ABL1‒YAP1 axis in intestinal stem cell activated by deoxycholic acid contributes to hepatic steatosis.

Background: Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) regulates the survival, proliferation, and stemness of cells, and contributes to the development of metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, the regulatory role of intestinal YAP1 in MAFLD still remains unclear.

Methods: Terminal ileal specimens were used to compare intestinal YAP1 activation in patients with and without MAFLD.

A deep learning model based on magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging to evaluate intestinal metaplasia grading and OLGIM staging: A multicenter study.

Background And Purpose: Patients with stage III or IV of operative link for gastric intestinal metaplasia assessment (OLGIM) are at a higher risk of gastric cancer (GC). We aimed to construct a deep learning (DL) model based on magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI) to evaluate OLGIM staging.

Methods: This study included 4473 ME-NBI images obtained from 803 patients at three endoscopy centres.

The features of gastric epithelial reactive hyperplastic lesions under magnifying endoscopy combined with narrow-band imaging.

Background And Purpose: Gastric reactive hyperplasia (RH) is a common benign lesion of the gastric mucosa that can be resolved by conservative treatment without endoscopic intervention. Some RH lesions are indistinguishable from low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) lesions of gastric mucosa under endoscopy. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological features of RH lesions under magnifying endoscopy combined with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI).

Diagnosis and segmentation effect of the ME-NBI-based deep learning model on gastric neoplasms in patients with suspected superficial lesions - a multicenter study.

Background: Endoscopically visible gastric neoplastic lesions (GNLs), including early gastric cancer and intraepithelial neoplasia, should be accurately diagnosed and promptly treated. However, a high rate of missed diagnosis of GNLs contributes to the potential risk of the progression of gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to develop a deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for the diagnosis and segmentation of GNLs under magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI) in patients with suspected superficial lesions.

Intestinal Stem Cells Damaged by Deoxycholic Acid via AHR Pathway Contributes to Mucosal Barrier Dysfunction in High-Fat Feeding Mice.

High-fat exposure leads to impaired intestinal barrier function by disrupting the function of intestinal stem cells (ISCs); however, the exact mechanism of this phenomenon is still not known. We hypothesize that high concentrations of deoxycholic acid (DCA) in response to a high-fat diet (HFD) affect aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signalling in ISCs and the intestinal barrier. For this purpose, C57BL/6J mice feeding on a low-fat diet (LFD), an HFD, an HFD with the bile acid binder cholestyramine, and a LFD with the DCA were studied.

An elevated deoxycholic acid level induced by high-fat feeding damages intestinal stem cells by reducing the ileal IL-22.

Long-term high-fat diet (HFD) destroys the intestinal mucosal barrier by damaging intestinal stem cells (ISCs). A HFD can increase the concentration of intestinal deoxycholic acid (DCA) and decrease the secretion of interleukin-22 (IL-22), which plays an important role in the proliferation, repair and regeneration of ISCs. We hypothesized that increased level of intestinal DCA induced by a HFD leads to ISC dysfunction by reducing the IL-22 levels in intestinal tissues.

A new exploration of white globe appearance (WGA) in ulcerative lesions.

Aim:  White globe appearance (WGA), a small white lesion with a globular shape that can be clearly visualized by magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI), was reported to be a reliable marker of early gastric cancer (EGC). However, we found that this endoscopic presentation could also be seen in non-cancerous tissues, especially in ulcerative lesions. This study aimed to further investigate the diagnostic value of WGA in differentiating non-cancerous lesions from EGC in ulcer-type cases.

Bile acids elevated by high-fat feeding induce endoplasmic reticulum stress in intestinal stem cells and contribute to mucosal barrier damage.

Long-term high-fat feeding (HF) induces intestinal mucosal barrier damage. However, the mechanism for this remains unclear. HF can elevate the intestinal and circulating bile acid (BA) levels, especially deoxycholic acid (DCA).

Endoscopic acanthosis nigricans appearance: A novel specific marker for diagnosis of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia.

Background And Aim: At present, there is no recognized diagnostic criteria for gastric low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN). The purpose of this study was to determine whether an "endoscopic acanthosis nigricans appearance (EANA)" could be a useful endoscopic marker for distinguishing LGIN lesions from peripheral non-neoplastic tissues.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 638 cases of suspected superficial lesions with endoscopic images from white light endoscopy and magnifying endoscopy combined with narrow band imaging.