Onsite ammonia synthesis from water vapor and nitrogen in the air.

An innovative method for onsite ammonia synthesis under ambient conditions has been developed using a catalyst mesh composed of magnetite (FeO) and Nafion polymer. We pass air through the catalyst, which condenses microdroplets from atmospheric water vapor and uses nitrogen from the air, resulting in ammonia concentrations ranging from 25 to 120 μM in 1 hour, depending on local relative humidity. Operated at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, this technique eliminates the need for additional electricity or radiation, thereby substantially reducing carbon dioxide emissions compared to the traditional Haber-Bosch process.

Wet-dry cycles cause nucleic acid monomers to polymerize into long chains.

The key first step in the oligomerization of monomers is to find an initiator, which is usually done by thermolysis or photolysis. We present a markedly different approach that initiates acid-catalyzed polymerization at the surface of water films or water droplets, which is the reactive phase during a wet-dry cycle in freshwater hot springs associated with subaerial volcanic landmasses. We apply this method to the oligomerization of different nucleic acids, a topic relevant to how it might be possible to go from simple nucleic acid monomers to long-chain polymers, a key step in forming the building blocks of life.

Analysis of Risk Factors and Development and Validation of a Dynamic Nomogram for Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Postherpetic Neuralgia (PHN), recognized as the most common complication of Herpes Zoster, is experiencing an increasing trend in its occurrence. The goal of this study was to identify the independent risk factors for PHN and create a dynamic nomogram using routine clinical characteristics to predict PHN in patients with herpes zoster, for early identification and prevention of PHN.

Patients And Methods: A total of 2420 patients were retrospectively reviewed and divided into training (n=1696) and validation (n=724) cohort using a 7:3 random allocation.

Spectral behavior and expansion dynamics of Gd plasma generated by dual-pulse laser irradiation.

Laser-produced gadolinium plasma (Gd-LPP) emerges as a promising candidate for next-generation nanolithography light sources. In this study, a dual laser pulse scheme was implemented to achieve a narrow spectral peak. By varying the pre-main pulse delay and pre-pulse laser energy, optimal conditions of 40 ns delay and 50 mJ energy were identified to improve spectral purity.

Suppression of non-muscle myosin II boosts T cell cytotoxicity against tumors.

Increasing evidence highlights the importance of immune mechanoregulation in establishing and sustaining tumor-specific cytotoxicity required for desirable immunotherapeutic outcomes. However, the molecular connections between mechanobiological inputs and outputs and the designated immune activities remain largely unclear. Here, we show that partial inhibition of non-muscle myosin II (NM II) augmented the traction force exerted by T cells and potentiated T cell cytotoxicity against tumors.

Identification and Characterization of a Novel Insulin-like Receptor () Involved in Regulating Growth and Glucose Metabolism of the Pacific White Shrimp .

The insulin receptor (IR) plays a crucial role in the growth and metabolism of animals. However, there are still many questions regarding the IR in crustaceans, particularly their role in shrimp growth and glucose metabolism. In this study, we identified a novel insulin-like receptor gene in and cloned its full length of 6439 bp.

Photodynamic therapy with intratumoral injection of photosensitizers combined with immunotherapy brings hope to patients with refractory cutaneous malignant ulcers.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is common among the elderly, typically treated with surgery. However, for surgery-ineligible patients or those with non-healing wounds progressing to malignant ulcers, non-surgical local treatments are viable. This case details an 80-year-old with recurrent back CSCC and intractable malignant ulcers post-radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

A Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study on Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Feasibility and Clinical Correlation.

: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a neurological disorder characterized by post-exertional malaise. Despite its clinical relevance, the disease mechanisms of ME/CFS are not fully understood. The previous studies targeting brain function or metabolites have been inconclusive in understanding ME/CFS complexity.

Oxidation of Ammonia in Water Microdroplets Produces Nitrate and Molecular Hydrogen.

Water microdroplets containing dissolved ammonia (30-300 μM) are sprayed through a copper oxide mesh with a 200 μm average pore size, resulting in the formation of nitrate (NO) and the release of molecular hydrogen (H). The products result from a redox process that takes place at the liquid-solid interface through contact electrification, where no external potential is applied. Oxidation is initiated by superoxide radical anions (O) that originate from the oxygen in the air surrounding the microdroplets and from the hydroxyl radicals (OH) originating from the water-air interface.

Analysis of factors selectively related to herpes zoster involving peripheral sensory ganglia: Retrospective study.

Herpes zoster (HZ), resulting from the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, is a significant disease. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing sensory neuron involvement in HZ at different locations and its association with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). A total of 3143 cases were retrieved from an electronic medical record system, including 2676 cases of HZ and 467 cases of PHN.

Identification of alternative splicing regulatory patterns and characteristic splicing factors in heart failure using RNA-seq data and machine learning.

Heart failure (HF) represents the advanced stage of several cardiovascular disorders. This study aimed to build an alternative splicing regulatory network and identify potential splicing factors involved in HF utilizing RNA-seq data and machine learning algorithms. We performed bioinformatics analysis on RNA-seq datasets containing samples from HF patients and normal individuals to obtain gene expression matrices and identify differently regulated alternative splicing events in HF.

The relationship between intracranial atherosclerosis and white matter hyperintensity in ischemic stroke patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study using high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging.

Background: Both intracranial atherosclerosis and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) are prevalent among the stroke population. However, the relationship between intracranial atherosclerosis and WMH has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the characteristics of intracranial atherosclerotic plaques and the severity of WMH in patients with ischemic stroke using high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging.

Inhibition of mitophagy via the EIF2S1-ATF4-PRKN pathway contributes to viral encephalitis.

Introduction: Mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy responsible for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, regulates the antiviral immune response and acts as viral replication platforms to facilitate infection with various viruses. However, its precise role in herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection and herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) remains largely unknown.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the regulation of mitophagy by HSV-1 neurotropic infection and its role in viral encephalitis, and to identify small compounds that regulate mitophagy to affect HSV-1 infection.

All-Optical Control of Ultrafast Switching between the Hybridized Plasmonic Fields of Au Nanorod Dimer in fs-nm Scale with Dispersed Femtosecond Laser.

With the increasing demand for ultrafast communication and information processing in future optical chips, arbitrary manipulation of electromagnetic fields in the femtosecond-nanometer spatiotemporal scale has attracted great attention in integrated optics. Manipulation of the nanoscale light field in the real femtosecond temporal domain is challenging work. Here, we have demonstrated all-optical control of ultrafast switching between the hybridized plasmonic fields of a Au nanorod dimer in the fs-nm scale using a dispersed femtosecond laser and revealed the transformation process with ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolved technology via the combination of a pump-probe technique and photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM).

Decreased flow in ischemic stroke with coexisting intracranial artery stenosis and white matter hyperintensities.

Background: Stroke patients with coexisting intracranial artery stenosis (ICAS) and white matter lesions (WML) usually have a poor outcome. However, how WML affects stroke prognosis has not been determined.

Objective: To investigate the quantitative forward flow at the middle cerebral artery in ICAS patients with different degrees of WML using 4D flow.

How does green credit affect industrial green transformation? Mechanism discussion and empirical test.

Sustainable development has become a strategic consensus in response to the global environmental problems. Green credit is a major policy innovation that promotes the transformation of economic development mode and industrial green transformation (IGT). Using provincial panel data from 2005 to 2020, we investigate the effect of green credit on IGT using a systematic GMM model, a dynamic threshold model, as well as the possible nonlinear relationship.

Emission characteristics and health effects of PM from vehicles in typical areas.

Introduction: Vehicle emissions have become an important source of urban air pollution, and the assessment of air pollution emission characteristics and health effects caused by specific pollution sources can provide scientific basis for air quality management.

Methods: In this paper, vehicle PM pollution in typical urban agglomerations of China (the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration (BTHUA), the triangle of the Central China urban agglomeration (TCCUA) and the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration (CCUA)) were used as research samples to evaluate the emission characteristics, health effects and economic losses of vehicle PM pollution based on the emission inventory, air quality model and exposure-response function from 2010 to 2020.

Results: The results indicated that PM emissions from vehicles in the three urban agglomerations during 2010-2020 first showed an upward yearly trend and then showed a slow decrease in recent years.

Combating Barriers to the Development of a Patient-Oriented Frailty Website.

This viewpoint article, which represents the opinions of the authors, discusses the barriers to developing a patient-oriented frailty website and potential solutions. A patient-oriented frailty website is a health resource where community-dwelling older adults can navigate to and answer a series of health-related questions to receive a frailty score and health summary. This information could then be shared with health care professionals to help with the understanding of health status prior to acute illness, as well as to screen and identify older adult individuals for frailty.

Intestinal flora influences the progression of subarachnoid hemorrhage by affecting peripheral and central inflammatory pathways.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a debilitating condition that leaves survivors with neurological disability for the rest of their lives. No effective treatment for early brain injury (EBI) has been developed. Gut microbiome (GM) impact the host immune system and can influence disease processes in several organs, including the brain.

Breast cancer clinical outcomes and tumor immune microenvironment: cross-dialogue of multiple epigenetic modification profiles.

The discovery of RNA methylation alterations associated with cancer holds promise for their utilization as potential biomarkers in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction. RNA methylation has been found to impact the immunological microenvironment of tumors, but the specific role of methylation-related genes (MRGs), particularly in breast cancer (BC), the most common cancer among women globally, within the tumor microenvironment remains unknown. In this study, we obtained data from TCGA and GEO databases to investigate the expression patterns of MRGs in both genomic and transcriptional domains in BC.

Frailty Predicts Dementia and Death in Older Adults Living in Long-Term Care.

Objectives: To investigate how the accumulation of deficits traditionally related and not traditionally related to dementia predicts dementia and mortality.

Design: A retrospective cohort study with up to 9 years of follow-up.

Setting And Participants: Long-term care residents aged ≥65 with or without dementia.

Brain vital signs as a quantitative measure of cognition: Methodological implementation in a care home environment.

Introduction: Managing cognitive function in care homes is a significant challenge. Individuals in care have a variety of scores across standard clinical assessments, such as the Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE), and many of them have scores that fall within the range associated with dementia. A recent methodological advance, brain vital sign monitoring through auditory event-related potentials, provides an objective and sensitive physiological measurement to track abnormalities, differences, or changes in cognitive function.

Abnormal expression of PRKAG2-AS1 in endothelial cells induced inflammation and apoptosis by reducing PRKAG2 expression.

PRKAG2 is required for the maintenance of cellular energy balance. PRKAG2-AS1, a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), was found within the promoter region of PRKAG2. Despite the extensive expression of PRKAG2-AS1 in endothelial cells, the precise function and mechanism of this gene in endothelial cells have yet to be elucidated.