Revealing sRNA expression profiles of NDM-5-producing CRKP and explore the role of sRNA207 in NDM-5-producing CRKP resistance.

Unlabelled: New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-5 (NDM-5)-producing carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) is characterized by high virulence, high morbidity, and mortality, and the detection rate in children has increased in recent years. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new therapeutic targets and strategies. Non-coding small RNA (sRNA)-mediated RNA-based therapies offer a new direction for the treatment of bacterial infections, especially resistant bacteria.

Screening of Cancer-Specific Biomarkers for Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on a Proteome Microarray.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with one of the highest mortality rates among cancers, rendering its early diagnosis clinically invaluable. Serum biomarkers, specifically alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), represent the most promising and widely used diagnostic biomarkers for HCC. However, its detection rate is low in the early stages of HCC progression, and distinguishing specific false positives for other liver-related diseases, such as cirrhosis and acute hepatitis, remains challenging.

Causal linkage of Graves' disease with aging: Mendelian randomization analysis of telomere length and age-related phenotypes.

Background: Aging is an irreversible progressive decline in physical function. Graves' disease (GD) is a common cause of hyperthyroidism and is characterized by elevated levels of the thyroid hormone (TH). High TH levels are associated with aging and a shortened lifespan.

Advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of pneumococcal meningitis.

is a common pathogen associated with community-acquired bacterial meningitis, characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. While vaccination reduces the incidence of meningitis, many survivors experience severe brain damage and corresponding sequelae. The pathogenesis of pneumococcal meningitis has not been fully elucidated.

Uncovering novel mechanisms of chitinase-3-like protein 1 in driving inflammation-associated cancers.

Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) is a secreted glycoprotein that is induced and regulated by multiple factors during inflammation in enteritis, pneumonia, asthma, arthritis, and other diseases. It is associated with the deterioration of the inflammatory environment in tissues with chronic inflammation caused by microbial infection or autoimmune diseases. The expression of CHI3L1 expression is upregulated in several malignant tumors, underscoring the crucial role of chronic inflammation in the initiation and progression of cancer.

Research advances in serum chitinase-3-like protein 1 in liver fibrosis.

While liver fibrosis remains a serious, progressive, chronic liver disease, and factors causing damage persist, liver fibrosis may develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer. However, short-term liver fibrosis is reversible. Therefore, an early diagnosis of liver fibrosis in the reversible transition phase is important for effective treatment of liver diseases.

Serotype distribution, antibiotic resistance, multilocus sequence typing, and virulence factors of invasive and non-invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae in Northeast China from 2000 to 2021.

Streptococcus pneumoniae infection is a major public health concern with high morbidity and mortality rates. This study aimed to evaluate the serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance changes, clonal composition, and virulence factors of S. pneumoniae isolates causing pneumococcal disease in northeast China from 2000 to 2021.

Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance profiles of isolates from hospitalized patients in different regions of China.

Introduction: The increasing incidence of Klebsiella pneumoniae and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has posed great challenges for the clinical anti-infective treatment. Here, we describe the molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance profiles of K. pneumoniae and CRKP isolates from hospitalized patients in different regions of China.

A Patient of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Hepatitis C Cirrhosis Caused by : A Case Report.

Background: is an opportunistic pathogen that rarely causes clinical infections. Here, we first report a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with hepatitis C cirrhosis caused by .

Case Presentation: A 71-year-old male patient was diagnosed with spontaneous bacteria peritonitis secondary to hepatitis C cirrhosis.

A prospective cohort-based artificial intelligence evaluation system for the protective efficacy and immune response of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccines.

Background: Novel coronaviruses constitute a significant health threat, prompting the adoption of vaccination as the primary preventive measure. However, current evaluations of immune response and vaccine efficacy are deemed inadequate.

Objectives: The study sought to explore the evolving dynamics of immune response at various vaccination time points and during breakthrough infections.

sRNA expression profile of KPC-2-producing carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: Functional role of sRNA51.

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has significant challenges to human health and clinical treatment, with KPC-2-producing CRKP being the predominant epidemic strain. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new therapeutic targets and strategies. Non-coding small RNA (sRNA) is a post-transcriptional regulator of genes involved in important biological processes in bacteria and represents an emerging therapeutic strategy for antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

A prognostic model for SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection: Analyzing a prospective cellular immunity cohort.

Background: Following the COVID-19 pandemic, studies have identified several prevalent characteristics, especially related to lymphocyte subsets. However, limited research is available on the focus of this study, namely, the specific memory cell subsets among individuals who received COVID-19 vaccine boosters and subsequently experienced a SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection.

Methods: Flow cytometry (FCM) was employed to investigate the early and longitudinal pattern changes of cellular immunity in patients with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections following COVID-19 vaccine boosters.

Novel Polystyrene-Binding Nanobody for Enhancing Immunoassays: Insights into Affinity, Immobilization, and Application Potential.

Nanobodies, which represent the next generation of antibodies due to their unique properties, face a significant limitation in their poor physical adsorption on solid supports. In this study, we successfully discovered polystyrene binding nanobodies from a synthetic nanobody library. Notably, bivalent nanobody B2 exhibited high affinity for polystyrene (0.

Proteome microarray identifies autoantibody biomarkers for diagnosis of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background And Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has the highest mortality rate among malignant tumors worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the biological characteristics of serum proteins in hepatitis B (HBV)-related liver diseases, identify diagnostic biomarkers for HBV-infected HCC, and provide a scientific basis for its prevention and treatment.

Materials And Methods: We used HuProt arrays to identify candidate biomarkers for HBV-related liver diseases and verified the differential biomarkers by using an HCC-focused array.

Biological effects of IL-21 on immune cells and its potential for cancer treatment.

Interleukin-21 (IL-21), a member of the IL-2 cytokine family, is one of the most important effector and messenger molecules in the immune system. Produced by various immune cells, IL-21 has pleiotropic effects on innate and adaptive immune responses via regulation of natural killer, T, and B cells. An anti-tumor role of IL-21 has also been reported in the literature, as it may support cell proliferation or on the contrary induce growth arrest or apoptosis of the tumor cell.

An update on our understanding of Gram-positive bacterial membrane vesicles: discovery, functions, and applications.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized particles released from cells into the extracellular environment, and are separated from eukaryotic cells, bacteria, and other organisms with cellular structures. EVs alter cell communication by delivering their contents and performing various functions depending on their cargo and release into certain environments or other cells. The cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer and were previously thought to be unable to produce EVs.

Metformin combined with rapamycin ameliorates podocyte injury in idiopathic membranous nephropathy through the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.

Autophagy activation protects against podocyte injury in idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). The AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway is a vital autophagy regulatory pathway. Metformin promotes autophagy, whereas rapamycin is an autophagy agonist.

Altered profile of glycosylated proteins in serum samples obtained from patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis following depletion of highly abundant proteins.

Objectives: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders; however, its underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Although aberrant glycosylation has been implicated in the N-glycome of immunoglobulin G (IgG), changes in serum proteins have not been comprehensively characterized. This study aimed to investigate glycosylation profiles in serum samples depleted of highly abundant proteins from patients with HT and propose the potential functions of glycoproteins for further studies on the pathological mechanisms of HT.

Immunology of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.

Comprehensive elucidation of humoral immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and vaccination is critical for understanding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathogenesis in general and developing antibody-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies specifically. Following the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, significant scientific research has been conducted worldwide using omics, sequencing and immunologic approaches. These studies have been critical to the successful development of vaccines.

Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Low Molecular Weight Heparin and Aspirin in the Treatment of Thrombosis During Pregnancy and Effects on Coagulation Function.

Background: At present, there is no comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for the treatment of thrombophilia during pregnancy in clinical practice. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of LMWH in the treatment of patients and its effects on coagulation function, thereby providing a reference for the clinical treatment and prognosis evaluation of thrombophilia during pregnancy.

Methods: Database PubMed, Web of Science and Embase as well as China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Database were applied for the search of data.

Early warning signs of thyroid autoantibodies seroconversion: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Serum anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin antibody (anti-Tg) levels are key indicators for the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases, especially autoimmune thyroiditis. Before the thyroid autoantibodies turn from negative to positive, it is unknown whether any clinical indicators in the body play a warning role.

Purpose: To establish an early prediction model of seroconversion to positive thyroid autoantibodies.

Vitamin D status among residents of Molidawa Daur Autonomous Banner, Inner Mongolia, North China.

Objectives: To retrospectively analyze the vitamin D (VD) status of residents in northeastern Inner Mongolia and its relationship with the average monthly sunshine hours.

Methods: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[s-25(OH)D] samples from 4982 outpatients (2092 males) in Moli Dawa Daur Autonomous Banner People's Hospital, Hulunbuir, China from July 2018 to January 2022 were included in this study.

Results: The overall median s-25(OH)D was 53.

Current status and challenges in establishing reference intervals based on real-world data.

Reference intervals (RIs) are the cornerstone for evaluation of test results in clinical practice and are invaluable in judging patient health and making clinical decisions. Establishing RIs based on clinical laboratory data is a branch of real-world data mining research. Compared to the traditional direct method, this indirect approach is highly practical, widely applicable, and low-cost.

Progress in understanding primary glomerular disease: insights from urinary proteomics and in-depth analyses of potential biomarkers based on bioinformatics.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a global public health challenge. While primary glomerular disease (PGD) is one of the leading causes of CKD, the specific pathogenesis of PGD is still unclear. Accurate diagnosis relies largely on invasive renal biopsy, which carries risks of bleeding, pain, infection and kidney vein thrombosis.