Globular adiponectin induces esophageal adenocarcinoma cell pyroptosis via the miR-378a-3p/UHRF1 axis.

Background: Antiapoptosis is a major factor in the resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Thus, activation of cell pyroptosis may be an effective option to deal with antiapoptotic cancers such as esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC).

Methods: Differential expression of ubiquitin-like versus PHD and ring finger structural domain 1 (UHRF1) in EAC and near normal tissues was analyzed, as well as the prognostic impact on survival in EAC.

Identifying TAD-like domains on single-cell Hi-C data by graph embedding and changepoint detection.

Motivation: Topologically associating domains (TADs) are fundamental building blocks of 3D genome. TAD-like domains in single cells are regarded as the underlying genesis of TADs discovered in bulk cells. Understanding the organization of TAD-like domains helps to get deeper insights into their regulatory functions.

scHiCPTR: unsupervised pseudotime inference through dual graph refinement for single-cell Hi-C data.

Motivation: The emerging single-cell Hi-C technology provides opportunities to study dynamics of chromosomal organization. How to construct a pseudotime path using single-cell Hi-C contact matrices to order cells along developmental trajectory is a challenging topic, since these matrices produced by the technology are inherently high dimensional and sparse, they suffer from noises and biases, and the topology of trajectory underlying them may be diverse.

Results: We present scHiCPTR, an unsupervised graph-based pipeline to infer pseudotime from single-cell Hi-C contact matrices.

Phototheranostics for multifunctional treatment of cancer with fluorescence imaging.

Phototheranostics stem from the recent advances in nanomedicines and bioimaging to diagnose and treat human diseases. Since tumors' diversity, heterogeneity, and instability limit the clinical application of traditional diagnostics and therapeutics, phototheranostics, which combine light-induced therapeutic and diagnostic modalities in a single platform, have been widely investigated. Numerous efforts have been made to develop phototheranostics for efficient light-induced antitumor therapeutics with minimal side effects.

Influence of land use changes on the remaining available aquifer storage (RAAS): A case study of the Taoerhe alluvial-proluvial fan.

Groundwater resources are important water sources for people living in arid-semiarid China. To solve the problem of continuously declining groundwater levels, groundwater artificial recharge has been widely conducted by using available aquifers. However, the effects of land use changes on the available aquifer storage, especially on the remaining available aquifer storage (RAAS), have not been fully explored.

Image-guided drug delivery of nanotheranostics for targeted lung cancer therapy.

Enormous efforts have been made to integrate various therapeutic interventions into multifunctional nanoplatforms, resulting in the advance of nanomedicine. Image-guided drug delivery plays a pivotal role in this field by providing specific targeting as well as image navigation for disease prognosis. We demonstrate image-guided surgery and drug delivery for the treatment of lung cancer using nanotheranostic H-dots loaded with gefitinib and genistein.

Tumor-Associated Immune-Cell-Mediated Tumor-Targeting Mechanism with NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging.

The strategy of structure-inherent tumor targeting (SITT) with cyanine-based fluorophores is receiving more attention because no chemical conjugation of targeting moieties is required. However, the targeting mechanism behind SITT has not yet been well explained. Here, it is demonstrated that heptamethine-cyanine-based fluorophores possess not only targetability of tumor microenvironments without the need for additional targeting ligands but also second near-infrared spectral window (NIR-II) imaging capabilities, i.

Prognostic Characteristics of Patients With Colorectal Cancer Who Have Benign Mesenteric Lymph Node Enlargement: A Multi-institutional Cohort Study.

Background: The characteristics of patients with colorectal cancer who have benign mesenteric lymph node enlargement are not well documented.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the clinical and prognostic significance of benign mesenteric lymph node enlargement in patients with colorectal cancer.

Design: This is a prospective cohort study.

Concordance between treatment recommendations provided by IBM Watson for Oncology and a multidisciplinary tumor board for breast cancer in China.

Objective: Watson for Oncology (WFO), an artificial intelligence from IBM Corporation, can provide a treatment plan by analyzing patient's disease characteristics. The present study was performed to examine the concordance between treatment recommendations proposed by WFO and the multidisciplinary tumor board at our center. The aim was to explore the feasibility of using WFO for breast cancer cases in China and to ascertain the ways to make WFO more suitable for Chinese patients with breast cancer.

High mobility group box 1 promotes radioresistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines by modulating autophagy.

Resistance to radiotherapy results in relapse and treatment failure in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is reported to be associated with the radioresistance in bladder and breast cancer. However, the role of HMGB1 in the radiotherapy response in ESCC has not been fully elucidated.

miR-103 promotes the metastasis and EMT of hepatocellular carcinoma by directly inhibiting LATS2.

Improving the long‑term survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a challenge due to metastasis and recurrence. In this study, we demonstrate that the overexpression of miR‑103 in HCC cells promotes epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT), and is associated with an enhanced metastasis and poor outcomes, as shown by western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Mechanistically, using reporter luciferase assay we reveal that the serine/threonine‑protein kinase, large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2), a key component of the Hippo signaling pathway, is a direct target of miR‑103 in HCC cells.

MicroRNA-1179 suppresses cell growth and invasion by targeting sperm-associated antigen 5-mediated Akt signaling in human non-small cell lung cancer.

Accumulating evidence has identified microRNA-1179 (miR-1179) as a novel cancer-related miRNA that is dysregulated in multiple cancers and plays an important role in regulating cancer development and progression. However, little is known about the role of miR-1179 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Thus, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential biological function and regulatory mechanism of miR-1179 in NSCLC.

Quercetin suppresses the mobility of breast cancer by suppressing glycolysis through Akt-mTOR pathway mediated autophagy induction.

Tumor metastasis is the primary factor causing death of cancer patients and it is a study emphasis in cancer treatment to suppress tumor metastasis by inhibiting glycolysis, which is the main way of energy supply for cell mobility in tumor. In the present study, we aimed to explore the effect of quercetin, a bioactive flavonoid, on tumor metastasis and cell glycolysis and its related functionary mechanism in breast cancer progression. Firstly, trans-well invasion assay and wound healing assay indicated that quercetin effectively suppressed cell mobility.

MiR-195 suppresses the metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting YAP.

MiR-195, a novel cancer-related microRNA, was previously reported to play an important role in many malignancies. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-195 mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as well as the underlying mechanisms. Our result demonstrated that miR-195 were significantly down regulated in HCC and its decreased expression is associated with poor clinical features of HCC patients.

Diallyl disulfide inhibits the metastasis of type Ⅱ esophageal‑gastric junction adenocarcinoma cells via NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in vitro.

Esophageal-gastric junction adenocarcinoma (AEG) is an aggressive tumor with high incidence and dismal prognosis worldwide. Despite significant advances in therapeutic strategies, the 5-year survival rate still remains low. Diallyl disulfide (DADS), which is one of the major volatile components isolated from garlic, has been shown to have multi-targeted antitumor activities in a variety of cancer cells.

Potential rat model of anxiety-like gastric hypersensitivity induced by sequential stress.

Aim: To establish a rat model of anxiety-like gastric hypersensitivity (GHS) of functional dyspepsia (FD) induced by novel sequential stress.

Methods: Animal pups were divided into two groups from postnatal day 2: controls and the sequential-stress-treated. The sequential-stress-treated group received maternal separation and acute gastric irritation early in life and restraint stress in adulthood; controls were reared undisturbed with their mothers.

Globular adiponectin inhibits leptin-stimulated esophageal adenocarcinoma cell proliferation via adiponectin receptor 2-mediated suppression of UHRF1.

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world which is associated the increased prevalence of obesity. In the context of obesity, leptin can directly contribute to progression of EAC. Adiponectin inhibits leptin-induced oncogenic signaling in EAC cells.

Diallyl Disulfide Suppresses the Inflammation and Apoptosis Resistance Induced by DCA Through ROS and the NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Human Barrett's Epithelial Cells.

Barrett's esophagus (BE) is generally accepted as the only precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Deoxycholic acid (DCA)-induced inflammation and apoptotic resistance play an important role in the carcinogenesis and progression from BE to EAC. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a garlic-derived natural organosulfur compound.

Interleukin-17A promotes esophageal adenocarcinoma cell invasiveness through ROS-dependent, NF-κB-mediated MMP-2/9 activation.

Interleukin-17A (IL-17A), a pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted primarily by Th17 cells, has been proved to be involved in the microenvironment of certain inflammation-related tumors. However, the role of IL-17A in cancer development has always been controversial. In this study, we investigated the effect of IL-17A on the regulation of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) cell invasiveness and related molecular mechanism.

Up-Regulation of Plasma miR-23b is Associated with Poor Prognosis of Gastric Cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant disease and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play important roles in GC tumorigenesis. As the clinical outcome of GC is closely correlated with the clinical stage at the time of diagnosis, early detection and prevention are crucial. This study was designed to evaluate the expression level of plasma miR-23b in patients with GC and investigate the relationship between plasma miR-23b expression level and the prognosis of GC.

Diallyl disulfide induces G2/M arrest and promotes apoptosis through the p53/p21 and MEK-ERK pathways in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive tumor with high incidence and mortality worldwide. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a natural organosulfur compound, isolated from garlic. In this study, MTT assay showed that DADS significantly reduced cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner in ESCC cells, with lower toxicity in normal liver cells.

DADS suppresses human esophageal xenograft tumors through RAF/MEK/ERK and mitochondria-dependent pathways.

Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a natural organosulfur compound isolated from garlic. DADS has various biological properties, including anticancer, antiangiogenic, and antioxidant effects. However, the anticancer mechanisms of DADS in human esophageal carcinoma have not been elucidated, especially in vivo.

Inhibition of urokinase-type plasminogen activator expression by dihydroartemisinin in breast cancer cells.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on the primary tumor growth and metastasis of the human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, . The expression levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) were detected by immunocytochemistry in two cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The MDA-MB-231 cell activity was inhibited by various concentration gradients of DHA.

Apoptotic pathway induced by diallyl trisulfide in pancreatic cancer cells.

Aim: To investigate the effects of diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a garlic-derived organosulfur compound, in pancreatic cancer cells.

Methods: Human pancreatic cancer cells with wild-type p53 gene (Capan-2) and normal pancreatic epithelial cells (H6C7) were cultured in RPMI1640. DATS was prepared at a concentration of 100 μmol/L.