A ROS-responsive loaded desferoxamine (DFO) hydrogel system for traumatic brain injury therapy.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) produces excess iron, and increased iron accumulation in the brain leads to lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROSs), which can exacerbate secondary damage and lead to disability and death. Therefore, inhibition of iron overload and oxidative stress has a significant role in the treatment of TBI. Functionalized hydrogels with iron overload inhibiting ability and of oxidative stress inhibiting ability will greatly contribute to the repair of TBI.

Recent advances in nanomedicine development for traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and it is also a risk factor for neurodegeneration. However, there has not been perceptible progress in treating acute TBI over the last few years, mainly due to the inability of therapeutic drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), failing to exert significant pharmacological effects on the brain parenchyma. Recently, nanomedicines are emerging as a powerful tool for the treatment of TBI where nanoscale materials (also called nanomaterials) are employed to deliver therapeutic agents.

Human Neural Stem Cell Secretome Inhibits Neuron Heme Uptake and Ferroptosis in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Through Nrf-2 Signaling Pathway.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common subtype of stroke with a very high mortality rate, but there is still no effective cure. Increasing evidence suggests that heme accumulation and neuronal ferroptosis play an important role in secondary injury after ICH. Neural stem cells (NSCs), as seed cells of the central nervous system, have received much attention due to their abundant paracrine product components and low immunogenicity.

Effects and mechanism of natural phenolic acids/fatty acids on copigmentation of purple sweet potato anthocyanins.

Anthocyanins are attractive alternatives to colorants; however, their low color stability hinders practical application. Copigmentation can enhance both the color intensity and color stability of complexes. Herein, we report an investigation of copigmentation reactions between purple sweet potato anthocyanins (PSA1) and phenolic acids (tannic, ferulic, and caffeic acids) or fatty acids (tartaric and malic acids) at pH 3.

Effects of organic acids on color intensification, thermodynamics, and copigmentation interactions with anthocyanins.

Anthocyanins are attractive alternatives to synthetic colorants, but their low stability impedes practical applications. Intermolecular copigmentation can enhance both color intensity and stability. Herein, the copigmentation interactions of Kyoho grape skin anthocyanins (KSA) or cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cy-G) with organic acids were investigated.

Somatostatin receptor ligands suppressed proliferation and lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.

Somatostatin and its analogues, known as somatostatin receptor ligands (SRLs), have been reported to attenuate weight gain in some clinical settings. However, their direct effects on preadipocytes are barely investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of SRLs on preadipocytes and to further explore the potential mechanisms.

Human Neural Stem Cell Secretome Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation Through Modulating Microglia Polarization by Activating Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma.

Neuroinflammation is one of the typical events in multiple neurodegenerative diseases, whereas microglia are the critical participants in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation. Several studies suggest that neural stem cells (NSCs) present immunomodulatory benefits due to their paracrine products, which contain mounting trophic factors. In the current study, the anti-inflammatory effects of NSC secretome (NSC-S) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory models were evaluated in vivo and the underlying mechanism was further investigated in vitro.

TPX2 level correlates with cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation, apoptosis, and EMT.

Purpose: The molecular signatures of cholangiocarcinoma are not well characterized. Targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2 (TPX2) has been shown to promote oncogenesis in the context of several cancers; however, its' role in cholangiocarcinoma has not been studied. We evaluated the role of TPX2 in cholangiocarcinoma.