Seasonal changes of species- and guild-based benthic diatom communities in the transitional water zone of the Yellow River Delta.

Benthic diatoms serve as exemplary indicators for the assessment of ecological conditions in freshwater ecosystems. However, an approach to assessing and managing transitional water zones by benthic diatoms is relatively less. This study entailed a detailed analysis and comparison of the seasonal dynamics in species- and guild-based benthic diatom communities and their driving factors in a small-scale transitional water zone of the Yellow River Delta.

Influence of organoboron cross-linker and reservoir characteristics on filtration and reservoir residual of guar gum fracturing fluid in low-permeability shale gas reservoirs.

To effectively reduce the filtration rate of water-based fracturing fluid and promote the pressure holding effect of fracturing fluid in underground unconventional reservoirs, an efficient and clean organic-boron cross-linker was synthesized with boric acid and low alcohols. The results obtained that the synthesized organoboron cross-linker exhibits better fluid loss performance to water-based fracturing fluid than the commercially available cross-linker. This organoboron cross-linker allowed decreasing filtration coefficient more than 0.