Intelligent gold nanocluster for effective treatment of malignant tumor via tumor-specific photothermal-chemodynamic therapy with AIE guidance.

Precise and efficient therapy of malignant tumors is always a challenge. Herein, gold nanoclusters co-modified by aggregation-induced-emission (AIE) molecules, copper ion chelator (acylthiourea) and tumor-targeting agent (folic acid) were fabricated to perform AIE-guided and tumor-specific synergistic therapy with great spatio-temporal controllability for the targeted elimination and metastasis inhibition of malignant tumors. During therapy, the functional gold nanoclusters (AuNTF) would rapidly accumulate in the tumor tissue due to the enhanced permeability and retention effect as well as folic acid-mediated tumor targeting, which was followed by endocytosis by tumor cells.

Synergistic Regulation of Targeted Organelles in Tumor Cells to Promote Photothermal-Immunotherapy Using Intelligent Core-Satellite-Like Nanoparticles for Effective Treatment of Breast Cancer.

The normal operation of organelles is critical for tumor growth and metastasis. Herein, an intelligent nanoplatform (BMA) is fabricated to perform on-demand destruction of mitochondria and golgi apparatus, which also generates the enhanced photothermal-immunotherapy, resulting in the effective inhibition of primary and metastasis tumor. The BMA has a core of mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with brefeldin A (BM), which is connected to ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo)tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and folic acid co-modified gold nanoparticles (A).

Erratum: MicroRNA-376c-3p Facilitates Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via Repressing AT-Rich Interaction Domain 2: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/jca.27939.

The effectiveness of evidence-based nursing intervention for nasal irrigation after endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: a randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To evaluate its effect of an evidence-based nursing program for nasal irrigation after endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).

Methods: A total of 66 patients with CRS were randomly divided into two groups, for which the experimental group received evidence-based nasal irrigation nursing, and the control group received conventional nursing. Differences in Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-20 (SNOT-20), visual analogue scale (VAS), Lund-Mackay CT, Endoscopic Lund Kennedy Score (LKES) and overall efficacy were assessed between the two groups.

Selective Manipulation of the Mitochondria Oxidative Stress in Different Cells Using Intelligent Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles to Activate On-Demand Immunotherapy for Cancer Treatment.

Herein, the vitamin K (VK)/maleimide (MA) coloaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), functional molecules including folic acid (FA)/triphenylphosphine (TPP)/tetrapotassium hexacyanoferrate trihydrate (THT), as well as CaCO are explored to fabricate a core-shell-corona nanoparticle (VMMC) for on-demand anti-tumor immunotherapy. After application, the tumor-specific acidic environment first decomposed CaCO corona, which significantly levitates the pH value of tumor tissue to convert M2 type macrophage to the antitumor M1 type. The resulting VMM would then internalize in both tumor cells and macrophages via FA-assisted endocytosis and free endocytosis, respectively.

MLXIPL promotes the migration, invasion, and glycolysis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by phosphorylation of mTOR.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with a high occurrence, mortality, and poor prognosis. MLX interacting protein like (MLXIPL) is an important regulator of glucolipid metabolism and is involved in tumor progression. We aimed to clarify the role of MLXIPL in HCC and its underlying mechanisms.

Tumor-Specific Photothermal-Therapy-Assisted Immunomodulation via Multiresponsive Adjuvant Nanoparticles.

Multiresponsive adjuvant nanoparticles (RMmAGL) are fabricated to perform tumor-specific photothermal therapy while regulating the behavior of tumor-associated immune cells for primary tumor eradication and metastasis inhibition. Core-satellite-like RMmAGL have a core of mannose-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with the TLR7 agonist imiquimod (R837@MSN-mannose) connected via hydrazone bonds to satellites of glutamine (Glu)- and lysine (Lys)-comodified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs-Glu/Lys). During therapy, the acidic environment in tumor tissue cleaves the hydrazone bonds to release AuNPs-Glu/Lys, which further accumulate in tumor cells.

A Physiologically Responsive Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Treatment of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras Enhanced Immunotherapy.

Although immunotherapy has revolutionized oncotherapy, only ≈15% of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients benefit from the current therapies. An immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and dysregulation of the polycomb ring finger oncogene BMI1 are potential reasons for the failure. Herein, to promote immunotherapeutic efficacy against HNSCC, an injectable nanocomposite hydrogel is developed with a polymer framework (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) that is loaded with both imiquimod encapsulated CaCO nanoparticles (RC) and cancer cell membrane (CCM)-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles containing a peptide-based proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTAC) for BMI1 and paclitaxel (PepM@PacC).

Enhanced manipulation of tumor microenvironments by nanomotor for synergistic therapy of malignant tumor.

Tumor microenvironments (TME) play critical roles in the growth and metastasis of tumor tissue, which provide a promising way to treat malignant tumor via manipulation of TME. However, developing proper strategy to effectively control TME is still a challenge. Herein, a Ce6@AT-PEG-MSN-Pt (CAPMP) nanomotor is fabricated to spontaneously move in tumor tissue and concurrently perform the enhanced manipulation of various tumor microenvironments including copper levels, hypoxia, local temperature and reactive oxygen species (ROS) for effective tumor therapy.

Bioinspired drug-delivery system emulating the natural bone healing cascade for diabetic periodontal bone regeneration.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) aggravates periodontitis, resulting in accelerated periodontal bone resorption. Disordered glucose metabolism in DM causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction resulting in compromised bone healing, which makes diabetic periodontal bone regeneration a major challenge. Inspired by the natural bone healing cascade, a mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)-incorporated PDLLA (poly(dl-lactide))-PEG-PDLLA (PPP) thermosensitive hydrogel with stepwise cargo release is designed to emulate the mesenchymal stem cell "recruitment-osteogenesis" cascade for diabetic periodontal bone regeneration.

Erratum: MicroRNA-376c-3p Facilitates Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via Repressing AT-Rich Interaction Domain 2: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/jca.27939.

Circ_0006789 Promotes the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Modulating miR-1324 and SOX12.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) exert an important regulatory effect on cancer progression. Reportedly, circRNAs can modulate gene expression by working as molecular sponges for miRNAs. Nonetheless, many functional circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain to be identified.

Microbiota profiling on itchy scalp with undetermined origin.

Scalp pruritus is a common skin problem that remains therapeutic challenge. The relationships between the dysbiosis of microbiota and skin diseases have caught attention recently. However, there are few reports about microbiota on itchy scalp.

Multimodal obstruction of tumorigenic energy supply via bionic nanocarriers for effective tumor therapy.

Sufficient energy generation based on effective transport of nutrient via abundant blood vessels in tumor tissue and subsequent oxidative metabolism in mitochondria is critical for growth, proliferation and migration of tumor. Thus the strategy to cut off this transport pathway (blood vessels) and simultaneously close the power house (mitochondria) is highly desired for tumor treatment. Herein, we fabricated a bionic nanocarrier with core-shell-corona structure to give selective and effective tumor therapy via stepwise destruction of existed tumor vessel, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and dysfunction of tumor mitochondria.

MiR-192-5p regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of cholangiocarcinoma cells by activating MEK/ERK pathway.

Objective: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common liver cancer, characterized by late diagnosis and fatal outcome. Although miR-192-5p has been shown to have a vital role in various cancers, its role in CCA is unknown. Here, we investigated the role of miR-192-5p in CCA cell proliferation and apoptosis, and elucidated its potential mechanism of action.

Kinetically Controllable Pd-Catalyzed Decarboxylation Enabled [5 + 2] and [3 + 2] Cycloaddition toward Carbocycles Featuring Quaternary Carbons.

A decarboxylative protocol has been developed toward a range of carbocycles. The key success is based on the use of a batch of newly designed cyclic carbonates as substrates that can provide carbon-carbon zwitterion intermediate under palladium catalysis. The kinetics of the reactions are controllable toward either strained seven- or thermodynamically more favored five-membered carbocycles.

An Update of Transition Metal-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Transformations of Cyclic Carbonates and Carbamates.

Functionalized cyclic organic carbonates and carbamates are frequently used in a number of transition metal-catalyzed decarboxylative reactions for the construction of interesting molecules. These decarboxylative transformations have attracted more and more research attention in recent years mainly due to their advantages of less waste generation and versatile reactivities. On the basis of previous reviews on this hot topic, the present review will focus on the development of transition metal-catalyzed decarboxylative transformations of functionalized cyclic carbonates and carbamates in the last two years.

MicroRNA-376c-3p Facilitates Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via Repressing AT-Rich Interaction Domain 2.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), accounting for approximately 90% of liver cancer, is the most lethal malignant tumors in the world. Large amount of evidence indicate that microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to the tumorigenesis and progression of HCC. Among them, miR-376c-3p was recently identified as a tumor-related miRNA and is up-regulated in HBV-related HCC.

Direct N-Alkylation and Kemp Elimination Reactions of 1-Sulfonyl-1H-Indazoles.

The reactions of 1-sulfonyl-1H-indazoles under basic conditions are discussed, and the direct N-alkylation and Kemp elimination reactions of these compounds are reported. A series of 2-(p-tosylamino)benzonitriles and N-alkyl indazoles were prepared in good yields. Moreover, the 2-(p-tosylamino)benzonitriles could be transformed into a diverse range of important derivatives in a one-pot reaction.

Dual-tail approach to discovery of novel carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitors by simultaneously matching the hydrophobic and hydrophilic halves of the active site.

Dual-tail approach was employed to design novel Carbonic Anhydrase (CA) IX inhibitors by simultaneously matching the hydrophobic and hydrophilic halves of the active site, which also contains a zinc ion as part of the catalytic center. The classic sulfanilamide moiety was used as the zinc binding group. An amino glucosamine fragment was chosen as the hydrophilic part and a cinnamamide fragment as the hydrophobic part in order to draw favorable interactions with the corresponding halves of the active site.

[Effect of HMGB1 on invasion and migration of human hepatoma cell line HepG2 and its mechanism].

Objective: To investigate the effect of high mobility group-box protein 1 (HMGB1)-siRNA on invasion and migration of human hepatoma cell line HepG2, and further to explore its mechanism.

Methods: HMGB1-siRNA was synthesized with RNA interference and transferred into HepG2 cells to down-regulate the expression of HMGB1. The invasion and migration activities were assayed by Transwell™ assay and monolayer wounding healing assay.

Compact Q-switched and mode-locked Nd3+:YVO4/Cr4+:YAG self-Raman laser.

Compact passively Q-switched and mode-locked Nd(3+):YVO(4)/Cr(4+):YAG self-Raman laser with high mode-locked repetition rate was demonstrated. The picosecond first Stokes at 1176 nm was successfully obtained. At the maximum incident pump power, the average output power was 95 mW with the mode-locked pulse repetition rate of 940 MHz.

β N-O turns and helices induced by β2-aminoxy peptides: synthesis and conformational studies.

Herein, we report an efficient route for the asymmetric synthesis of β(2)-aminoxy acids as well as experimental and theoretical studies of conformations of peptides composed of β(2)-aminoxy acids. The nine-membered-ring intramolecular hydrogen bonds, namely, β N-O turns, are generated between adjacent residues in those peptides, in accordance with our computational results. The presence of two consecutive homochiral β N-O turns leads to the formation of β N-O helical structures in solution, although both helical (composed of two β N-O turns of the same handedness) and reverse-turn (composed of two β N-O turns with opposite handedness) structures are of similar stability, as suggested by theoretical studies.

Chiral alpha-aminoxy acid/achiral cyclopropane alpha-aminoxy acid unit as a building block for constructing the alpha N-O helix.

The monomer 1 derived from achiral 1-(aminoxy)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (OAcc) and oligopeptides 2-9 consisting of a chiral alpha-aminoxy acid and an achiral alpha-aminoxy acid such as OAcc were synthesized and their structures characterized. The eight-membered-ring intramolecular hydrogen bond, namely the alpha N-O turn, was formed between adjacent residues independent of their chirality. However, the helix formation was sequence-dependent.