Microstructure and Hardness of Nickel-Based Coatings Prepared by Laser Additive Manufacturing on Water-Cooled Substrate: An Experimental and Numerical Study.

The excess heat generated during the laser additive manufacturing process is prone to cause coating defects; a water-cooled substrate can effectively remove the excess heat and improve the hardness of the coating. In this study, the effects of water-cooled substrate on the microstructure and hardness of laser additive manufactured nickel-based coatings were investigated by experimental and numerical simulations. The results showed that the water-cooled substrate decreased the size of columnar crystals and increased the number as well as the length of secondary dendrite crystals at the bottom of the nickel-based coatings.

Field-road classification for agricultural vehicles in China based on pre-trained visual model.

Field-road classification that automatically identifies the activity (either in-field or on-road) of each point in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) trajectories is a critical process in the behavior analysis of agricultural vehicles. To capture movement patterns specific to agricultural operations, we propose a multi-view field-road classification method, which extracts a physical and a visual feature vector to represent a trajectory point. We propose a task-specific approach using a pre-trained visual model to effectively extract visual features.

Shape Effect of Polymer-Based Multilayer Microcapsules on Cellular Internalization.

The intracellular fate of drug carriers had received extensive attention, which was profoundly influenced by the shapes of carriers. However, it has not been fully addressed due to the lack of effective strategies to prepare carriers with different shapes and the interference of other parameters (such as stiffness and chemistry of the shaped particle and the different cell lines). In this work, polymer-based microcapsules with different shapes (spherical, peanut, dumbbell, and cubic) but the same surface chemistry were engineered through the alternative deposition of polyethylenimine (PEI) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) onto the sacrificial CaCO templates with different well-defined shapes.

Giant magneto-optical Kerr effects governed by the quasi-bound states in the continuum.

The magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE), as one of the magneto-optical effects, exhibits polarization change upon reflection that can be used to explore the internal information of magnetic materials with broad applications in modern information technology. However, typically, MOKE is quite weak due to the lower magneto-optical interaction. To tremendously enhance the MOKE, quasi-bound states in the continuum in a one-dimensional Ce- doped YFeO (CeYIG) film photonic crystal slabs (PCS) are proposed to improve the magneto-optical interaction in this work.

Optimisation of synergistic ventilation between dust and gas in a gas tunnel.

In view of the difficult problem of gas and dust exceeding the limit during the digging process of a gas tunnel in Guizhou Province, Southwest China, the CFD numerical simulation method was applied to study the gas tunnel airflow, dust and gas transport law during the digging process. A physical simulation experimental platform was established to verify the numerical simulation results, and research was carried out in terms of gas-containing gas-carrying dust disaster prevention and control, and ventilation optimization was carried out for this gas tunnel. The results showed that the maximum gas concentration in the tunnel face under press-in ventilation could be about 1%, and the local dust concentration can be up to 900 mg/m.

Exosomal circ-0100519 promotes breast cancer progression via inducing M2 macrophage polarisation by USP7/NRF2 axis.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumours that threatens women health worldwide. It has been reported that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an important role in regulating tumour progression and tumour microenvironment (TME) remodelling.

Methods: Differentially expression characteristics and immune correlations of circRNAs in BC were verified using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic analysis.

Enhanced MALDI-2 Sensitivity with Reflecting Post-Ionization Laser for High-Resolution MS Imaging Combined with Real-Time Microscope Imaging.

Laser-induced matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization post-ionization (MALDI-2) could improve the MALDI sensitivity of biological metabolites by over 1 order of magnitude. Herein, we demonstrate that MALDI-2 sensitivity can be further enhanced with reflecting post-ionization laser that multiplies the intersection times between laser and MALDI plume. This method, which we named MALDI-2+, typically brought over 2 times sensitivity improvement from conventional MALDI-2.

[Effects of inhibitors of DNA repair enzymes OGG1 and MTH1 on the replication of African swine fever virus].

African swine fever virus (ASFV), as a contagious viral pathogen, is responsible for the occurrence of African swine fever (ASF), a rapidly spreading and highly lethal disease. Since ASFV was introduced into China in 2018, it has been quickly spread to many provinces, which brought great challenges to the pig industry in China. Due to the limited knowledge about the pathogenesis of ASFV, neither vaccines nor antiviral drugs are available.

Efficient Orbitronic Terahertz Emission Based on CoPt Alloy.

Orbitronic devices operate by manipulating orbitally polarized currents. Recent studies have shown that these orbital currents can be excited by femtosecond laser pulses in a ferromagnet such as Ni and converted into ultrafast charge currents via orbital-to-charge conversion. However, the terahertz emission from orbitronic terahertz emitters based on Ni is still much weaker than that of the typical spintronic terahertz emitter.

Design and optimization of heat pump with infrared drying for (Licorice) processing.

A new dryer, integrating infrared and heat pump drying technologies, was designed to enhance licorice processing standardization, aiming at improved drying efficiency and product quality. Numerical simulation using COMSOL software validated the air distribution model through prototype data comparison. To address uneven air distribution, a spoiler was strategically placed based on CFD simulation to optimize its size and position using the velocity deviation ratio and non-uniformity coefficient as indices.

Ultrasound induced grain refinement of crystallization in evaporative saline droplets.

We investigate the effect of ultrasound on the evaporation and crystallization of sessile NaCl solution droplets which were positioned in traveling or standing wave ultrasound field. The experimental results indicated that the ultrasound field can significantly accelerate the evaporation rate of the sessile droplets and refine the crystal grains. By adjusting the distance between the sessile droplets and the ultrasound emitter, it is found that, in traveling wave ultrasound field, the sessile droplet evaporation time and the time for the appearance of NaCl grains exhibited a fluctuating increase as the droplet-emitter distance increased.

Comprehensive prognostic and immunological analysis of Cullin2 in pan-cancer and its identification in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: As a member of the Cullin family, Cullin2 (CUL2) is involved in the development and spread of different types of cancers. However, the precise role of CUL2 in human cancer remains largely elusive.

Methods: In this study, various databases were applied to observe the CUL2 expression.

Safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis before mechanical thrombectomy in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Background: Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) before endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is the standard treatment for patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO). However, the efficacy and safety of IVT before EVT in AIS-LVO patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains controversial. Thus, this study aims to assess the benefit of IVT plus EVT and direct EVT alone in AIS-LVO patients with AF.

Aza-Prilezhaev Aziridination-Enabled Multidimensional Analysis of Isomeric Lipids via High-Resolution U-Shaped Mobility Analyzer-Mass Spectrometry.

Unsaturated lipids constitute a significant portion of the lipidome, serving as players of multifaceted functions involving cellular signaling, membrane structure, and bioenergetics. While derivatization-assisted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) remains the gold standard technique in lipidome, it mainly faces challenges in efficiently labeling the carbon-carbon double bond (C═C) and differentiating isomeric lipids in full dimension. This presents a need for new orthogonal methodologies.

Resource utilization of stone waste and loess to prepare grouting materials.

Loess, a terrestrial clastic sediment, is formed essentially by the accumulation of wind-blown dust, while stone waste (SW) is an industrial waste produced during stone machining. Utilising loess and SW to prepare environmentally-friendly supplementary cementitious materials can not only address environmental issues caused by solid waste landfills but also meet the demand of reinforcement of coal-seam floor aquifer for grouting materials. In this paper, the effects of the loess/SW mass ratio and calcination temperature on the transformation of calcined products are investigated and their pozzolanic activities are evaluated.

Intelligent mine safety risk based on knowledge graph: hotspots and frontiers.

The safety of mining has always been a concern. The occurrence of safety accidents not only endangers human health, but also causes serious damage to the ecological environment. With the continuous upgrade and improvement of mining technology, most mines are undergoing intelligent construction and transformation.

Vitamin D-mediated tsRNA-07804 triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and suppresses non-small cell lung cancer progression by targeting CRKL.

Objective: tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are novel non-coding RNAs with various functions in multiple cancers. Nevertheless, whether vitamin D executes its function in mitochondrial dysfunction and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression through tsRNAs remains obscure.

Methods: Differentially expressed tsRNAs between control and vitamin D-treated H1299 cells were acquired by small RNA sequencing.

Intramolecular Ring-Chain Equilibrium Elimination Strategy for Pinpointing C═C Positional and Geometric Isomers of -Alkylpyridinium Unsaturated Fatty Acid Derivatives via Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry.

Free unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) are key intermediates of lipid metabolism and participate in many metabolic pathways with specific biological functions. Although various fragmentation-based methods for pinpointing C═C locations in UFA were developed, the current mass spectrometry methods are difficult to simultaneously differentiate geometric isomers and positional isomers in trace samples due to low ionization efficiency, low conversion, and low resolution. Herein, an intramolecular ring-chain equilibrium elimination strategy via 4-plex stable isotope labeling dual derivatization-assisted ion mobility-mass spectrometry was developed, thereby one-pot specifically labeling C═C and carboxyl groups among the trace and unstable UFA with high sensitivity, high efficiency, and good substrate generality.

Promotion effect of FOXCUT as a microRNA sponge for miR-24-3p on progression in triple-negative breast cancer through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of highly invasive breast cancer with a poor prognosis. According to new research, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant role in the progression of cancer. Although the role of lncRNAs in breast cancer has been well reported, few studies have focused on TNBC.

Injury severity analysis of single-vehicle and two-vehicle crashes with electric scooters: A random parameters approach with heterogeneity in means and variances.

In recent years, the electric scooter has become one of the most popular means of transportation on short trips. Due to the lag in the formulation of transportation policies and regulations, coupled with the increasing number of electric scooter crashes, there has been growing concern about the safety of pedestrians and electric scooter riders. For the first time in the extant literature, this study aims to analyze injury severity of electric scooter crashes by unobserved heterogeneity modeling approaches.

Comprehensive evaluation of cell death-related genes as novel diagnostic biomarkers for breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer (BRCA) ranks first among cancers in terms of incidence and mortality rates in women, primarily owing to metastasis, chemo-resistance, and heterogeneity. To predict long-term prognosis and design novel therapies for BRCA, more sensitive markers need to be explored.

Methods: Data from 1089 BRCA patients were downloaded from TCGA database.

Crosstalk of RNA methylation writers defines tumor microenvironment and alisertib resistance in breast cancer.

Background: The five major RNA methylation modifications (m6A, m1A, m6Am, m5C, and m7G) exert biological roles in tumorigenicity and immune response, mediated mainly by "writer" enzymes. Here, the prognostic values of the "writer" enzymes and the TCP1 role in drug resistance in breast cancer (BC) were explored for further therapeutic strategies.

Methods: We comprehensively characterized clinical, molecular, and genetic features of subtypes by consensus clustering.