Virulence phenotype alteration impacts nosocomial pathogen persistence on inanimate surfaces in hospital settings.

The hospital setting serves as a critical conduit for pathogen dissemination, particularly amid the escalating concern of nosocomial infections in China. Currently, most studies use metagenomics to investigate microbial communities in hospital settings, with less focus on the transmission strategies of individual bacteria. In our study, we identified two Klebsiella pneumoniae strains exhibiting different mucoid characteristics.

Decoding historical and emerging environmental concerns of C chlorinated paraffins: Insights from marine sediment cores in the Pearl River Estuary.

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) readily deposit in sediments upon entering estuaries and adjacent seas. Time-series investigations are indispensable for the long-term monitoring of historical releases and identifying CPs of emerging concerns in the marine environment. In this study, short-, medium-, and long-chain CPs (SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs) were investigated using time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometry (ToF-HRMS) in sediment cores, dated between the 1920s and the 2010s sampled from Hong Kong waters and Lingdingyang of the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), South China.

Role of interleukin-18 in mediating the impacts of celiac disease on osteoporosis: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Extensive observational data suggest a link between celiac disease (CeD) and osteoporosis, but the causality and mediating mechanism remain undetermined. Herein, we performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to address these concerns.

Methods: We obtained the summary-level statistics for CeD from a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) comprising 4,533 cases and 10,750 controls of European ancestry.

Dynamically visualizing profibrotic maladaptive repair after acute kidney injury by fibroblast activation protein imaging.

A major challenge in prevention and early treatment of organ fibrosis is the lack of valuable tools to assess the evolving profibrotic maladaptive repair after injury in vivo in a non-invasive way. Here, using acute kidney injury (AKI) as an example, we tested the utility of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) imaging for dynamic assessment of maladaptive repair after injury. The temporospatial pattern of kidney FAP expression after injury was first characterized.

Linking terrestrial biogeochemical processes and water ages to catchment water quality: A new Damköhler analysis based on coupled modeling of isotope tracers and nitrate dynamics.

Catchment-scale nitrate dynamics involve complex coupling of hydrological transport and biogeochemical transformations, imposing challenges for source control of diffuse pollution. The Damköhler number (Da) offers a dimensionless dual-lens concept that integrates the timescales of exposure and processing, but quantifying both timescales in heterogeneous catchments remains methodologically challenging. Here, we propose a novel spatio-temporal framework for catchment-scale quantification of Da based on the ecohydrological modeling platform EcHO-iso that coupled isotope-aided water age tracking and nitrate modeling.

Adaptive attenuation of virulence in hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant .

The emergence of nosocomial infections caused by hypervirulent and carbapenem-resistant (hv-CRKP) has become a significant public health challenge. The genetic traits of virulence and resistance plasmids in hv-CRKP have been extensively studied; however, research on the adaptive evolution strategies of clinical strains inside the host was scarce. This study aimed to understand the effects of antibiotic treatment on the phenotype and genotype characteristics of hv-CRKP.

Advancing real-time error correction of flood forecasting based on the hydrologic similarity theory and machine learning techniques.

Real-time flood forecasting is one of the most pivotal measures for flood management, and real-time error correction is a critical step to guarantee the reliability of forecasting results. However, it is still challenging to develop a robust error correction technique due to the limited cognitions of catchment mechanisms and multi-source errors across hydrological modeling. In this study, we proposed a hydrologic similarity-based correction (HSBC) framework, which hybridizes hydrological modeling and multiple machine learning algorithms to advance the error correction of real-time flood forecasting.

Formulation and Preclinical Testing of Tc-99m-Labeled HYNIC-Glc-FAPT as a FAP-Targeting Tumor Radiotracer.

Molecular imaging and targeted radiotherapy with radiolabeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) targeting peptide probes hold great potential for enhancing the clinical management of patients with FAP-expressing cancers. However, the high cost of PET probes has prompted us to search for new FAP-targeting single-photon imaging agents. In this study, HYNIC-Glc-FAPT is synthesized and radiolabeled with technetium-99m using tricine/EDDA or dimer tricine as coligands to produce [Tc]Tc-tricine/EDDA-HYNIC-Glc-FAPT and [Tc]Tc-tricine-HYNIC-Glc-FAPT.

A hydrologic similarity-based parameters dynamic matching framework: Application to enhance the real-time flood forecasting.

Conventional hydrological modeling is usually based on the assumption that parameters are statically time-invariant. However, recent studies suggest that the influences of climate change and human interventions have made this hypothesis questionable. Meanwhile, machine learning techniques are increasingly used to extract patterns and insights from the ever-increasing hydrometeorological data.

Stream restoration can reduce nitrate levels in agricultural landscapes.

The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) has emphasized that altered stream/river morphology and diffuse pollution are the two major pressures faced by European water bodies at catchment scales. Increasing efforts have been directed toward restoration to meet WFD standards for ecological health, but this work has achieved limited success. One challenge is that little is known about how morphological changes (i.

A Comparative Study of F-FAPI-42 and F-FDG PET/CT for Evaluating Acute Kidney Injury in Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Compare the value of imaging using positron F-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-42 (F-FAPI-42) and F-labeled deoxyglucose (F-FDG) for assessment of AKI.

Procedures: This study analyzed cancer patients who received F-FAPI-42 and F-FDG PET/CT imaging. Eight patients had AKI with bilateral ureteral obstruction (BUO), eight had BUO (CKD1-2) with no acute kidney disease (AKD), and eight had no ureteral obstruction (UO) with normal renal function.

Quantification of Asian monsoon variability from 68 ka BP through pollen-based climate reconstruction.

The glacial-interglacial variability of precipitation and its driving mechanism in monsoonal regions has long been a subject of debate. However, there are few records of quantitative climate reconstruction dating to the last glacial cycle in areas dominated by the Asian summer monsoon. Here, using a pollen-based quantitative climate reconstruction based on three sites in areas exposed to the Asian summer monsoon, we demonstrate that climate has undergone great variability over the past 68 ka.

Isolation and Identification of a New Isolate of Anguillid Herpesvirus 1 from Farmed American Eels () in China.

Anguillid herpesvirus 1 (AngHV-1) is a pathogen that causes hemorrhagic disease in various farmed and wild freshwater eel species, resulting in significant economic losses. Although AngHV-1 has been detected in the American eel (), its pathogenicity has not been well characterized. In this study, an AngHV-1 isolate, tentatively named AngHV-1-FC, was isolated from diseased American eels with similar symptoms as those observed in AngHV-1-infected European eels and Japanese eels.

Activation of Piezo1 downregulates renin in juxtaglomerular cells and contributes to blood pressure homeostasis.

Background: The synthesis and secretion of renin in juxtaglomerular (JG) cells are closely regulated by the blood pressure. To date, however, the molecular identity through which JG cells respond to the blood pressure remains unclear.

Results: Here we discovered that Piezo1, a mechanosensitive ion channel, was colocalized with renin in mouse kidney as well as As4.

Surface Spin Enhanced High Stable NiCo S for Energy-Saving Production of H from Water/Methanol Coelectrolysis at High Current Density.

Nickel based materials are promising electrocatalysts to produce hydrogen from water in alkaline media. However, the stability is of great challenge, limiting its practical material functions. Herein, a new technique for electro-deposition flower-like NiCo S nanosheets on carbon-cloth (CC@NiCo S ) is proposed for energy-saving production of H from water/methanol coelectrolysis at high current density by constructing array architectures and regulating surface magnetism.

Coordination Effect-Promoted Durable Ni(OH) for Energy-Saving Hydrogen Evolution from Water/Methanol Co-Electrocatalysis.

Electrocatalytic water splitting is a viable technique for generating hydrogen but is precluded from the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reactions (OER). Small molecule oxidation reactions with lower working potentials, such as methanol oxidation reactions, are good alternatives to OER with faster kinetics. However, the typically employed Ni-based electrocatalysts have poor activity and stability.

Experimental and Numerical Studies on Fixed Steel Sheets Subjected to Underwater Explosion.

This study presents underwater explosion tests with three different TNT charge weights to investigate the dynamic responses of a fixed steel sheet. A finite element model was established and benchmarked by comparing the bubble development and deformation distribution from the tests. The steel sheet shows a deformation process of hogging, sagging, and hogging again, due to the actions of shock waves, bubble expansion, bubble collapse, and bubble pulsation.

Effects of osthole on osteoporotic rats: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Context: Cusson (Apiaceae) has been used in traditional Asian medicine for thousands of years. Recent studies showed its active compound, osthole, had a good effect on osteoporosis. But there was no comprehensive analysis.

Trends of Fixed-Dose Combination Antibiotic Consumption in Hospitals in China: Analysis of Data from the Center for Antibacterial Surveillance, 2013-2019.

Background: Fixed-dose combination (FDC) antibiotics can be clinically inappropriate and are concerning with regards to antimicrobial resistance, with little usage data available in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: Based on retrospective data from the Center for Antibacterial Surveillance, we investigated the consumption of FDC antibiotics in hospital inpatient settings in China from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2019. The metric for assessing antibiotic consumption was the number of daily defined doses per 100 bed days (DDD/100BDs).

Unravelling the origin of long-term stability for Cs and Sr solidification inside sodalite.

Cesium (Cs) and strontium (Sr) ions are the main fission byproducts in the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuels for nuclear power plants. Their long half-live period (30.17 years for Cs and 28.

The Advances of Single-Cell RNA-Seq in Kidney Immunology.

Kidney diseases are highly prevalent and treatment is costly. Immune cells play important roles in kidney diseases; however, it has been challenging to investigate the contribution of each cell type in kidney pathophysiology. Recently, the development of single-cell sequencing technology has allowed the extensive study of immune cells in blood, secondary lymphoid tissues, kidney biopsy and urine samples, helping researchers generate a comprehensive immune cell atlas for various kidney diseases.

High-throughput sequencing-based microsatellite genotyping for polyploids to resolve allele dosage uncertainty and improve analyses of genetic diversity, structure and differentiation: A case study of the hexaploid Camellia oleifera.

Conventional microsatellite (simple sequence repeat, SSR) genotyping methods cannot accurately identify polyploid genotypes leading to allele dosage uncertainty, introducing biases in population genetic analysis. Here, a new SSR genotyping method was developed to directly infer accurate polyploid genotypes. The frequency distribution of SSR sequences was obtained based on deep-coverage high-throughput sequencing data.