TRPV2 calcium channel promotes breast cancer progression potential by activating autophagy.

Breast cancer, the most prevalent and aggressive tumor affecting women, requires identification of disease determinants to facilitate the development of effective therapeutic strategies. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2), an ion channel highly permeable for calcium (Ca), is implicated in physiological and pathological processes. Nevertheless, the role of TRPV2 in breast cancer remains poorly elucidated.

Targeting the tyrosine kinase Src in endothelium attenuates inflammation and atherogenesis induced by disturbed flow.

Background And Purpose: Previous studies have shown that Src can regulate inflammation and tumour progression. However, the mechanisms by which Src regulates the inflammatory response of vascular endothelium and atherogenesis are currently poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of Src in endothelial inflammation and atherogenesis, as well as the underlying mechanisms.

The role and mechanism of 5-HTDRN-BNST neural circuit in anxiety and fear lesions.

Central 5-hydroxytryptaminergic dorsal raphe nucleus (5-HTDRN)-bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST) neural circuit dysfunction is one of the important neurobiological basis of anxiety and fear disorders. Under stress, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) neurons act on BNST receptors to attenuate anxiety and fear responses or enhance anxiety and fear. In BNST, corticotropin releasing factor neurons play a role in regulating emotions by reversely regulating excitatory or inhibitory 5-HT neurons.

Alignment error modeling and control of a double-sided microlens array during precision glass molding.

Double-sided microlens arrays (DSMLAs) include combinations of two single-sided MLAs to overcome positioning errors and greatly improve light transmissivity compared to other types of lenses. Precision glass molding (PGM) is used to fabricate DSMLAs, but controlling alignment errors during this process is challenging. In this paper, a mold assembly was manufactured with a novel combination of materials to improve the alignment accuracy of mold cores during PGM by using the nonlinear thermal expansion characteristics of the various materials to improve the DSMLA alignment accuracy.

Using an ER-specific optogenetic mechanostimulator to understand the mechanosensitivity of the endoplasmic reticulum.

The ability of cells to perceive and respond to mechanical cues is essential for numerous biological activities. Emerging evidence indicates important contributions of organelles to cellular mechanosensitivity and mechanotransduction. However, whether and how the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) senses and reacts to mechanical forces remains elusive.

Electroacupuncture of scalp acupoint alleviates cerebral ischemic inflammatory injury by down-regulating RORγt and promoting balance of IL-17ATh17/FOXP3Treg in MCAO rats.

Objectives: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of scalp acupoint (Dingnieqian-xiexian, MS6) on expression of retinoid-related orphan receptor γT (ROR γ t), interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-10, transfor-ming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), IL-6, IL-21, and IL-17A Thelper cells(Th) 17 and forkhead transcription factor P3 (FOXP3) regulatory T cells (Treg) differentiation of ischemic cortex in ischemic stroke rats, so as to explore its molecular mechanisms underlying relief of inflammatory injury of ischemic stroke.

Methods: A total of 120 male SD rats were randomly assigned to sham operation, model, EA, inhibitor, agonist and EA+agonist groups, with 15 rats in each group. The ischemic stroke model was established by occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery according to Longa's methods.

Neural correlates of willingness to pay for items: A meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies.

Willingness to pay (WTP) pervades every marketplace transaction, therefore, understanding how the brain makes bidding decisions is essential in consumer neuroscience. Although some neuroimaging studies have investigated the neural networks of WTP, systematic understanding remains limited. This study identified reliable neural networks activated by the WTP across different reward types and assessed common and distinct neural networks for different reward types (food and other) bids.

Endothelial cell Orai1 is essential for endothelium-dependent contraction of mouse carotid arteries in normotensive and hypertensive mice.

Endothelium-dependent contraction (EDC) exists in blood vessels of normotensive animals, but is exaggerated in hypertension. An early signal in EDC is cytosolic Ca rise in endothelial cells. In this study we investigated the functional role of Orai1, a major endothelial cell Ca entry channel, in EDC.

A Novel Probiotic-Based Oral Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant B.1.1.529.

COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is still affecting the entire world via the rapid emergence of new contagious variants. Vaccination remains the most effective prevention strategy for viral infection, yet not all countries have sufficient access to vaccines due to limitations in manufacturing and transportation. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop an easy-to-use, safe, and low-cost vaccination approach.

Precise Modulation of Intramolecular Aggregation-induced Electrochemiluminescence by Tetraphenylethylene-based Supramolecular Architectures.

The precisely modulated synthesis of programmable light-emitting materials remains a challenge. To address this challenge, we construct four tetraphenylethylene-based supramolecular architectures (SA, SB, SC, and SD), revealing that they exhibit higher electrochemiluminescence (ECL) intensities and efficiencies than the tetraphenylethylene monomer and can be classified as highly efficient and precisely modulated intramolecular aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence (PI-AIECL) systems. The best-performing system (SD) shows a high ECL cathodic efficiency exceeding that of the benchmark tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chloride in aqueous solution by nearly six-fold.

Identification of GRIN2D as a novel therapeutic target in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease with a dismal prognosis, and despite significant advances in our understanding of its genetic drivers, like KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A, and SMAD4, effective therapies remain limited. Here, we identified a new therapeutic target GRIN2D and then explored its functions and mechanisms in PDAC progression.

Methods: We performed a genome-wide RNAi screen in a PDAC xenograft model and identified GRIN2D, which encodes the GluN2D subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), as a potential oncogene.

Fusaric acid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis through triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer has replaced lung cancer to be the leading cancer in the world. Currently, chemotherapy is still the major method for breast cancer therapy, but its overall effect remains unsatisfactory. Fusaric acid (FSA), a mycotoxin derived from fusarium species, has shown potency against the proliferation of several types of cancer cells, but its effect on breast cancer cells has not been examined.

TRPA1 promotes the maturation of embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes by regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics.

Background: Cardiomyocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSC-CMs) have been widely accepted as a promising cell source for cardiac drug screening and heart regeneration therapies. However, unlike adult cardiomyocytes, the underdeveloped structure, the immature electrophysiological properties and metabolic phenotype of PSC-CMs limit their application. This project aimed to study the role of the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel in regulating the maturation of embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (ESC-CMs).

Thioridazine protects against disturbed flow-induced atherosclerosis by inhibiting RhoA/YAP-mediated endothelial inflammation.

Atherosclerotic diseases remain the leading cause of adult mortality and impose heavy burdens on health systems globally. Our previous study found that disturbed flow enhanced YAP activity to provoke endothelial activation and atherosclerosis, and targeting YAP alleviated endothelial inflammation and atherogenesis. Therefore, we established a luciferase reporter assay-based drug screening platform to seek out new YAP inhibitors for anti-atherosclerotic treatment.

TRP Channels in Oxidative Stress Signalling.

It is well established that the accumulation of high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), due to excessive generation of ROS and/or impaired antioxidant capacity of cells, can result in oxidative stress and cause oxidative damage to cells and their functions [...

In Situ-Generated Cu Catalytic System for Oxidative N-Formylation of N-Heterocycles and Acyclic Amines with Methanol.

The development of a sustainable and simple catalytic system for N-formylation of N-heterocycles with methanol by direct coupling remains a challenge, owing to many competing side reactions, given the sensitivity of N-heterocycles to many catalytic oxidation or dehydrogenation systems. This work concerns the development of an in situ-generated Cu catalytic system for oxidative N-formylation of N-heterocycles with methanol that is based on the case study of a more typical 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline as substrate. Aside from N-heterocycles, some acyclic amines are also transformed into the corresponding N-formamides in moderate yields.

TM9SF4 is an F-actin disassembly factor that promotes tumor progression and metastasis.

F-actin dynamics is crucial for many fundamental properties of cancer cells, from cell-substrate adhesion to migration, invasion and metastasis. However, the regulatory mechanisms of actin dynamics are still incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrate the function of a protein named TM9SF4 in regulating actin dynamics and controlling cancer cell motility and metastasis.

Endogenous ion channels expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells.

Mammalian expression systems, particularly the human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells, combined with electrophysiological studies, have greatly benefited our understanding of the function, characteristic, and regulation of various ion channels. It was previously assumed that the existence of endogenous ion channels in native HEK-293 cells could be negligible. Still, more and more ion channels are gradually reported in native HEK-293 cells, which should draw our attention.

TM9SF4 Is a Crucial Regulator of Inflammation and ER Stress in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background & Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a major intestinal disease. Excessive inflammation and increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are the key events in the development of IBD. Search of a genome-wide association study database identified a remarkable correlation between a TM9SF4 single-nucleotide polymorphism and IBD.

Development and validation of MRI-based radiomics signatures models for prediction of disease-free survival and overall survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: To develop and validate an optimal model based on the 1-mm-isotropic-3D contrast-enhanced StarVIBE MRI sequence combined with clinical risk factors for predicting survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: Patients with ESCC at our institution from 2015 to 2017 participated in this retrospective study based on prospectively acquired data, and were randomly assigned to training and validation groups at a ratio of 7:3. Random survival forest (RSF) and variable hunting methods were used to screen for radiomics features and LASSO-Cox regression analysis was used to build three models, including clinical only, radiomics only and combined clinical and radiomics models, which were evaluated by concordance index (CI) and calibration curve.

Identification of TRPM2 as a Marker Associated With Prognosis and Immune Infiltration in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma.

TRPM2 (transient receptor potential melastatin-2), a Ca permeable, non-selective cation channel, is highly expressed in cancers and regulates tumor cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. However, no study has yet demonstrated the association of TRPM2 with the prognosis of cancer patients or tumor immune infiltration, and the possibility and the clinical basis of TRPM2 as a prognostic marker in cancers are yet unknown. In the current study, we first explored the correlation between the mRNA level of and the prognosis of patients with different cancers across public databases.