Spectrum-effect relationship between HPLC fingerprints and antioxidant activity of Qi-Fu-Yin based on multiple statistical correlation analysis.

Introduction: Qi-Fu-Yin has been used to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD) in China. Oxidative stress has been recognized as a factor in AD progress. To date, there is no quality control method to ensure batch-to-batch consistency of Qi-Fu-Yin, and the potential antioxidant compounds in Qi-Fu-Yin remain uncertain.

The behavioral, pathological and therapeutic features of the triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease (3 × Tg-AD) mouse model strain.

As a classic animal model of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the 3 × Tg-AD mouse not only recapitulates most of anatomical hallmarks observed in AD pathology but also displays cognitive alterations in memory and learning tasks. The 3 × Tg-AD can better show the two characteristics of AD, amyloid β (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Therefore, 3 × Tg-AD strain is widely used in AD pathogenesis research and new drug development of AD.

The role of signaling crosstalk of microglia in hippocampus on progression of ageing and Alzheimer's disease.

Based on single-cell sequencing of the hippocampi of 5× familiar Alzheimer's disease (5× FAD) and wild type mice at 2-, 12-, and 24-month of age, we found an increased percentage of microglia in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice. Blood brain barrier injury may also have contributed to this increase. Immune regulation by microglia plays a major role in the progression of aging and AD, according to the functions of 41 intersecting differentially expressed genes in microglia.

Qi-fu-yin attenuated cognitive disorders in 5xFAD mice of Alzheimer's disease animal model by regulating immunity.

Introduction: Cognitive impairment is the main symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accumulating evidence implicate that immunity plays an important role in AD. Here, we investigated the effect of Qi-fu-yin (QFY) on cognitive impairment and cytokine secretion of 5xFAD mice.

Causal Relationship Between Basal Metabolic Rate and Alzheimer's Disease: A Bidirectional Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Introduction: Objective observational studies have shown that basal metabolic rate (BMR) decreases in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the causal relationship between BMR and AD has not been established. We determined the causal relationship between BMR and AD by two-way Mendelian randomization (MR) and investigated the impact of factors associated with BMR on AD.

Methods: We obtained BMR (n = 454,874) and AD from a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) database (21,982 patients with AD, 41,944 controls).

Effects of Qi-Fu-Yin on aging of APP/PS1 transgenic mice by regulating the intestinal microbiome.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and closely related to aging. Qi-Fu-Yin is widely used to treat dementia, but its anti-aging effects is unknown.

Methods: We used 11-month-old APP/PS1 transgenic mice for behavioral tests to observe the changes in cognitive function and age-related symptoms after Qi-Fu-Yin treatment.

Effects of Metformin on Modulating the Expression of Brain-related Genes of APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice based on Single Cell Sequencing.

Background: Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia, affecting millions of people worldwide.

Methods: Here, we analyzed the effects of metformin on APP/PS1 transgenic mice by behavioral test and single-cell sequencing.

Results: It showed that metformin can improve the spatial learning, memory function, and anxiety mood of APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

Identification of the molecular subgroups in Alzheimer's disease by transcriptomic data.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous pathological disease with genetic background accompanied by aging. This inconsistency is present among molecular subtypes, which has led to diagnostic ambiguity and failure in drug development. We precisely distinguished patients of AD at the transcriptome level.

The Mechanisms Underlying the Pharmacological Effects of GuiPi Decoction on Major Depressive Disorder based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.

Background And Aim: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a common affective disorder. GuiPi decoction (GPD) is used to treat depression in China, Japan, and Korea. However, its effective ingredients and antidepressant mechanisms remain unclear.

Identification of Chemical Components of Qi-Fu-Yin and Its Prototype Components and Metabolites in Rat Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid via UPLC-Q-TOF-MS.

Qi-Fu-Yin, a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been used to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD, a neurodegenerative disorder) in clinical setting. In this study, the chemical components of Qi-Fu-Yin and its prototype components and metabolites in rat plasma and cerebrospinal fluid, after oral administration, were preliminarily characterized via ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). A total of 180 compounds, including saponins, flavonoids, organic acids, sucrose esters, oligosaccharide esters, phthalides, phenylethanoid glycosides, alkaloids, xanthones, terpene lactones, ionones, and iridoid glycoside, were tentatively characterized.

LINCS Dataset-Based Repositioning of Dutasteride as an Anti-Neuroinflammation Agent.

Neuroinflammation is often accompanied by central nervous system (CNS) injury seen in various CNS diseases, with no specific treatment. Drug repurposing is a strategy of finding new uses for approved or investigational drugs, and can be enabled by the Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures (LINCS), a large drug perturbation database. In this study, the signatures of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were compared with the signatures of compounds contained in the LINCS dataset.

Proteome Profiling Identified Amyloid-β Protein Precursor as a Novel Binding Partner and Modulator of VGLUT1.

Background: The toxicity of excessive glutamate release has been implicated in various acute and chronic neurodegenerative conditions. Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) are the major mediators for the uptake of glutamate into synaptic vesicles. However, the dynamics and mechanism of this process in glutamatergic neurons are still largely unknown.

A network pharmacology-based study on key pharmacological pathways and targets of Qi Fu Yin acting on Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a central nervous system (CNS) disease characterized by progressive cognitive dysfunction and memory loss. Qi Fu Yin is mainly used to treat dementia, particularly AD, in the clinic, but its comprehensive mechanisms are not known.

Objective: In this research, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms of Qi Fu Yin in AD by network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Comparison of Donepezil, Memantine, Melatonin, and Liuwei Dihuang Decoction on Behavioral and Immune Endocrine Responses of Aged Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Resistant 1 Mice.

Aging is a natural biological process associated with cognitive decline and neuroendocrine-immune system changes; the neuroendocrine-immune system plays crucial role in brain aging and neurodegeneration, and it is essential to discern beneficial attempts to delay the aging progress based on immunological aging. In this study, we have investigated the effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)-Liuwei Dihuang decoction (LW)-and donepezil, memantine, and melatonin on cognitive decline in aging mice. The aged SAMR1 mice received oral administration of donepezil (1mg/kg), memantine (10 mg/kg), melatonin (10 mg/kg), and LW (10 g/kg) for 3 months.

LW-AFC, a new formula from the traditional Chinese medicine Liuwei Dihuang decoction, as a promising therapy for Alzheimer's disease: Pharmacological effects and mechanisms.

LW-AFC is a new formula derived from the Liuwei Dihuang decoction, a classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription. Based on our research, LW-AFC is a promising drug for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The studies were conducted primarily in two typical AD mouse models: SAMP8 and APP/PS1 mice.

Active Fraction Combination from Liuwei Dihuang Decoction (LW-AFC) Alleviated the LPS-Induced Long-Term Potentiation Impairment and Glial Cells Activation in Hippocampus of Mice by Modulating Immune Responses.

Neuroinflammation is known as a typical feature associated with many neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and impairs the synaptic plasticity of the hippocampus. LW-AFC is an active fraction combination being extracted from Liuwei Dihuang decoction, a classic traditional Chinese medicine prescription. This study aimed to investigate the effects of LW-AFC on synaptic plasticity in mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment.

CA-30, an oligosaccharide fraction derived from Liuwei Dihuang decoction, ameliorates cognitive deterioration via the intestinal microbiome in the senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 strain.

Mounting evidence points to alterations in the gut microbiota-neuroendocrine immunomodulation (NIM) network that might drive Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology. In previous studies, we found that Liuwei Dihuang decoction (LW) had beneficial effects on the cognitive impairments and gastrointestinal microbiota dysbiosis in an AD mouse model. In particular, CA-30 is an oligosaccharide fraction derived from LW.

A combination of indomethacin and atorvastatin ameliorates cognitive and pathological deterioration in PrP-hAβPPswe/PS1 transgenic mice.

Mounting evidence has shown that inflammation might drive Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and contribute to its exacerbation. Previous studies have indicated that indomethacin or atorvastatin are beneficial in treating AD; however, no significant clinical effects have been shown. Furthermore, no study has investigated the efficacy of combining these agents for treating AD.

Characteristics of the traditional Liu-Wei-Di-Huang prescription reassessed in modern pharmacology.

Liu-Wei-Di-Huang (LW) is a Yin nourishing and kidney tonifying prescription in traditional Chinese medicine with promising pharmacological characteristics that can be further exploited and developed in modern medicine. We provide a comprehensive and detailed literature report on the clinical and experimental pharmacology of LW, including its quality control parameters, phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology. Our literature review indicates that the LW prescription possesses a unique combination of pharmacological characteristics that can be safely used for treating very different diseases.

Knowledge-Based Neuroendocrine Immunomodulation (NIM) Molecular Network Construction and Its Application.

Growing evidence shows that the neuroendocrine immunomodulation (NIM) network plays an important role in maintaining and modulating body function and the homeostasis of the internal environment. The disequilibrium of NIM in the body is closely associated with many diseases. In the present study, we first collected a core dataset of NIM signaling molecules based on our knowledge and obtained 611 NIM signaling molecules.

The Effects of LW-AFC on the Hippocampal Transcriptome in Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Prone 8 Strain, a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

The senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) strain is considered a robust experimental model for developing preventative and therapeutic treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease which cannot be effectively prevented, halted, or cured. Our previous studies showed that LW-AFC, a new formula derived from the classical traditional Chinese medicinal prescription Liuwei Dihuang decoction, ameliorates cognitive deterioration in PrP-hAβPPswe/PS1ΔE9 transgenic mice and SAMP8 mice. This study aims to investigate the mechanism that mediates how LW-AFC improves cognitive deficit on the basis of the transcriptome.

LW-AFC Effects on -glycan Profile in Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Prone 8 Strain, a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Glycosylation is one of the most common eukaryotic post-translational modifications, and aberrant glycosylation has been linked to many diseases. However, glycosylation and glycome analysis is a significantly challenging task. Although several lines of evidence have indicated that protein glycosylation is defective in Alzheimer's disease (AD), only a few studies have focused on AD glycomics.

LW-AFC, a new formula derived from Liuwei Dihuang decoction, ameliorates behavioral and pathological deterioration via modulating the neuroendocrine-immune system in PrP-hAβPPswe/PS1 transgenic mice.

Background: Accumulating evidence implicates the neuroendocrine immunomodulation (NIM) network in the physiopathological mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Notably, we previously revealed that the NIM network is dysregulated in the PrP-hAβPPswe/PS1 (APP/PS1) transgenic mouse model of AD.

Methods: After treatment with a novel Liuwei Dihuang formula (LW-AFC), mice were cognitively evaluated in behavioral experiments.

The Effects of LW-AFC on Intestinal Microbiome in Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Prone 8 Strain, a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Microbes have deserved broader attention as causal factors in Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder. The senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) strain, a spontaneous mice of accelerated aging, are considered a robust model for sporadic AD. LW-AFC, an herbal medicine, was prepared from LiuweiDihuang decoction, which is a classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription.