Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 alleviates lung endothelial cells injury by inhibition of ferroptosis.

Background: In recent years, the survival rate of preterm infants has significantly improved due to the application of pulmonary surfactant (PS) and advancements in lung-protective mechanical ventilation strategies. However, this has been accompanied by an increased incidence of complications, particularly lung diseases triggered by elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by hyperoxia. The primary mechanism of hyperoxic lung injury (HLI) involves the excessive production of ROS within cells and the aggregation of inflammatory cells.

Distinct impulsivity profiles in subtypes of violence among community-dwelling patients with severe mental disorders: a longitudinal study.

Background: Although only a few patients with severe mental disorders (SMD) can commit violent behaviour in the community, violent behaviour aggravates the stigma towards patients with SMD. Understanding the subtypes of violent behaviour may be beneficial for preventing violent behaviour among patients with SMD, but it has rarely been studied.

Methods: This longitudinal study investigated 1914 patients with SMD in the community at baseline, and the follow-up period ranged from February 2021 to August 2021.

The role of attention and verbal rehearsal in remembering more valuable item-colour binding.

Selectively remembering more valuable information can improve memory efficiency. Such value effects have been observed on long-term memory for item-colour binding, but the possible contributory factors are unclear. The current study explored contributions from attention (Experiment 1) and verbal rehearsal (Experiment 2).

Construction of a novel S-scheme AgVO/CaInS heterostructure for efficient photodegradation of tetracycline hydrochloride.

Constructing an S-scheme system with highly active catalysts is a significant approach for improving the separation of photoinduced carriers to solve the related environmental aggravation. In this study, a well-designed S-scheme AgVO/CaInS photocatalyst was synthesized for water purification by growing CaInS nanocrystals on AgVO nanorod surfaces. The optimized AgVO/CaInS heterostructure demonstrates an enhanced photocatalytic efficiency (94.

AtHD2D is involved in regulating lateral root development and participates in abiotic stress response in Arabidopsis.

Roots are essential to terrestrial plants, as their growth and morphology are crucial for plant development. The growth of the roots is affected and regulated by several internal and external environmental signals and metabolic pathways. Among them, chromatin modification plays an important regulatory role.

A 3D hierarchical TiO/CaInS/CNarrays photoanode with dual-heterojunction for enhanced photoelectrochemical performance.

A novel 3D hierarchical TiO/CaInS/CNarrays with dual heterojunctions photoanode is constructed by stepwise deposition of CaInSnanosheets and ultrathin CNonto the well-aligned TiOnanorods arrays. Integrating the merit of the superior ability of CaInSand CNto harvest visible light, dual type-Ⅱ heterojunction band structure and one-dimensional ordered nanostructures, the TiO/CaInS/CNphotoanode exhibits simultaneous significant improvements in visible-light harvesting, charge separation and electron transfer capability. At 1.

Ascorbic Acid Reprograms Epigenome and Epitranscriptome by Reducing Fe(III) in the Catalytic Cycle of Dioxygenases.

Ascorbic acid (ASC) has been reported to stimulate DNA iterative oxidase ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, Jumonji C-domain-containing histone demethylases, and potentially RNA mA demethylases FTO and ALKBH5 as a cofactor. Although ascorbic acid has been widely investigated in reprogramming DNA and histone methylation status , in cultured cells and mouse models, its specific role in the catalytic cycle of dioxygenases remains enigmatic. Here, we systematically investigated the stimulation of ASC toward TET2, ALKBH3, histone demethylases, and FTO.

Erythromycin Attenuates Hyperoxia Induced Lung Injury by Enhancing GSH Expression and Inhibiting Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines.

Oxidative stress and inflammation have proven to be key factors contributing to the occurrence of BPD. Erythromycin has been shown to be effective in treating the redox imbalance seen in many non-bacterial infectious chronic inflammatory diseases. Ninety-six premature rats were randomly divided into air + saline chloride group, air + erythromycin group, hyperoxia + saline chloride group and hyperoxia + erythromycin group.

Status of mandatory treatment of mentally ill offenders without criminal responsibility in China: Information from 5,262 mandatory treatment judgments.

Background: To avoid public health risks, all governments ensure monitoring and treatment of mentally ill persons if they offend and assess their level of criminal responsibility. The Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China (2013) instituted special procedures. However, there are few articles in English which explain the implementation of mandatory treatment procedures in China.

Structure and Function of TET Enzymes.

Mammalian DNA methylation mainly occurs at the carbon-C5 position of cytosine (5mC). TET enzymes were discovered to successively oxidize 5mC to 5-hydromethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes and oxidized 5mC derivatives play important roles in various biological and pathological processes, including regulation of DNA demethylation, gene transcription, embryonic development, and oncogenesis.

Structures of +1 nucleosome-bound PIC-Mediator complex.

RNA polymerase II-mediated eukaryotic transcription starts with the assembly of the preinitiation complex (PIC) on core promoters. The +1 nucleosome is well positioned about 40 base pairs downstream of the transcription start site (TSS) and is commonly known as a barrier of transcription. The +1 nucleosome-bound PIC-Mediator structures show that PIC-Mediator prefers binding to T40N nucleosome located 40 base pairs downstream of TSS and contacts T50N but not the T70N nucleosome.

AtHD2D, a plant-specific histone deacetylase involved in abscisic acid response and lateral root development.

In eukaryotes, histone acetylation levels directly regulate downstream gene expression. As a plant-specific histone deacetylase (HDAC), HD2D is involved in plant development and abiotic stress. However, the response of HD2D to drought stress and its interacting proteins, is still unclear.

NM23 Is a CP-Binding Protein Involved in Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus Infection in Shrimp.

The aim of this study was to identify the putative host cell receptor for Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHHNV) CP in the gill membrane of . Putative CP binding partners were screened first using a 2-dimensional Virus Overlay Protein Blot Assay (VOPBA) to probe isolated gill membrane proteins using recombinant CP. Putative binding partners were identified using mass spectrometry.

Pharmacokinetic changes for newer antiepileptic drugs and seizure control during pregnancy.

Objective: To investigate pharmacokinetic changes in newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and assess seizure frequencies and risk factors of increased seizures during pregnancy in women with epilepsy (WWE).

Methods: A total of 56 pregnancies in 53 WWE who received newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) were enrolled. Data on seizure activity and types, daily dose, and AEDs blood levels were derived from routine clinical follow-up.

Protective effect of adrenomedullin on hyperoxia-induced lung injury.

Objectives: To study the role of adrenomedullin (ADM) in hyperoxia-induced lung injury by examining the effect of ADM on the expression of calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR), receptor activity-modifying protein 2 (RAMP2), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and protein kinase B (PKB) in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) under different experimental conditions.

Methods: HPMECs were randomly divided into an air group and a hyperoxia group (=3 each).The HPMECs in the hyperoxia group were cultured in an atmosphere of 92% O (3 L/minute) +5% CO.

Structures of the human Mediator and Mediator-bound preinitiation complex.

The 1.3-megadalton transcription factor IID (TFIID) is required for preinitiation complex (PIC) assembly and RNA polymerase II (Pol II)-mediated transcription initiation on almost all genes. The 26-subunit Mediator stimulates transcription and cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7)-mediated phosphorylation of the Pol II C-terminal domain (CTD).

The effect of value on long-term associative memory.

Items with high value are often remembered better than those with low value. It is not clear, however, whether this value effect extends to the binding of associative details (e.g.

The effect of self-referencing on memory for different kinds of source information.

Self-referential processing has been proven to be effective in improving source memory. However, it is unclear whether different types of source information would be consistently enhanced when an item is self-referentially processed. In two experiments, the authors examined the influence of the self (compared with other-referencing and semantic processing) as well as learning intention (incidental/intentional learning) on memory for two types of source information (spatial location and colour) that differ in the amount of cognitive resources they require to be encoded in memory.

Application of NMR metabolomics to search for human disease biomarkers in blood.

Recently, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR)-based metabolomics analysis and multivariate statistical techniques have been incorporated into a multidisciplinary approach to profile changes in small molecules associated with the onset and progression of human diseases. The purpose of these efforts is to identify unique metabolite biomarkers in a specific human disease so as to (1) accurately predict and diagnose diseases, including separating distinct disease stages; (2) provide insights into underlying pathways in the pathogenesis and progression of the malady and (3) aid in disease treatment and evaluate the efficacy of drugs. In this review we discuss recent developments in the application of NMR-based metabolomics in searching disease biomarkers in human blood samples in the last 5 years.

Cryo-EM structure of human DNA-PK holoenzyme.

DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) is a serine/threonine protein kinase complex composed of a catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) and KU70/80 heterodimer bound to DNA. DNA-PK holoenzyme plays a critical role in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), the major DNA repair pathway. Here, we determined cryo-electron microscopy structure of human DNA-PK holoenzyme at 6.

Structure and Function of TET Enzymes.

Mammalian DNA methylation mainly occurs at the carbon-C5 position of cytosine (5mC). TET enzymes were discovered to successively oxidize 5mC to 5-hydromethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). TET enzymes and oxidized 5mC derivatives play important roles in various biological and pathological processes, including regulation of DNA demethylation, gene transcription, embryonic development, and oncogenesis.

Structural insight into substrate preference for TET-mediated oxidation.

DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification. Ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins are involved in DNA demethylation through iteratively oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). Here we show that human TET1 and TET2 are more active on 5mC-DNA than 5hmC/5fC-DNA substrates.

Histone demethylase LSD2 acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and inhibits cancer cell growth through promoting proteasomal degradation of OGT.

Histone demethylases play important roles in various biological processes in a manner dependent on their demethylase activities. However, little is known about their demethylase-independent activities. Here, we report that LSD2, a well-known histone H3K4me1/me2 demethylase, possesses an unexpected E3 ubiquitin ligase activity.