/Activation System (BIS/BAS) have important effects on college students' Internet addiction, the mechanisms underlying these associations and gender differences are still unclear.

Rope Jumping Strength Monitoring on Smart Devices via Passive Acoustic Sensing.

Rope jumping, as a fitness exercise recommended by many sports medicine practitioners, can improve cardiorespiratory capacity and physical coordination. Existing rope jump monitoring systems have limitations in terms of convenience, comfort, and exercise intensity evaluation. This paper presents a rope jump monitoring system using passive acoustic sensing.

X-ray CT image denoising with MINF: A modularized iterative network framework for data from multiple dose levels.

In clinical applications, multi-dose scan protocols will cause the noise levels of computed tomography (CT) images to fluctuate widely. The popular low-dose CT (LDCT) denoising network outputs denoised images through an end-to-end mapping between an LDCT image and its corresponding ground truth. The limitation of this method is that the reduced noise level of the image may not meet the diagnostic needs of doctors.

Antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention of lacunar stroke: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Purpose: To comprehensively compare the efficacy of different antiplatelet therapies for secondary prevention of lacunar stroke (LS).

Methods: The relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Collaboration Database up to May 2022. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events were chosen to evaluate the efficacy of antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention.

Metabolomics and Biomarkers in Retinal and Choroidal Vascular Diseases.

The retina is one of the most important structures in the eye, and the vascular health of the retina and choroid is critical to visual function. Metabolomics provides an analytical approach to endogenous small molecule metabolites in organisms, summarizes the results of "gene-environment interactions", and is an ideal analytical tool to obtain "biomarkers" related to disease information. This study discusses the metabolic changes in neovascular diseases involving the retina and discusses the progress of the study from the perspective of metabolomics design and analysis.

A review of study designs and data analyses in metabolomics studies in myopia.

Metabolomics analyzes the entire range of small molecule metabolites in biological systems to reveal the response signals that are transmitted from "genetics and environment", which could help us understand complex phenotypes of diseases. Metabolomics has been successfully applied to the study of eye diseases including age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. In this review, we summarize the findings of myopic metabolomics and discuss them from a design and analysis perspective.

Safety and preliminary efficacy of argatroban plus dual antiplatelet therapy for acute mild to moderate ischemic stroke with large artery atherosclerosis.

Objective: Previous studies suggest the benefit of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for acute ischemic stroke with large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) etiology, but there is no study about the effect of DAPT plus anticoagulant in this population.

Methods: A prospective single arm trial was performed to determine the effect of DAPT combined with argatroban on acute mild to moderate ischemic stroke patients with LAA, which was compared with historical populations. The main outcome was the proportion of early neurological deterioration (END).

Mechanical Thrombectomy for Mild Acute Ischemic Stroke with Large-Vessel Occlusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The functional prognosis of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for mild acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large-vessel occlusion (LVO) is controversial. To explore a more precise estimation, a meta-analysis was conducted.

Methods: The relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Collaboration Database until October 2021.

Metabolomics facilitates the discovery of metabolic profiles and pathways for myopia: A systematic review.

Background: Myopia is one of the major eye disorders and the global burden is increasing rapidly. Our purpose is to systematically summarize potential metabolic biomarkers and pathways in myopia to facilitate the understanding of disease mechanisms as well as the discovery of novel therapeutic measures.

Methods: Myopia-related metabolomics studies were searched in electronic databases of PubMed and Web of Science until June 2021.

Organic NIR-II dyes with ultralong circulation persistence for image-guided delivery and therapy.

Nanocarriers hold great promise for the controlled release of therapeutic payloads to target organs/tissues and extended duration of anticancer agents in the bloodstream. However, limited data on their in vivo pharmacokinetics and delivery process hamper clinical applications. Here we report a series of micellar nanocarriers self-assembled from new-generation thiophenthiadiazole (TTD)-based NIR-II fluorophores HLAnP (n = 1-4) for simultaneous bioimaging and drug delivery.

Self-assembled NIR-II Fluorophores with Ultralong Blood Circulation for Cancer Imaging and Image-guided Surgery.

Complete excision of the last remaining 1-2% of tumor tissue without collateral damage remains particularly challenging. Herein, we report thiophenthiadiazole (TTD)-derived fluorophores ( = 1, 2, 5) as new-generation NIR-II (1000-1700 nm) probes with exceptional nonfouling performance and significantly high fluorescence quantum yields in water. can self-assemble into vesicular micelles and exhibited minimal immunogenicity, low binding affinities, ultralong blood circulation ( = 59.

Metabolomics in Diabetic Retinopathy: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a common microvascular complication of diabetes, is the leading cause of acquired blindness in the working-age population. Individuals with diabetes still develop DR despite appropriate glycemic and blood pressure control, highlighting the pressing need to identify useful biomarkers for risk stratification. The purpose of this review is to systematically summarize potential metabolic biomarkers and pathways of DR, which could facilitate developing an understanding of the disease mechanisms, as well as new therapeutic measures.

Metabolomics in Glaucoma: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: Glaucoma remains a poorly understood disease, and identifying biomarkers for early diagnosis is critical to reducing the risk of glaucoma-related visual impairment and blindness. The aim of this review is to provide current metabolic profiles for glaucoma through a summary and analysis of reported metabolites associated with glaucoma.

Methods: We searched PubMed and Web of Science for metabolomics studies of humans on glaucoma published before November 11, 2020.

Effectiveness of intravenous r-tPA versus UK for acute ischaemic stroke: a nationwide prospective Chinese registry study.

Background: Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) and urokinase (UK) are both recommended for the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) in China, but with few comparative outcome data being available. We aimed to compare the outcomes of these two thrombolytic agents for the treatment of patients within 4.5 hours of onset of AIS in routine clinical practice in China.