PDMS diaphragm based miniature fiber-optic Fabry-Perot dynamic pressure sensor for turbomachinery application.

Small-sized, highly sensitive dynamic pressure sensors are crucial in the field of turbomachinery application. In this paper, a fiber-tip structure dynamic pressure sensor utilizing a small piece of glass tube as the air cavity and PDMS material as the diaphragm was fabricated. It has the advantage of being small in size with the diameter of 125 µm while having high sensitivity of 26.

Image fusion guidance for left subclavian artery in situ fenestration during thoracic endovascular repair.

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility and clinical benefit of utilizing image fusion for thoracic endovascular repair (TEVAR) with in situ fenestration (ISF-TEVAR).

Materials And Methods: Between January 2020 and December 2020, we prospectively collected 18 consecutive cases with complex thoracic aortic lesions who underwent image fusion guided ISF-TEVAR. As a control group, 18 patients were collected from historical medical records from June 2019 to December 2019.

Enhanced stent visualization system for percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with chronic kidney disease: effects on contrast media volume and radiation exposure.

Objective: We aimed to assess the impact of using enhanced stent visualization (ESV) systems on contrast media volume and radiation dose in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), especially for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), as they share a similar pathological pathway. In addition, the iodinated contrast media used for angiography is a risk factor for contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI), which could aggravate the progression of CKD.

Research on the difference between patients with coronary heart disease and healthy controls by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the primary causes of death globally. There are several diagnostic techniques for CHD at present, but they are invasive and with limited accuracy. In the work, measurement of human urine based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was proposed to diagnose CHD.

Demographics, in-hospital analysis, and prevalence of 33 rare diseases with effective treatment in Shanghai.

Background: Rare diseases are ailments which impose a heavy burden on individual patients and global society as a whole. The rare disease management landscape is not a smooth one-a rare disease is quite often hard to diagnose, treat, and investigate. In China, the country's rapid economic rise and development has brought an increased focus on rare diseases.

Improving the Diagnosis of Phenylketonuria by Using a Machine Learning-Based Screening Model of Neonatal MRM Data.

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a common genetic metabolic disorder that affects the infant's nerve development and manifests as abnormal behavior and developmental delay as the child grows. Currently, a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer (TQ-MS) is a common high-accuracy clinical PKU screening method. However, there is high false-positive rate associated with this modality, and its reduction can provide a diagnostic and economic benefit to both pediatric patients and health providers.

Measurement of the mean aspect ratio and two characteristic dimensions of polydisperse arbitrary shaped nanoparticles, using translational-rotational ultrafast image-based dynamic light scattering.

In this paper, we propose a method to determine the mean value of two characteristic dimensions and the mean aspect ratio of a sample of polydisperse arbitrary shaped nanoparticles named translational-rotational ultrafast image-based dynamic light scattering (TR-UIDLS), which is extended from the ultrafast image-based dynamic light scattering. In TR-UIDLS, rigid arbitrary shaped nanoparticles characterized by two characteristic dimensions, are in Brownian motion in a solvent. They are illuminated by a vertically polarized focused Gaussian beam.

Genomic analysis of a spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) discordant family identifies a novel mutation in TLL2, an activator of growth differentiation factor 8 (myostatin): a case report.

Background: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neuromuscular disorder threating hundreds of thousands of lives worldwide. And the severity of SMA differs among different clinical types, which has been demonstrated to be modified by factors like SMN2, SERF1, NAIP, GTF2H2 and PLS3. However, the severities of many SMA cases, especially the cases within a family, often failed to be explained by these modifiers.

PhenoModifier: a genetic modifier database for elucidating the genetic basis of human phenotypic variation.

From clinical observations to large-scale sequencing studies, the phenotypic impact of genetic modifiers is evident. To better understand the full spectrum of the genetic contribution to human disease, concerted efforts are needed to construct a useful modifier resource for interpreting the information from sequencing data. Here, we present the PhenoModifier (https://www.

Analysis of economic burden and its associated factors of twenty-three rare diseases in Shanghai.

Background: It is estimated that at present there are over 10 million rare disease patients in China. Recently an increased focus from policy perspective has been placed on rare diseases management. Improved disease definitions and the releases of local and national rare disease lists are some of the steps taken already.

Influence of drugs on the prospective diagnostic method for coronary heart disease with urine.

The morbidity of coronary heart disease (CHD) with high risks has been rising in recent years. A novel and noninvasive method based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was proposed by Yang et al. (Analyst 143: 2235, 2018) to prospectively diagnose the arterial blockage by detecting platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in urine.

Noninvasive and prospective diagnosis of coronary heart disease with urine using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

A prospective diagnosis method for coronary heart disease (CHD) using human urine based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is proposed, and could provide valuable information for judging whether to perform percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in clinics. Here, urine samples from 87 patients with CHD, including patients with PCI before operation (degree of cardiovascular congestion above 70%) and without PCI (degree of cardiovascular congestion under 70%), and 20 healthy humans were measured using SERS. Principal component analysis (PCA) combined with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was employed to analyze the SERS spectra, revealing that the classification sensitivity and specificity were 90% and 78.

Right- and left-handed rules on the transverse spin angular momentum of a surface wave of photonic crystal.

By investigating the surface wave of photonic crystal, we put forward two sets of rules: the right-handed screw rule, judging the transverse spin angular momentum (SAM) directions according to the propagation direction of the surface wave; and the left-handed rule, judging the excitation direction of the surface wave in accordance to the SAM direction of incident circularly polarized light and the relative position of the dipole-like scatterer with respect to the interface where the surface wave propagates. Both right- and left-handed rules apply to the interface consisting of opposite-sign-permittivity materials. With the help of these two sets of rules, it is convenient to judge the direction of the transverse SAM and the excited surface wave, which facilitate the application involving transverse SAM of the surface wave.

Interrogating Patient-level Genomics and Mouse Phenomics towards Understanding Cytokines in Colorectal Cancer Metastasis.

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cancer-related death worldwide and a majority of patients die from metastasis. Chronic intestinal inflammation plays an important role in tumor progression of colorectal cancer. However, few study works on systematically predicting colorectal cancer metastasis using inflammatory cytokine genes.

Simultaneous measurement of film thickness, temperature, and mass fraction of urea-water-solutions by multi-wavelength laser absorption spectroscopy.

Quantitative analysis for thickness, temperature, and mass fraction of liquid film is extremely crucial to the relevant industrial processes, but these parameters cannot be determined simultaneously by conventional measurement techniques. In the present work, a novel measurement method based on laser absorption spectroscopy was developed to measure the film temperature, thickness, and mass fraction of urea-water-solutions simultaneously by combining three wavelengths, 1420 nm, 1488 nm, and 1531 nm. Moreover, measurement accuracy of this method was validated by a calibration tool which provided liquid film with known film thickness, temperature, and mass fraction, respectively.

A novel method for plastic particle sizing in suspension based on acoustic impedance spectrum.

The objective of this paper is to explore the relationship between the characteristics of plastic particles in suspension and acoustic impedance spectrum and to present a novel non-invasive methodology for both spherical and non-spherical particle sizing. By modifying the ultrasonic attenuation spectral model, theories relating acoustic impedance spectrum to particle characteristics have been established to implement quite a few numerical simulations for the first time, revealing that the acoustic impedance of plastic particles is sensitive to changes in particle concentration and size. Afterwards, experiments were carried out on polystyrene suspensions made by particles with different sizes.

Predict drug permeability to blood-brain-barrier from clinical phenotypes: drug side effects and drug indications.

Motivation: Blood-Brain-Barrier (BBB) is a rigorous permeability barrier for maintaining homeostasis of Central Nervous System (CNS). Determination of compound's permeability to BBB is prerequisite in CNS drug discovery. Existing computational methods usually predict drug BBB permeability from chemical structure and they generally apply to small compounds passing BBB through passive diffusion.

[Research on Radiation Spectrum of Pulverized Coal Combustion Flame].

In order to study on radiation spectrum of pulverized coal flame, radiation spectrums of pulverized coal flame on flat flame burner were measured with fiber optic spectrometer and the radiation characteristic was analyzed in detail. Distribution curves of radiation intensity of flame with wavelength were obtained based on Planck’s Law and calibration by using blackbody furnace. Then, combustion parameters such as temperature and emissivity were calculated by using least square method.

Explore Small Molecule-induced Genome-wide Transcriptional Profiles for Novel Inflammatory Bowel Disease Drug.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing disorder, which affects millions people worldwide. Current drug options cannot cure the disease and may cause severe side effects. We developed a systematic framework to identify novel IBD drugs exploiting millions of genomic signatures for chemical compounds.

Ultrafast image-based dynamic light scattering for nanoparticle sizing.

An ultrafast sizing method for nanoparticles is proposed, called as UIDLS (Ultrafast Image-based Dynamic Light Scattering). This method makes use of the intensity fluctuation of scattered light from nanoparticles in Brownian motion, which is similar to the conventional DLS method. The difference in the experimental system is that the scattered light by nanoparticles is received by an image sensor instead of a photomultiplier tube.

Combining Human Disease Genetics and Mouse Model Phenotypes towards Drug Repositioning for Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder without effective treatments. Here, we present a novel drug repositioning approach to predict new drugs for PD leveraging both disease genetics and large amounts of mouse model phenotypes. First, we identified PD-specific mouse phenotypes using well-studied human disease genes.

Indirect measurement of the intensity of incident light by the light transmission fluctuation method.

The light transmission fluctuation method is a simple and useful method for in situ and in-line measurement of particle size and concentration. To accomplish the measurement, it is necessary to know the intensity of incident light or background signal I(0). However, measuring I(0) during in-line applications is hard.

Optimized inversion procedure for retrieval of particle size distributions from dynamic light-scattering signals in current detection mode.

Dynamic light-scattering signals in the current detection mode are normally analyzed in the frequency domain. We propose an optimized inversion procedure for retrieval of the size distributions of the measured particles from such signals, including proper signal preprocessing and application of a Chahine-like relaxation technique, to solve a matrix equation. As for the results of the numerical experiments, the median value of the index of the discrepancy between the output distribution and the true one was mostly under 25% with 2% rms noise on the power spectral density of raw signals.

Theoretical prediction of radiation pressure force exerted on a spheroid by an arbitrarily shaped beam.

A rigorous theory is developed to predict the radiation pressure force (RPF) exerted on a spheroid by an arbitrarily oriented and located shaped beam. Analytical expressions of RPF are derived for a homogeneous spheroid, which can be prolate or oblate, transparent or absorbing. Exemplifying calculations are performed and RPF calculations for spheroids are compared to RPF calculations for spheres.