Legumes reduce the effects of salt stress on co-existing grass.

Nitrogen (N) fixing legumes typically enhance the ability of coexisting non-N-fixing species to resist disease and drought, but whether legumes enhance their ability to resist salt stress remains unknown, restricting our ability to explore the potential of legumes to rehabilitate salt-affected ecosystems. We conducted a simulation experiment to examine whether and how legumes influence the response of coexisting grass to salt stress. We compared the effects of salt stress on the plant biomass, root cell viability, antioxidant enzyme activities, soil extracellular enzyme activities and microbial functional gene abundances associated with N and phosphorus (P) cycling between pure grass communities and legume-grass mixtures.

Propyl acetate protects intestinal barrier during parenteral nutrition in mice and Caco-2 cells.

Background: Gut microbiota dysbiosis induces intestinal barrier damage during parenteral nutrition (PN). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate gut microbiota dysbiosis, luminal short-chain fatty acids, and autophagy in a mouse model and how these short-chain fatty acids regulate autophagy.

Advances in the role of long non‑coding RNAs and RNA‑binding proteins in regulating DNA damage repair in cancer cells.

DNA damage and repair play a crucial role in the development, progression and treatment of cancer. In response to various types of DNA damage, the organism initiates a series of DNA damage responses that trigger post‑DNA damage repair processes. Among the most severe forms of DNA damage are DNA double‑strand breaks (DSBs), which can be repaired by the body through two pathways: Homologous recombination and non‑homologous end joining.

Leguminous plants significantly increase soil nitrogen cycling across global climates and ecosystem types.

Leguminous plants are an important component of terrestrial ecosystems and significantly increase soil nitrogen (N) cycling and availability, which affects productivity in most ecosystems. Clarifying whether the effects of legumes on N cycling vary with contrasting ecosystem types and climatic regions is crucial for understanding and predicting ecosystem processes, but these effects are currently unknown. By conducting a global meta-analysis, we revealed that legumes increased the soil net N mineralization rate (R ) by 67%, which was greater than the recently reported increase associated with N deposition (25%).

[Effects of corn-based cropping systems on phosphorus fractions and availability in red soil].

To clarify the effects of corn-based cropping systems on phosphorus (P) fractions and availability in red soil, we measured P fractions and availability of topsoil (0-20 cm) and subsoil (20-40 cm) in abandoned farmland (control) and three corn-based cropping systems (corn continuous cropping, zucchini-corn rotation and pea-corn rotation), respectively. The results showed that total P, available P contents and P activation coefficient in topsoil were higher than those in subsoil. The value of relative P parameters in topsoil of pea-corn rotation was the highest among all cropping systems.