Discovery of Sporachelins by Genome Mining of a Strain.

Myxochelins are a group of catecholate siderophores encoded by biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). They are mainly produced by myxobacteria and display a wide variety of bioactivities. Herein, we report a group of new myxochelins produced not by a myxobacterial strain but by an actinobacteria strain, sp.

In utero and childhood exposure to the great Chinese famine and risk of aging in adulthood.

Background Early-life exposure to famine may influence the occurrence of chronic diseases and aging in midlife among those exposed. This study aims to explore the relationship between exposure to the Chinese Great Famine and aging in middle-aged individuals. Methods Participants born in 1963-1965 (unexposed), 1959-1961 (in utero exposure), and 1955-1957 (childhood exposure) from the Kailuan Study were included.

Genome-wide identification, characterization and expression analysis of the transcription factors in garlic ( L.).

Introduction: The genes () are essential in numerous biological processes, including development and stress responses. Despite extensive research on in many plants, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of in garlic has yet to be undertaken.

Methods: In this study, we identified and classified 64 genes () into 10 subfamilies.

Genome-wide identification, classification and expression analysis of the heat shock transcription factor family in Garlic (Allium sativum L.).

Background: The heat shock transcription factor (HSF) plays a crucial role in the regulatory network by coordinating responses to heat stress as well as other stress signaling pathways. Despite extensive studies on HSF functions in various plant species, our understanding of this gene family in garlic, an important crop with nutritional and medicinal value, remains limited. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of the entire garlic genome to elucidate the characteristics of the AsHSF gene family.

Acremosides A-G, Sugar Alcohol-Conjugated Acyclic Sesquiterpenes from a Sponge-Derived Species.

Seven new sugar alcohol-conjugated acyclic sesquiterpenes, acremosides A-G (-), were isolated from the cultures of the sponge-associated fungus sp. IMB18-086 cultivated with heat-killed . The structures were determined by comprehensive analyses of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data.

Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Cyclic Tetrapeptides from the Co-cultures of Two Marine-Derived Fungi.

Violaceotides B-E (-), four new cyclic tetrapeptides, along with seven known compounds, were identified from the sponge-associated IMB18-072 co-cultivated with the marine-derived IMB20-805. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data, including HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, and MS/MS data. The absolute configurations were determined by the advanced Marfey's method.

Protaetiibacter mangrovi sp. nov., isolated from mangrove soil.

A novel Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-flagellated and rod-shaped actinobacterium, designated 10F1B-8-1, was isolated from mangrove soil sampled at Futian Mangrove Nature Reserve, China. The isolate was able to grow at 10-40 °C (optimum 30-32 °C), at pH 6-8 (optimum 7) and in the presence of 0-6% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0%). Strain 10F1B-8-1 shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Protaetiibacter larvae NBRC 113051 (98.

MEL regulates miR-21 and let-7b through the STAT3 cascade in the follicular granulosa cells of Tibetan sheep.

Under physiological and pathological conditions, melatonin (MEL) can regulate microRNA (miRNA) expression. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulatory effects of MEL on miRNAs in ovaries are not understood. Firstly, by using fluorescence in situ hybridisation, we found that in ovaries and follicular granulosa cells (FGCs), MT1 co-located with miR-21 and let-7b.

Isolation, Structure Elucidation, and First Total Synthesis of Quinomycins K and L, Two New Octadepsipeptides from the Maowei Sea Mangrove-Derived sp. B475.

Mangrove actinomycetia have been proven to be one of the promising sources for discovering novel bioactive natural products. Quinomycins K () and L (), two rare quinomycin-type octadepsipeptides without intra-peptide disulfide or thioacetal bridges, were investigated from the Maowei Sea mangrove-derived sp. B475.

Ultrasmall Enzyme-Powered Janus Nanomotor Working in Blood Circulation System.

Injectable chemically powered nanomotors may revolutionize biomedical technologies, but to date, it is a challenge for them to move autonomously in the blood circulation system and they are too large in size to break through the biological barriers therein. Herein, we report a general scalable colloidal chemistry synthesis approach for the fabrication of ultrasmall urease-powered Janus nanomotors (UPJNMs) that have a size (100-30 nm) meeting the requirement to break through the biological barriers in the blood circulation system and can efficiently move in body fluids with only endogenous urea as fuel. In our protocol, the two hemispheroid surfaces of eccentric Au-polystyrene nanoparticles are stepwise grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) brushes and ureases via selective etching and chemical coupling, respectively, forming the UPJNMs.

Immunohistochemical staining of LEF-1 is a useful marker for distinguishing WNT-activated medulloblastomas.

Objectives: To investigate lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (LEF-1) protein expression in medulloblastomas (MBs) and its correlation with molecular grouping of MBs.

Methods: Expressions of LEF-1 and β-catenin were detected by immunohistochemistry, and molecular grouping was performed based on the NanoString and sequencing techniques for 30 MBs.

Results: By genetic defining, 3 MBs were WNT-activated, 11 were SHH-activated, 3 were in Group 3 and 13 in Group 4 respectively.

Rare Recurrent EWSR1-PLAGL1 Rearranged Intracranial Tumor With Biphasic Epithelioid Differentiation: One Case Report With Literature Review.

EWSR1-rearranged tumors encompass a rare and heterogeneous group of entities with features of the central nervous system (CNS) mesenchymal and primary glial/neuronal tumors. EWSR1-PLAGL1 gene fusion is a particularly rare form of rearrangement. We presented a recurrent intracranial EWSR1-PLAGL1 rearranged tumor and reviewed the relevant literature.

miR-638 Serves as a Biomarker of 5-Fluorouracil Sensitivity to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is widely used to treat breast cancer (BC). The prediction and evaluation of chemotherapy responses remains a significant challenge.

Methods: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in cancer drug resistance.

Zelkovamycins F and G, Cyclopeptides with Cα-Methyl-threonine Residues, from an Endophytic sp.

Zelkovamycins F and G ( and ), two new natural cyclic octapeptides possessing the unprecedented nonproteinogenic amino acid residues l-α-methyl-threonine and l-α-methyl--threonine, respectively, along with four new analogues, zelkovamycins H-K (-), were identified from the endophytic sp. CPCC 204717. Their structures were elucidated by detailed analysis of NMR and HRESIMS/MS spectroscopic data.

Starch synthase II plays a crucial role in starch biosynthesis and the formation of multienzyme complexes in cassava storage roots.

Starch is a glucose polymer synthesized by green plants for energy storage and is crucial for plant growth and reproduction. The biosynthesis of starch polysaccharides is mediated by members of the large starch synthase (SS) protein superfamily. Here, we showed that in cassava storage roots, soluble starch synthase II (MeSSII) plays an important role in starch biosynthesis and the formation of protein complexes with other starch biosynthetic enzymes by directly interacting with MeSSI, MeSBEII, and MeISAII.

Acremopeptaibols A-F, 16-Residue Peptaibols from the Sponge-Derived sp. IMB18-086 Cultivated with Heat-Killed .

Six new 16-residue peptaibols, acremopeptaibols A-F (-), along with five known compounds, were isolated from the cultures of the sponge-associated fungus sp. IMB18-086 grown in the presence of the autoclaved bacterium on solid rice medium. The peptaibol sequences were established based on comprehensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data in conjunction with HRESIMS/MS experiments.

Genome-wide identification, phylogeny and expression analysis of AP2/ERF transcription factors family in sweet potato.

Background: In recent years, much attention has been given to AP2/ERF transcription factors because they play indispensable roles in many biological processes, such as plant development and biotic and abiotic stress responses. Although AP2/ERFs have been thoroughly characterised in many plant species, the knowledge about this family in the sweet potato, which is a vital edible and medicinal crop, is still limited. In this study, a comprehensive genome-wide investigation was conducted to characterise the AP2/ERF gene family in the sweet potato.

Dynamic network biomarker analysis discovers IbNAC083 in the initiation and regulation of sweet potato root tuberization.

The initiation and development of storage roots (SRs) are intricately regulated by a transcriptional regulatory network. One key challenge is to accurately pinpoint the tipping point during the transition from pre-swelling to SRs and to identify the core regulators governing such a critical transition. To solve this problem, we performed a dynamic network biomarker (DNB) analysis of transcriptomic dynamics during root development in Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato).

Over-Expression of Centromere Protein U Participates in the Malignant Neoplastic Progression of Breast Cancer.

The expression of Centromere Protein U (CENP-U) is closely related to tumor malignancy. Till now, the role of CENP-U in the malignant progression of breast cancer remains unclear. In this study, we found that CENP-U protein was highly expressed in the primary invasive breast cancer tissues compared to the paired adjacent histologically normal tissues and ductal carcinoma (DCIS) tissues.

Correlation between family history and characteristics of breast cancer.

Family history is a major risk factor for breast cancer; approximately 5-10% cases of breast cancer are associated with a family history. Herein, we investigated the link between family history and breast cancer features to elucidate the importance of family history in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Data from 10,549 patients with breast cancer were collected from 2014 to 2017.

Chemical characterization of the polar antibacterial fraction of the ethanol extract from Rosmarinus officinalis.

Rosmarinus officinalis L. has been widely used as a spice to extend the shelf life of foods. Most studies in the literature indicate that its essential oil is its major antibacterial component.

Zelkovamycins B-E, Cyclic Octapeptides Containing Rare Amino Acid Residues from an Endophytic sp.

Four unusual cyclopeptides, zelkovamycins B-E (-), were isolated from an endophytic sp. Zelkovamycin B was featured by an unprecedented 3-methyl-5-hydroxypyrrolidine-2,4-dione ring system linked to the cyclopeptide skeleton. Their structures and full configurations were established by spectroscopic analysis, Marfey's method, and NMR calculations.

Structural Revision and Absolute Configuration of Burnettramic Acid A.

The recently discovered antibiotic burnettramic acid A () and three new congeners, burnettramic acids C-E (-), were identified from the co-cultures of two marine strains. The structure of burnettramic acid A was revised on the basis of reinterpretation of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data and chemical derivatization. The full absolute configurations of burnettramic acids were established using the Mosher ester method and Marfey's analysis, combined with density functional theory calculation of NMR and electric circular dichroism data.

Endogenous HCN Channels Modulate the Firing Activity of Globus Pallidus Neurons in Parkinsonian Animals.

The globus pallidus occupies a critical position in the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia motor control system. Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic-nucleotide gated (HCN) channels play an important role in the modulation of neuronal excitability. extracellular single unit recording, behavioral test and immunohistochemistry were performed to explore the possible modulation of endogenous HCN channels in the globus pallidus under parkinsonian states.