Long non-coding RNA CAR10 promotes angiogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma by mediating nuclear LDHA to epigenetically regulate VEGFA/C.

Angiogenesis is a significant character of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and is an important reason leading to high mortality rates of LUAD patients. However, the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs regulating the angiogenesis in LUAD have not been fully elucidated. Here we show lncRNA chromatin-associated RNA 10 (CAR10) was upregulated in the tumor tissue of patients with LUAD and enhanced tumor metastasis.

Space-time dispersive symmetric Pearcey-Pearcey wave packets in the fractional Schrödinger equation.

This study presents an investigation into the propagation characteristics of a symmetric Pearcey-Pearcey space-time (SPPST) wave packet in a dispersive medium for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, in an optical system based on the fractional Schrödinger equation. Subsequently, the influence of the dispersion (normal and abnormal dispersion) on the SPPST packet is analyzed comprehensively. By manipulating the parameters of the SPPST wave packet including the parameters of the symmetric Pearcey beam, the value of the chirp, and the dispersion in the medium, it is possible to control its shape, orientation, and propagation dynamics.

Salvianolic acid B alleviates autoimmunity in Treg-deficient mice via inhibiting IL2-STAT5 signaling.

Regulatory T cell (Treg) deficiency leads to immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, and X-linked (IPEX) syndrome, which is a CD4 T cell-driven autoimmune disease in both humans and mice. Despite understanding the molecular and cellular characteristics of IPEX syndrome, new treatment options have remained elusive. Here, we hypothesized that salvianolic acid B (Sal B), one of the main active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza, can protect against immune disorders induced by Treg deficiency.

Crosstalk mitigation of a controllable annular auto-focusing vortex beam array in a turbulent atmosphere.

In this paper, we introduce a new type of controllable auto-focusing vortex beam array named annular quasi-Airy vortex beam array (QAVBA), which can reduce the crosstalk among different orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes of optical vortex. The effects of initial beam parameters of annular QAVBA and propagation conditions on the OAM mode propagation performance are investigated. The results indicate that the topological angle θ, the topological charge m, and the decay parameter α could manipulate the auto-focusing characteristics of annular QAVBA and regulate the crosstalk of OAM modes.

Inhibition of UBA6 by inosine augments tumour immunogenicity and responses.

Anti-cancer immunity and response to immune therapy is influenced by the metabolic states of the tumours. Immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICB) is known to involve metabolic adaptation, however, the mechanism is not fully known. Here we show, by metabolic profiling of plasma samples from melanoma-bearing mice undergoing anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 combination therapy, that higher levels of purine metabolites, including inosine, mark ICB sensitivity.

EEF1A2 interacts with HSP90AB1 to promote lung adenocarcinoma metastasis via enhancing TGF-β/SMAD signalling.

Background: Eukaryotic protein translation elongation factor 1α2 (EEF1A2) is an oncogene that promotes the progression of breast and pancreatic cancer. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the oncogenic function of EEF1A2 in the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Methods: Immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to study EEF1A2 expression levels in LUAD tissues and cells, respectively.

High-resolution quantitative phase imaging based on a spatial light modulator and incremental binary random sampling.

We propose a single-beam high-resolution quantitative phase imaging method based on a spatial light modulator (SLM) and an incremental binary random sampling (IBRS) algorithm. In this method, the image of the test object presents on the image sensor through an optical microscopy system composed of an objective lens and a collimating lens. A transmittance SLM displaying a group of well-designed IBRS patterns is inserted in the optical microscopy system to modulate the object wavefront.

Conventional solitons and bound-state solitons in an erbium-doped fiber laser mode-locked by TiSe-based saturable absorber.

Conventional solitons (CSs) as well as bound-state solitons in a passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser based on 1 T-phase titanium diselenide (1 T-TiSe) saturable absorber (SA) have been systematically demonstrated for the first time. The mode locker is assembled by sandwiching the 1 T-TiSe film between two fiber ferrules to improve compatibility with the all-fiber-integrated ring cavity configuration. The modulation depth, saturation intensity and nonsaturable loss of the prepared 1 T-TiSe SA are 14.

Fully controlled photonic spin in highly confined optical field.

As an intrinsic attribute of light, the spin angular momentum (SAM) of photons has aroused considerable attention because of the fascinating properties emerging from light-matter interactions. We show that a diffraction-limited focal field with a steerable photonic spin structure in three dimensions can be produced under a 4π microscopic system. This is achieved by focusing two counter-propagating configurable vector beams produced in the coherent superposition of three different beams with x-polarization, y-polarization, and radial-polarization.

Modulation of release mechanisms of methylene blue (MB) monomers and dimers from silica-MB@shellac synthesized by antisolvent crystallization.

Release behaviors of drugs from drug deliveries are crucial for the enhancement of therapy efficiency, reduction of toxicity and patient compliance. Herein, antisolvent crystallization is employed to coat methlyene blue (MB)-loaded silica by shellac precipitation (silica-MB@shellac), which is simultaneously induced by outward diffusion of H ions from particular silica-MB. The encapsulation of shellac shell on silica-MB modulates the aggregation state of MB, which endows silica-MB@shellac a decreased MB's thermal stability, enhanced photoluminescence intensity, improved stability against in vitro reduction by ascorbic acid and retained photodynamic therapy activity.

Proteomic Analysis of the Molecular Mechanism of Lovastatin Inhibiting the Growth of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells.

Metabolic abnormalities are one of the essential features of tumors. Increasingly more studies have shown that lovastatin, a lipid-reducing drug, has visible inhibitory effects on tumors, but it has not been reported in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In this paper, we explored the effects of lovastatin on the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and its possible molecular mechanisms.

HCP5 is a SMAD3-responsive long non-coding RNA that promotes lung adenocarcinoma metastasis via miR-203/SNAI axis.

: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) signaling plays a vital role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. However, the involvement of TGFβ-regulated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in metastasis of LUAD remains poorly understood. : We performed bioinformatic analyses to identify putative lncRNAs regulated by TGF-β/SMAD3 and validated the results by quantitative PCR in LUAD cells.

Long noncoding RNA CAR10 promotes lung adenocarcinoma metastasis via miR-203/30/SNAI axis.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) metastasis. Here, we found that lncRNA chromatin-associated RNA 10 (CAR10) was upregulated in the tumor tissue of patients with LUAD and enhanced tumor metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, CAR10 induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by directly binding with miR-30 and miR-203 and then regulating the expression of SNAI1 and SNAI2.

Redistributing the energy flow of a tightly focused radially polarized optical field by designing phase masks.

Redistributing the transverse energy flow in the focal plane of a tightly focused radially polarized optical field is described. We develop from theory a generalized analytical model for calculating the distributions of the electromagnetic field and the Poynting vector for a tightly focused radially polarized laser beam superposed with an optical vortex. We further explore the redistribution of the energy flow by designing phase masks, including traditional and annular vortex phase masks.

Focusing properties of arbitrary optical fields combining spiral phase and cylindrically symmetric state of polarization.

The tight focusing properties of optical fields combining a spiral phase and cylindrically symmetric state of polarization are presented. First, we theoretically analyze the mathematical characterization, Stokes parameters, and Poincaré sphere representations of arbitrary cylindrical vector (CV) vortex beams. Then, based on the vector diffraction theory, we derive and build an integrated analytical model to calculate the electromagnetic field and Poynting vector distributions of the input CV vortex beams.

Optical cage generated by azimuthal- and radial-variant vector beams.

We propose a method to generate an optical cage using azimuthal- and radial-variant vector beams in a high numerical aperture optical system. A new kind of vector beam that has azimuthal- and radial-variant polarization states is proposed and demonstrated theoretically. Then, an integrated analytical model to calculate the electromagnetic field and Poynting vector distributions of the input azimuthal- and radial-variant vector beams is derived and built based on the vector diffraction theory of Richards and Wolf.

Focus shaping by tailoring arbitrary hybrid polarization states that have a combination of orthogonal linear polarization bases.

We report a focus shaping method by tailoring hybrid states of polarization of arbitrary polarized beams that have a combination of orthogonal linear polarization bases. Such hybridly polarized beams comprising linear, elliptical, and circular polarizations in the beam cross section, have completely different optical properties compared to the scalar and locally linear-polarized vector beams. We demonstrate that, apart from the orientation of the local polarization state, another two degrees of freedom including the local ellipticity and the handedness in the beam cross section can be used in focus shaping.

Fibroblasts play a potential role in bone destruction via osteopontin related caldesmon expression and polymerization in human non-functioning pituitary adenomas.

Non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are the most frequent pituitary tumors. The elucidation of the mechanisms of aggressive NFPAs in bone destruction is required in order to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment of NFPAs. In the present study, we investigated the differential proteomics of fibroblasts isolated from clinical specimens of NFPAs with or without bone destruction.

MiR-34b-3 and miR-449a inhibit malignant progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by targeting lactate dehydrogenase A.

MicroRNA expression profiling assays have shown that miR-34b/c and miR-449a are down-regulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC); however, the targets and functions of miR-34b/c and miR-449a in the pathologenesis of NPC remain elusive. In this study, we verified miR-34b/c and miR-449a were significantly reduced with the advance of NPC. Overexpression of miR-34b-3 and miR-449a suppressed the growth of NPC cells in culture and mouse tumor xenografts.

Evolution of phase singularities of vortex beams propagating in atmospheric turbulence.

Optical vortex beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence are studied by numerical modeling, and the phase singularities of the vortices existing in the turbulence-distorted beams are calculated. It is found that the algebraic sum of topological charges (TCs) of all the phase singularities existing in test aperture is approximately equal to the TC of the input vortex beam. This property provides us a possible approach for determining the TC of the vortex beam propagating through the atmospheric turbulence, which could have potential application in optical communication using optical vortices.

Determining the vortex densities of random nondiffracting beams.

The evolutionary and statistical properties of the optical vortices that exist in random nondiffracting beams (RNDBs) are analyzed. It is found that the phase singularities (PSs) in the RNDBs originate from the zero rings of Bessel beams with the same ring-shaped spatial spectrum structure (but with zero phase fluctuations) as those of the RNDBs provided. It is also found that the average PS density or vortex density is determined by the average duration of the zero rings of the corresponding Bessel function.

In situ hydrothermal crystallization of hexagonal hydroxyapatite tubes from yttrium ion-doped hydroxyapatite by the Kirkendall effect.

An in situ hydrothermal crystallization method with presence of glutamic acid, urea and yttrium ions was employed to fabricate hexagonal hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca5(PO4)3(OH)) tubes with length of 200 nm-1 μm. Firstly, yttrium ion-doped HAp (Y-HAp, Ca(5-x)Y(x)(PO4)3(OH)) was synthesized after hydrolysis of urea and HPO4(2-) ions at 100°C with a dwell time of 24h. The shift of X-ray diffraction peaks of HAp to high angle was caused the substitution of Ca(2+) ions by small-sized Y(3+) ions.