Camera-based Respiratory Imaging for Thoracic Asymmetry in Thoracic Surgery Patients.

The current tool for assessing thoracic asymmetry of thoracic surgery patients is inappropriate for timely or frequent clinical routines due to its dependency on empirical physical examinations or specialized machines. This study investigates the camera-based respiratory imaging for screening thoracic asymmetry, in an intelligent and convenient way. The respiratory heatmaps are generated based on the respiratory magnitudes, phases and angles extracted from the chest video, and bilateral chest region of interest are compared statistically.

Identification of Germline Mutations in East-Asian Young Never-Smokers with Lung Adenocarcinoma by Whole-Exome Sequencing.

Unlabelled: Recently, an increasing number of young never-smokers are diagnosed with lung cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the genetic predisposition of lung cancer in these patients and discover candidate pathogenic variants for lung adenocarcinoma in young never-smokers. Peripheral blood was collected from 123 never-smoking east-Asian patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma before the age of 40.

Prognostic prediction of lung adenocarcinoma by integrative analysis of RHOH expression and methylation.

Background And Objective: The development of epigenetics holds great promise for diagnosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The purpose of this work was to analyze the correlation between Ras Homolog Gene Family Member H (RHOH) expression and methylation in patients with LUAD and its association with survival.

Methods: Data related to gene expression, DNA methylation, and clinical features of LUAD from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were analyzed.

Two case reports of preoperative selective artery embolization with robotic-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy for chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis: technology, safety and short-term outcomes.

Background: Minimally invasive surgical resection is a possible radical treatment for pulmonary aspergillosis; however, it is difficult and can be accompanied by a variety of complications, especially in chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis (CCPA). Selective artery embolization is usually conducted as palliative management or emergent control of hemoptysis in CCPA. In this report, we share our experience of 2 CCPA patients who underwent preoperative selective artery embolization followed by robotic-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy.

Verification of the efficiency of saline gargle sampling for detection of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, a pilot study.

A saline gargle (SG) has proven to be an efficient method of sampling to detect SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this pilot study was to verify the efficiency of SG sampling in detecting the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2. Subjects were a total of 68 patients with COVID-19 (Omicron variant), and 167 pairs of samples were collected.

Comparison of perioperative and survival outcomes between sublobar resection and lobectomy of patients who underwent a second pulmonary resection.

Background: Repeat pulmonary resection is widely accepted in clinical practice. This study aimed to compare sublobar resection (segmentectomy or wedge resection) with lobectomy in the treatment of patients who underwent a second pulmonary resection.

Methods: This study retrospectively included patients who underwent lobectomy or sublobar resection for second pulmonary resection.

A systematic dissection of the epigenomic heterogeneity of lung adenocarcinoma reveals two different subclasses with distinct prognosis and core regulatory networks.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly malignant and heterogeneous tumor that involves various oncogenic genetic alterations. Epigenetic processes play important roles in lung cancer development. However, the variation in enhancer and super-enhancer landscapes of LUAD patients remains largely unknown.

Distinct mechanisms for TMPRSS2 expression explain organ-specific inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infection by enzalutamide.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly become a global public health threat. The efficacy of several repurposed drugs has been evaluated in clinical trials. Among these drugs, a second-generation antiandrogen agent, enzalutamide, was proposed because it reduces the expression of transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), a key component mediating SARS-CoV-2-driven entry, in prostate cancer cells.

Integrated analysis of optical mapping and whole-genome sequencing reveals intratumoral genetic heterogeneity in metastatic lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Intratumoral heterogeneity is a crucial factor to the outcome of patients and resistance to therapies, in which structural variants play an indispensable but undiscovered role.

Methods: We performed an integrated analysis of optical mapping and whole-genome sequencing on a primary tumor (PT) and matched metastases including lymph node metastasis (LNM) and tumor thrombus in the pulmonary vein (TPV). Single nucleotide variants, indels and structural variants were analyzed to reveal intratumoral genetic heterogeneity among tumor cells in different sites.

EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma harboring co-mutational tumor suppressor genes predicts poor prognosis.

Introduction: EGFR mutations occur most frequently in patients with lung adenocarcinoma in East Asia. However, the prognostic and therapeutic impact of co-mutational status of EGFR and tumor suppressor genes is not fully understood. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of lung adenocarcinoma patients with co-mutation of EGFR and tumor suppressor genes.

Genomic and immune profiling of pre-invasive lung adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma are the pre-invasive forms of lung adenocarcinoma. The genomic and immune profiles of these lesions are poorly understood. Here we report exome and transcriptome sequencing of 98 lung adenocarcinoma precursor lesions and 99 invasive adenocarcinomas.

FGB and FGG derived from plasma exosomes as potential biomarkers to distinguish benign from malignant pulmonary nodules.

Previous proteomic analysis (label-free) of plasma exosomes revealed that the expression of FGG and FGB was significantly higher in the malignant pulmonary nodules group, compared to the benign pulmonary nodules group. The present study was performed to evaluate the role of plasma exosomal proteins FGB and FGG in the diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules. We examined the expression levels of FGB and FGG in plasma exosomes from 63 patients before surgery.

Outcomes comparison between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy in stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Background: A neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) is a feasible second-option other than an adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT); however, no definite conclusions have been drawn about whether or not a NCT is associated with better clinical outcomes for IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods: We reviewed 68 clinical IIIA NSCLC patients who received preoperative chemotherapy (NCT group), and 535 pathological IIIA NSCLC patients who received ACT after surgery (ACT group). After a 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM), we compared the relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates as the long-term clinical outcomes, and hospital stay, surgery duration, postoperative complications as the short-term clinical outcomes.

tRNA-based prognostic score in predicting survival outcomes of lung adenocarcinomas.

As the most abundant noncoding RNA in cells, tRNA plays an important role in tumorigenesis and development. The report of tRNA on the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma is rare. It is of great clinical significance to explore the relationship between tRNA expression and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.

SIRT5 deficiency suppresses mitochondrial ATP production and promotes AMPK activation in response to energy stress.

Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) is a member of the NAD+-dependent sirtuin family of protein deacylase that catalyzes removal of post-translational modifications, such as succinylation, malonylation, and glutarylation on lysine residues. In light of the SIRT5's roles in regulating mitochondrion function, we show here that SIRT5 deficiency leads to suppression of mitochondrial NADH oxidation and inhibition of ATP synthase activity. As a result, SIRT5 deficiency decreases mitochondrial ATP production, increases AMP/ATP ratio, and subsequently activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in cultured cells and mouse hearts under energy stress conditions.

Proteomic analysis of plasma exosomes to differentiate malignant from benign pulmonary nodules.

Background: It is difficult to distinguish benign pulmonary nodules (PNs) from malignant PNs by conventional examination. Therefore, novel biomarkers that can identify the nature of PNs are needed. Exosomes have recently been identified as an attractive alternative approach since tumor-specific molecules can be found in exosomes isolated from biological fluids.

The lymph node status and histologic subtypes influenced the effect of postoperative radiotherapy on patients with N2 positive IIIA non-small cell lung cancer.

Background And Objective: To investigate the role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and subgroups which derived benefit from PORT.

Methods: A total of 576 patients with pathological IIIA-N2 NSCLC, who underwent complete resection, were identified. Propensity score matching (PSM) methods were used to balance the patients' characteristics between two groups.

Clinical Significance of Complex Glandular Patterns in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Clinicopathologic and Molecular Study in a Large Series of Cases.

Objectives: To explore whether complex glandular patterns (CGPs) have a potential role in the clinical management of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: We included 356 patients with lung adenocarcinoma with available clinicopathologic information, gene mutations, and clinical outcomes for analysis.

Results: We identified 54 (15.

Super enhancer associated is a new potential biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are widely used to treat lung adenocarcinoma patients with mutations or -fusions. However, patients with wild-type genes or TKIs-resistant mutations lack effective therapeutic targets. Extensive studies reveal that super enhancer (SE), a large -regulatory element, is associated with key oncogenes in a variety of cancers.

[Effects of combined applications of pig farm slurry and chemical fertilizer on medium- and micro-element contents and quality of wheat].

Taking Yangmai 18, widely cultivated in south of Huaihe River, as experimental material, this study investigated the effects of application of 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 m3 x hm(-2) pig farm slurry (PS) at the wintering stage combined with the application of 0, 30, 60, 90 kg x hm(-2) urea at the heading stage on medium- and micro-element contents and quality of wheat. The results showed that the Ca, Mg and Fe contents of plant firstly decreased then increased with the extension of the growth period, but the Cu, Zn and Mn contents decreased continuously through the growth period. Ca, Mg, Cu and Zn reached the highest value at every growth stage except the jointing stage when applying 120 m3 x hm(-2) PS with 90 kg x hm(-2) urea.