Hugan Qingzhi tablets attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease rats by regulating PERK and ATF6 pathways.

Background: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, promoting lipid metabolism disorders and steatohepatitis, contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hugan Qingzhi tablets (HQT) has a definite effect in the clinical treatment of NAFLD patients, but its mechanism is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of HQT on ER stress in the liver tissues of NAFLD rats and explore the underlying mechanism.

Hugan Qingzhi medication ameliorates free fatty acid-induced L02 hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum stress by regulating the activation of PKC-δ.

Background: Previous studies have found that Hugan Qingzhi tablet (HQT) has significant lipid-lowering and antioxidant effects on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Moreover, the results of proteomic analysis confirmed that various proteins in endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway were activated and recovered by HQT. However, its mechanism remains confused.

Modulation of the Gut Microbiota in Rats by Hugan Qingzhi Tablets during the Treatment of High-Fat-Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Background: Accumulative evidence showed that gut microbiota was important in regulating the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hugan Qingzhi tablet (HQT), a lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory medicinal formula, has been used to prevent and treat NAFLD. However, its mechanism of action is unknown.

Data for iTRAQ-based quantification of the effect of HuganQingzhi on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats.

The data presented in this article are related to the research article entitled "Isobarictags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) -based proteomics for the investigation of the effect of HuganQingzhi on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats" (Yao et al., 2017) [1]. This article describes the effect of HuganQingzhi on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats at the level of the proteome (HFD: control, HH: control, HH: HFD, respectively).

Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomics for the investigation of the effect of Hugan Qingzhi on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hugan Qingzhi tablet (HQT), a traditional Chinese medicine formula has been adopted for preventing and treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Aim: In order to explore the anti-NAFLD mechanisms of HQT, iTRAQ-based proteomic was employed to investigate the expression profiles of proteins in NAFLD rats induced by high-fat diet after HQT treatment.

Materials And Methods: The NAFLD rat model was administrated with high-fat diet (HFD) for 12weeks.

Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantitation (iTRAQ)-Based Proteomic Analysis of Hugan Qingzhi and Its Protective Properties against Free Fatty Acid-Induced L02 Hepatocyte Injury.

In previous research, Hugan Qingzhi, a traditional Chinese medicine, was shown to have protective effects against hepatic steatosis. However, its activity against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the mechanisms by which it exerts its effects remain unknown. In the present study, the effects of Hugan Qingzhi on free fatty acid (FFA)-induced L02 cells were examined.

[Effect of Hugan Qingzhi tablets on AMPK pathway activation and NF-κB-p65 protein expression in the liver of rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Hugan Qingzhi tablets on lipid metabolism and inflammation in rats fed on high-fat diet and explore the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely HFD group (with high-fat diet and distilled water), control group (with normal diet and distilled water), fenofibrate group (with high-fat diet and treatment with 0.1 g View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Alisol A 24-Acetate Prevents Hepatic Steatosis and Metabolic Disorders in HepG2 Cells.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with metabolic disorders including hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation. Alisol A 24-acetate, a triterpene from Alismatis rhizome, has multiple biologic activities such as hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic. Thus we hypothesized that Alisol A 24 -acetate would have effect on NAFLD.

Distribution and factors affecting adsorption of sterols in the surface sediments of Bosten Lake and Manas Lake, Xinjiang.

This study investigated the concentrations and distribution of eight sterol compounds in the surface sediments of Bosten Lake and Manas Lake, Xinjiang, China. The ratios of sterols as diagnostic indices were used to identify pollution sources. The sediment of the two lakes was selected as an adsorbent to investigate the adsorption behaviour of sterols.

Hugan Qingzhi Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects in a Rat Model of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance. The Hugan Qingzhi tablet (HQT) is a traditional Chinese medicine used for treating NAFLD (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease). The present study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of HQT in rats with NAFLD.

Characterization of the exocrine pancreas in the male Zucker diabetic fatty rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus following 3 months of treatment with sitagliptin.

Sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor-based incretin therapy intended for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has not been linked to adverse effects on the pancreas in prospective clinical trials or in nonclinical toxicology studies. To further assess potential pancreatic effects, sitagliptin was studied in the male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat model of T2DM. Following 3 months of oral dosing with vehicle, or sitagliptin at doses 3- to 19-fold above the clinically therapeutic plasma concentration, which increased active plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 levels up to approximately 3-fold, or following 3 months of oral dosing with metformin, a non-incretin-based reference T2DM treatment, the pancreas of male ZDF rats was evaluated using qualitative and quantitative histopathology techniques.

Distribution of sterols and the sources of pollution in surface sediments of Ulungur lake, Xinjiang.

Domestic sewage discharged into lakes brings great pressure to the ecological environment. This study selected sediment from an inland lake as a research object to evaluate pollution of the environment. Eight sterols were used to evaluate the content of pollutants, while the ratios of sterols were used as the index to analyze the sources of pollution.

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1 (DGAT1) inhibition perturbs postprandial gut hormone release.

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1 (DGAT1) is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of obesity and related metabolic diseases. However, the degree of DGAT1 inhibition required for metabolic benefits is unclear. Here we show that partial DGAT1 deficiency in mice suppressed postprandial triglyceridemia, led to elevations in glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) only following meals with very high lipid content, and did not protect from diet-induced obesity.

Butyrate and propionate protect against diet-induced obesity and regulate gut hormones via free fatty acid receptor 3-independent mechanisms.

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), primarily acetate, propionate, and butyrate, are metabolites formed by gut microbiota from complex dietary carbohydrates. Butyrate and acetate were reported to protect against diet-induced obesity without causing hypophagia, while propionate was shown to reduce food intake. However, the underlying mechanisms for these effects are unclear.

In vivo responsiveness to ezetimibe correlates with niemann-pick C1 like-1 (NPC1L1) binding affinity: Comparison of multiple species NPC1L1 orthologs.

Ezetimibe is the first in class 2-azetidinone that decreases plasma cholesterol by blocking intestinal cholesterol absorption. Ezetimibe effectively reduces plasma cholesterol in several species including human, monkey, dog, hamster, rat, and mouse, but the potency ranges widely. One potential factor responsible for this variation in responsiveness is diversity in ezetimibe metabolism.

Characterization of the putative native and recombinant rat sterol transporter Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 (NPC1L1) protein.

The exact mechanistic pathway of cholesterol absorption in the jejunum of the small intestines is a poorly understood process. Recently, a relatively novel gene, Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 (NPC1L1), was identified as being critical for intestinal sterol absorption in a pathway which is sensitive to sterol absorption inhibitors such as ezetimibe. NPC1L1 is a multi-transmembrane protein, with a putative sterol sensing domain.

Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 (NPC1L1) is the intestinal phytosterol and cholesterol transporter and a key modulator of whole-body cholesterol homeostasis.

Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 (NPC1L1) is a protein localized in jejunal enterocytes that is critical for intestinal cholesterol absorption. The uptake of intestinal phytosterols and cholesterol into absorptive enterocytes in the intestine is not fully defined on a molecular level, and the role of NPC1L1 in maintaining whole body cholesterol homeostasis is not known. NPC1L1 null mice had substantially reduced intestinal uptake of cholesterol and sitosterol, with dramatically reduced plasma phytosterol levels.

Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 protein is critical for intestinal cholesterol absorption.

Dietary cholesterol consumption and intestinal cholesterol absorption contribute to plasma cholesterol levels, a risk factor for coronary heart disease. The molecular mechanism of sterol uptake from the lumen of the small intestine is poorly defined. We show that Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1(NPC1L1) protein plays a critical role in the absorption of intestinal cholesterol.

The identification of intestinal scavenger receptor class B, type I (SR-BI) by expression cloning and its role in cholesterol absorption.

The molecular mechanisms of cholesterol absorption in the intestine are poorly understood. With the goal of defining candidate genes involved in these processes a fluorescence-activated cell sorter-based, retroviral-mediated expression cloning strategy has been devised. SCH354909, a fluorescent derivative of ezetimibe, a compound which blocks intestinal cholesterol absorption but whose mechanism of action is unknown, was synthesized and shown to block intestinal cholesterol absorption in rats.