Synthesis of novel chalcone/lipoic acid derivatives and cross-linked chitosan for preparation of multi-functional packaging film.

Chitosan is a bio-based material that is more environmentally friendly than traditional petroleum-based materials, but its biofilms often suffer from brittleness and limited antioxidant and antibacterial properties. To overcome these challenges, chemically modified chitosan is a key solution. Herein, a novel CS-LA/CHA films were prepared through a radical reaction of chitosan (CS), lipoic acid/chalcone derivative (LA/CHA) and N,N-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA).

Rapid detection of lung cancer based on serum Raman spectroscopy and a support vector machine: a case-control study.

Background: Early screening and detection of lung cancer is essential for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. In this paper, we investigated the feasibility of serum Raman spectroscopy for rapid lung cancer screening.

Methods: Raman spectra were collected from 45 patients with lung cancer, 45 with benign lung lesions, and 45 healthy volunteers.

Electrically enhanced adsorption efficiency of aluminum nitride nanotube for sulfate ion removal from water.

Herein, the adsorption performance of sulfate ion in water on aluminum nitride nanotube(AlNNT) under the influence of an electric field was investigated using the density functional theory (DFT) calculation method. The model structure stability, adsorption energy, electronic and thermodynamic properties of sulfate ion adsorbed on the surface of AlNNT were studied. The calculation results indicate that sulfate ion reacts with multi-atoms on the surface of AlNNT, forming ionic bonds and undergoing chemical adsorption.

Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) gene family in rye (Secale cereale L.): genome-wide identification, phylogeny, evolutionary expansion and expression analyses.

Background: Rye (Secale cereale), one of the drought and cold-tolerant crops, is an important component of the Triticae Dumortier family of Gramineae plants. Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH), an important family of transcription factors, has played pivotal roles in regulating numerous intriguing biological processes in plant development and abiotic stress responses. However, no systemic analysis of the bHLH transcription factor family has yet been reported in rye.

Influence of an External Electric Field on Electronic and Optical Properties of a g-CN/TiO Heterostructure: A First-Principles Perspective.

In this study, calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were utilized to examine how electrostatic fields affect the electrical and optical characteristics of g-CN/TiO heterostructures. The binding energy, density of states, difference in charge density, and optical absorption spectra of the heterostructure were calculated and analyzed to reveal the mechanism of the influence of the external electric field (EF) on the properties of the heterostructure. The results show that the binding energy of the heterogeneous structure is reduced due to the imposed electric field in - and -directions, and the optical absorption spectrum is slightly enhanced, but the BG and charge transfer number are basically unchanged.

Histone demethylases in neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative diseases.

Neurodevelopment can be precisely regulated by epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylations, noncoding RNAs, and histone modifications. Histone methylation was a reversible modification, catalyzed by histone methyltransferases and demethylases. So far, dozens of histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) have been discovered, and they (members from KDM1 to KDM7 family) are important for neurodevelopment by regulating cellular processes, such as chromatin structure and gene transcription.

Uncovering the interactions between PME and PMEI at the gene and protein levels: Implications for the design of specific PMEI.

Context: Pectin methylesterase inhibitor (PMEI) can specifically bind and inhibit the activity of pectin methylesterase (PME), which has been widely used in fruit and vegetable juice processing. However, the limited three-dimensional structure, unclear action mechanism, low thermal stability and biological activity of PMEI severely limited its application. In this work, molecular recognition and conformational changes of PME and PMEI were analyzed by various molecular simulation methods.

Development and Analysis of Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Piezoelectric Actuator Based on Elephant Trunk Structure.

In most of the piezoelectric stacked motors studied, the stator usually adopts two compound modes to drive the rotor to do step motion. This design method not only improves the utilization rate of the stator but also improves the torque output to a certain extent and increases the output displacement. In this study, a new type of multi-degree of freedom piezoelectric actuator is proposed for the utilization of a stator.

Enhanced Methane Storage in Graphene Oxide Induced by an External Electric Field: A Study by MD Simulations and DFT Calculation.

To improve the methane (CH) storage performance of graphene oxide (GO), molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculation were employed to investigate the effect of electric field (EF) on the adsorption and desorption performances of monolayer graphene modified with three oxygen-containing functional groups (hydroxyl, carboxyl, and epoxy) as the CH storage material. Through the calculation and analysis of the radial distribution function (RDF), adsorption energy, adsorption weight percentage, and the amount of CH released, the mechanisms of influence on adsorption and desorption performances caused by an external EF were revealed. The study results showed that the external EF can significantly enhance the adsorption energy of CH on hydroxylated graphene (GO-OH) and carboxylated graphene (GO-COOH), making it easier to adsorb CH, and improve the adsorption capacity.

Antioxidant and In Vivo Hypoglycemic Activities of Ethanol Extract from the Leaves of Wall, a Comparative Study of the Extract and Astilbin.

The leaves of Wall (LERW) has been used as sweet tea in China throughout history. In this study, the ethanol extract of LERW (E-LERW) was prepared and the compositions were identified by HPLC-MS/MS. It indicates that astilbin was the predominant component in E-LERW.

Removal of methanol from water by capacitive deionization system combined with functional nanoporous graphene membrane.

In this article, molecular dynamics simulations were used to examine the feasibility of capacitive deionization (CDI) system combined with a functionalized nanoporous graphene (NPG) membrane for removing methanol from water. The radial distribution function of electrode-methanol and methanol-water, the self-diffusion coefficient of methanol and water, the water density near the membrane, the interaction energy between methanol and membrane, the hydrogen bond structure between methanol and water, and the 2D density map of methanol molecules near the membrane under different electric field (EF) (to simulate the effect of capacitance) were examined to evaluate the separation performance of NPG membranes with hydrogen-passivated pores for methanol. The findings show that an EF with appropriate strength can decrease the amount of water molecules near methanol, increase the self-diffusion coefficient of methanol and water, increase hydrophobicity of hydrogenated pores, decrease the interaction between the NPG membrane and methanol, and weaken hydrogen bond interaction between water and methanol molecules.

Role of WRKY Transcription Factors in Regulation of Abiotic Stress Responses in Cotton.

Environmental factors are the major constraints in sustainable agriculture. WRKY proteins are a large family of transcription factors (TFs) that regulate various developmental processes and stress responses in plants, including cotton. On the basis of genome sequencing, WRKY TFs have been identified in cotton and characterized for their functions in abiotic stress responses.

Research Progress of Pectin Methylesterase and its Inhibitors.

As an important pectin enzyme, pectin methylesterase (PME) can hydrolyze methyl esters, release methanol and reduce esterification. It is essential in regulating pollen tube development, root extension, and fruit ripening. Pectin methylesterase inhibitors (PMEI) can specifically bind PME and inhibit its activity, which jointly determines the esterification degree of pectin.

Organization of the mitochondrial genome of (Phasmatidae: Phasmatidae).

Recently, the species of the insect order Phasmatodea, have attracted the interest of more and more enthusiasts. Here, we obtained the complete mitochondrial genome of (), which belongs to the subfamily of Phasmatidae, detected by Illumina next-generation sequencing. The entire mitochondrial genome is 16,060 bp in length and contains a standard set of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and a putative A + T-rich region.

Copper-catalyzed reactions of α,β-unsaturated -tosylhydrazones with diaryliodonium salts to construct -arylpyrazoles and diaryl sulfones.

Herein, an economical copper-catalyzed reaction of α,β-unsaturated -tosylhydrazones with diaryliodonium salts to construct both -arylpyrazoles and diaryl sulfones has been developed. Both the -toluenesulfonyl anion and the 3-arylpyrazole intermediates were formed from -tosylhydrazones. Subsequently, the former reacted rapidly with diaryliodonium salts to give diaryl sulfones and aryl iodide intermediates, and the latter reacted with aryl iodide to give -arylpyrazoles under copper-catalyzed conditions.

Insights into the mechanism of electrostatic field promoting ozone mass transfer in water: A molecular dynamics perspective.

Ozone is the main role of ozone-based advanced oxidation process for organic wastewater treatment, which is usually added in water by aeration. However, the low solubility of ozone in water seriously affects the degradation efficiency. In this article, the external electrostatic field (EF) was proposed to improve the ozone solubility in water.

Circular RNAs: novel regulators of resistance to systemic treatments in breast cancer.

Systematic treatments including chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and HER2-targeted therapy are important therapeutic approaches to breast cancer. However, drug resistance is a major barrier to achieving a cure in breast cancer (BC) patients. Hence, it is urgent to gain insight into the drug-resistance mechanisms in order to improve the prognosis of BC patients.

Temperature Characteristic Analysis of Electromagnetic Piezoelectric Hybrid Drive Motor.

Temperature rise has always been one of the main researchfocusesof the motor. When the temperature is too high, it will have a serious impact on the stability and reliability of motor performance. Due to the special structure of electromagnetic piezoelectric hybrid drive motor (EPHDM), the loss and temperature distribution of electromagnetic drive part and piezoelectric drive part werestudied.

Structural Design and Analysis of Hybrid Drive Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Motor.

Piezoelectric-driven multi-degree-of-freedom motors can turn off self-lock, withstand high and low temperatures, are small in size and compact in structure, and can easily achieve miniaturization. However, they have a short life cycle and limited applications. In addition, high-intensity operation will result in a decrease in their stability.

New Rotor Position Redundancy Decoding Method Based on Resolver Decoder.

In view of the frequent safety problems of electric vehicles, the research on accurately obtaining the rotor position of the motor through the resolver is an important means to improve the functional safety of the system. The commonly used resolver decoding method involves the resolver decoding chip method and software decoding method, but few studies integrate the two decoding methods. A single method of motor rotor position acquisition cannot meet the requirements of system functional safety.

Position Detection Method of Piezoelectric Driven Spherical Motor Based on Laser Detection.

Laser detection technology has manypromising applications in the field of motor speed and position measurement. Accurate and fast measurement of position information of spherical rotor is very important for motor control. In this paper, we propose a method for non-contact measurement of the angular velocity of a multi-DOF spherical motor using the Doppler effect of the laser, and further obtain the position information of the motor rotor.

Damage Detection for Conveyor Belt Surface Based on Conditional Cycle Generative Adversarial Network.

The belt conveyor is an essential piece of equipment in coal mining for coal transportation, and its stable operation is key to efficient production. Belt surface of the conveyor is vulnerable to foreign bodies which can be extremely destructive. In the past decades, much research and numerous approaches to inspect belt status have been proposed, and machine learning-based non-destructive testing (NDT) methods are becoming more and more popular.

A distributed and integrated control strategy for an islanded microgrid considering line loss and communication interruption.

To improve the stability and economic operation performance of multi-distributed energy resources in networked islanded microgrid, a distributed and integrated control strategy is designed in this study. The strategy is based on the communication network in an islanded microgrid, which is able to achieve minimal generation cost, reliable communication, and stable voltage and frequency. These targets are achieved through the following methods.